湘东南新元古界大江边组和埃岐岭组的形成时代和物源—来自碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学的证据

运用LA-ICP-MS方法对湘东南泗洲山地区南华系大江边组上部泥质岩和震旦系(埃迪卡拉系)埃岐岭组底部变泥铁质砂岩碎屑锆石进行U-Pb测年,分别获得了28组和92组U-Pb有效年龄.前者锆石年龄主要集中分布于693 ～ 897 Ma(占67.9％),1810 ～1916Ma(占17.9％),1974～2177Ma(占14.2％)三个区间,最年轻的谐和错石年龄为734 ±4Ma(MSWD=1.07,n=4);后者锆石年龄主要集中分布于570～699Ma(占9.8％),715～ 774Ma(占7.6％),882～1272Ma(占67.4％),1300～ 1681Ma(占7.6％),1899 ～2490Ma(占7.6％)五个区间,最年轻的谐和锆石年龄为634±7Ma(MSWD=1.09,n=4).研究认为,大江边组上部地层的形成时代＜734±4Ma,与澄江组顶部、牛牯坪组、岩门寨组、拱洞组及隆里组等地层形成时代相近,揭示“板溪期”地层的顶界年龄及江口冰期开启年龄＜ 734±4Ma;埃岐岭组形成时代＜634 ±7Ma,与陡山沱组及蓝田组等地层形成时代相近,支持南沱冰期结束于635Ma左右的认识.综合研究认为,大江边组和埃岐岭组的物源可能分别主要来源于武夷地块南东部和南岭—云开地块南部的一个Grenville期造山带.推测物源的转换可能与南岭—云开地块、武夷地块在两组沉积时期之间聚合或紧邻有关,其时限约为734～634Ma.     

Structure and age of the northern Leeuwin Complex,Western Australia: Constraints from field mapping and U–Pb isotopic analysis

Rocks in the northern Leeuwin Complex of southwestern Australia preserve evidence of having formed during the breakup of Rodinia and the subsequent amalgamation of Gondwana. Detailed field mapping, structural investigation and U–Pb isotopic zircon analysis, using the Sensitive High‐mass Resolution Ion Microprobe (SHRIMP), have revealed that: (i) protoliths of pink granite gneiss and grey granodiorite gneiss crystallised at ca 750 Ma, coeval with breakup of western Rodinia; (ii) granulite/upper amphibolite facies metamorphism occurred at 522 ± 5 Ma, in the Early Cambrian, ～100 million years later than previous estimates and of identical age to estimates of the final amalgamation of Gondwana; and (iii) three major phases of ductile deformation occurred during or after this metamorphism and represent a progressive strain evolution from subvertical shortening (D1) to subhorizontal east‐west (D2) then north‐northwest‐south‐southeast (D3) contraction.     

辽北－吉南地区太古宙花岗岩－绿岩带地质地球化学

辽北－吉南地区是我国典型太古宙花岗岩－绿岩带出露区之一。根据其地质地球化学特征，本区绿岩带可划分为清原型和夹皮沟型，其形成的古构造环境分别为与现代岛弧的大陆边缘活动带和弧后盆地或大陆边缘裂谷相类似的裂谷型构造环境。与绿岩带有关的花岗质岩石可划分为三类：即片麻状花岗质杂岩体、花岗闪长岩和英云闪长岩底辟岩基以及钾质花岗岩。花岗岩－绿岩带的形成时代为２．５－２．９Ｇａ。     

内蒙古柳坝沟金矿床40Ar-39Ar年代学及铅同立素

内蒙古柳坝沟金矿床是华北地台北缘成矿带上,以广泛发育钾长石化为特色的大型金矿床.金矿体中钾长石的40 Ar-39Ar同位素和矿石的铅同位素特征表明:40Ar-39Ar年龄密度图中260～360 Ma峰值区反映了岩浆活动的主要时限,与区内岩体侵位年龄(220～350 Ma)相符.40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为(217.9±3...     

冀北红旗营子杂岩的锆石、独居石年代学及地质意义

较为详细的SHRIMP、LA-ICPMS锆石U-pb年代学和独居石电子探针Th-U-b化学法定年揭示，隆化-山地块的石英闪长质片麻岩和石榴黑云二长花岗质片麻岩分别形成于2484Ma和2180Ma，同时存在3164～2553Ma的锆石记录和约1854Ma的变质改造事件；细粒二长花岗岩形成于413Ma，独居石内核记录了约628Ma的继承年龄。凤山-宁地块的钾长花岗质糜棱片麻岩、角闪黑云石英闪长质片麻岩和黑云母二长花岗岩分别形成于1876Ma、1838Ma和1810Ma，其中存在2042-1904Ma的捕获锆石，遭受了1756Ma、1694Ma和313．5Ma的多期改造，其中晚古生代的构造-浆-质事件的改造尤为强烈。赤城-礼地块的角闪黑云花岗闪长质片麻岩分别形成于2535Ma和2529-2480Ma，石榴英云闪长质片麻岩和石榴黑云斜长变粒岩分别形成于1871Ma和1841Ma，发现有约2602Ma的继承锆石，并记录了从古元古代到晚古生代多阶段的改造事件，尤其清楚地记录了343-320Ma的地质事件。结合前人的年代学资料，综合分析上述地质年代学的特征，认为红旗营子杂岩从东到西可能由不同来源的微陆块组成，这些微陆块都经历了晚古生代的构造-岩浆-变质事件，可能在古生代晚期才与华北克拉通北缘拼贴。     

An Acetic Acid‐Based Extraction Protocol for the Recovery of U,Th and Pb from Calcium Carbonates for U‐(Th)‐Pb Geochronology

A new method for the simultaneous recovery of U, Th and Pb from ca. 0.5 g calcium carbonate samples for the purpose of U‐(Th)‐Pb geochronometry is presented. The protocol employs ion‐exchange chromatography. Standard anion exchange resin (AG 1‐X8 100–200 mesh) was used as the static phase, and 90% acetic acid was used as the mobile phase to elute the unwanted matrix components; dilute nitric acid was used to elute the U, Th and Pb. Blanks of 1.8 pg Th, 6.4 pg Pb and 8.4 pg U were obtained. The protocol was evaluated by determining the isotopic composition of U‐Th‐Pb separates obtained from an in‐house reference material (prepared from a natural speleothem) by MC‐ICP‐MS. An independently dated speleothem was also reanalysed. Based on these tests, the extraction protocol had an acceptable blank and produced a Pb separate sufficiently free of matrix‐induced instrumental biases to be appropriate for U‐Th‐Pb chronology.     

Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Chinese South Tianshan Orogen: constraints from SHRIMP zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of basaltic and dioritic rocks from Xiate,NW China

Traditionally the Chinese South Tianshan has been regarded as a late Paleozoic orogenic belt. However, little is known about the early Paleozoic tectonic architecture of the region. This paper presents the first evidence of Cambrian–Ordovician MORB-type basalts and adakitic diorites on the southern margin of the Yili plate in China. Basalts from Xiate in southwestern Tianshan show a typical transitional (T-) MORB and ferrobasalt composition, which indicate a formation at a propagating spreading ridge. The basalts give a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U crystallization age of 516.3 ± 7.4 Ma by SHRIMP U–Pb zircon dating and have experienced contact metamorphism due to the intrusion of a dioritic pluton. The dioritic pluton has a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U crystallization age of 470 ± 12 Ma and geochemical characteristics resembling that of adakitic rocks. The pluton is considered to have been formed by partial melting of garnet amphibolites from thickened lower crust in arc or continental collision settings. The basalts and diorites are considered to outline the eastern extension of the early Paleozoic suture zone, the Nikolaev Line, which stretches east–west for hundreds of kilometers between the Northern Tianshan and Central Tianshan terranes of Kyrgyzstan. Our findings substantiate that the Yili and Central Tianshan plates were separated by the early Paleozoic Terskey ocean. The Terskey ocean probably closed during the early stage of the late Ordovician (Lomize et al. in Geotectonics 31(6):463–482, 1997), resulting in the final amalgamation of the Yili and Central Tianshan plates. Consequently, an early Paleozoic suture zone is documented in the Chinese Tianshan region, which is most likely represented by the North Nalati fault.     

泥河湾盆地下沙沟动物群的磁性地层学定年及其对泥河湾动物群的年代制约

主要对泥河湾盆地下沙沟动物群（即狭义的泥河湾动物群）所在剖面河湖相沉积物进行了详细的磁性地层学和岩石磁学研究,揭示出下沙沟剖面记录了高斯正极性时（Gauss normal chron）晚期、松山负极性时（Matuyama reverse chron）及布容正极性时（Brunhes normal chron）。下沙沟动物群的层位跨越留尼旺（Reunion normal subchron）和奥杜威（Olduvai normal subchron）正极性亚时,其年代约为2.2~1.7Ma。上新世/更新世界限（高斯/松山（Gauss/Matuyama）地磁极性倒转界限）位于下沙沟剖面底部。结合前人研究结果,将泥河湾盆地已有磁性地层年代数据的动物群标注在地磁极性年表上,获得了泥河湾动物群的年代序列,结果表明泥河湾动物群位于高斯/松山和松山/布容（Matuyama/Brunhes）两个地磁极性倒转界限之间,因此,泥河湾动物群的年代区间为2.6~0.8Ma,这一研究结果完善了泥河湾盆地的生物地层年代学框架。     

Identifying lichenometrically datable,glacierized terrains: a case study in the cascade range of western North America

Climatic interpretations of recent glacier fluctuations rely on ice-extent chronologies developed from lichenometric ages of Holocene landforms. However, lichenometry requires time- and resource-consuming field surveys, which limit our understanding of glacier chronologies, especially in remote locations. This study presents a rapid, coarse, a priori approach to predicting new field sites where lichenometry can be applied. Geologic, geographic, climatic, and landcover data were used in spatial and supervised classification analyses to identify areas in the Cascade Range of Washington and northern Oregon with similar environmental conditions to those where lichenometric dating techniques had previously been applied. These results focus the attention of researchers to only 1100 km², or 3%, of the broader Cascade Range study area. Though this study concentrates on the utility of lichenometry for dating recent glacier activity in the Cascade Range, the screening method presented is easily translatable to a variety of geomorphic and environmental applications.     

油藏Re-Os定年研究进展与展望

在含油气系统关键成藏时刻的定年研究中,铼-锇(Re-Os)放射性同位素定年体系受到了广泛的重视。本文着重从原油Re-Os体系特征出发探讨Re-Os等时线年龄的构建及其优化发展方向。较低的Re和Os含量、局限的¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os混合、漫长的地质过程、与高温相关的油藏改造等都不利于Re-Os等时线年龄的构建。原油中的Re和Os富集于沥青质组分中,且在易沉淀的沥青质中含量更高。有些原油各组分之间存在Re-Os同位素组成的差异,这一方面增加了多原油样品的Re-Os等时线定年的不确定性,另一方面也出现了利用单一原油组分进行Re-Os等时线定年的可能。未来研究仍需从地质实践和化学实验两方面来提升对Re-Os同位素体系在含油气系统中的地球化学行为的认识,进而更精准地确定油气运聚成藏与改造的时间,为油气勘探提供新依据。