通过分区分析预测华北地震危险区

将华北地区 (北纬 3 7°～ 41 .5°,东经 1 1 2°～ 1 2 0°)以 5 0 km× 5 0 km为单位划分成 1 3 0个小区域 ,统计每区内近 1 0年 (1 990年～ 2 0 0 0年 8月 )来所发生的地震。从时间角度分析近十年内每年各区地震宏观走向情况 ;从空间角度分析每区十年内地震活动情况。将具有类似特征的区域归为一类 ,通过分析它们的形变背景推测这些区域的地震活动情况。     

山西地震基本烈度特点分析

本文从地震基本烈度含义的演变入手，重点叙述了山西地震基本烈度的分布特征、影响场、地震烈度区划图的正确使用和建设场地的地震安全性评价关系等问题。     

Quantifying flow–ecology relationships with functional linear models

Abstract

Hydrologic metrics have been used widely to quantify flow-ecology relationships; however, there are several challenges associated with their use, including the selection from a large number of available metrics and the limitation that metrics are a synthetic measure of a multi-dimensional flow regime. Using two case studies of fish species density and community composition, we illustrate the use of functional linear models to provide new insights into flow–ecology relationships and predict the expected impact of environmental flow scenarios, without relying on hydrologic metrics. The models identified statistically significant relationships to river flow over the 12 months prior to sampling (r² range 36–67%) and an environmental flow scenario that may enhance native species’ densities while controlling a non-native species. Hydrologic metrics continue to play an important role in ecohydrology and environmental flow management; however, functional linear models provide an approach that overcomes some of the limitations associated with their use.

Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Guest editor M. Acreman

Citation Stewart-Koster, B., Olden, J.D., and Gido, K.B., 2014. Quantifying flow–ecology relationships with functional linear models. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 59 (3–4), 629–644.     

Influence of the pore structure and surface chemical properties of activated carbon on the adsorption of mercury from aqueous solutions

Reactivation and chemical modification were used to obtain modified activated carbons with different pore structure and surface chemical properties. The samples were characterized by nitrogen absorption–desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the Bothem method. Using mercury chloride as the target pollutant, the Hg²⁺ adsorption ability of samples was investigated. The results show that the Hg²⁺ adsorption capacity of samples increased significantly with increases in micropores and acidic functional groups and that the adsorption process was exothermic. Different models and thermodynamic parameters were evaluated to establish the mechanisms. It was concluded that the adsorption occurred through a monolayer mechanism by a two-speed process involving both rapid adsorption and slow adsorption. The adsorption rate was determined by chemical reaction.     

渭南市地震小区划地震工程地质分区

渭南市位于华北地台鄂尔多斯地块南缘渭河断陷盆地中西部,固市凹陷西南缘,地貌单元主要为渭河漫滩和Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级阶地。通过钻孔勘探、剪切波速测试、地基土的物理力学性质及地脉动测试,结合场地地下水等资料,将小区划场地划分为四个Ⅰ级工程地质亚区和九个II级工程地质段,从而为地震小区划场地设计地震动参数和评价场地地震地质灾害提供基础资料。     

Wavelet-based correlation (WBC) of zoned crystal populations and magma mixing

Magma mixing is a common process and yet the rates, kinematics and numbers of events are difficult to establish. One expression of mixing is the major, trace element, and isotopic zoning in crystals, which provides a sequential but non-monotonic record of the creation and dissipation of volumes of distinct chemical potential. We demonstrate a wavelet-based correlation (WBC) technique that uses this zoning for the recognition of the minimum number of mixing, or open-system events, and the criteria for identifying populations of crystals that have previously shared a mixing event. When combined with field observations of the spatial distribution of crystal populations, WBC provides a statistical link between the time-varying thermodynamic and fluid dynamic history of the magmatic system. WBC can also be used as a data mining utility to reveal open-system events where outcrop is sparse. An analysis of zoned plagioclase from the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite provides a proof of principle for WBC.     

Ground Motion Zoning of Santiago de Cuba: An Approach by SH Waves Modelling

— The expected ground motion in Santiago de Cuba basin from earthquakes which occurred in the Oriente fault zone is studied. Synthetic SH-waves seismograms have been calculated along four profiles in the basin by the hybrid approach (modal summation for the path source-profile and finite differences for the profile) for a maximum frequency of 1 Hz. The response spectra ratio (RSR) has been determined in 49 sites, distributed along all considered profiles with a spacing of 900 m. The corresponding RSR versus frequency curves have been classified using a logical-combinatorial algorithm. The results of the classification, in combination with the uppermost geological setting (geotechnical information and geological geometry of the subsoil) are used for the seismic zoning of the city. Three different main zones are identified, and a small sector characterized by major resonance effects, due to the particular structural conditions. Each zone is characterized in terms of its expected ground motion parameters for the most probable strong earthquake (M_S=7), and for the maximum possible (M_S=8).     

多功能防旱剂的应用研究

田间试验表明 ,冬小麦喷施多功能防旱剂后 ,能够增大叶片的气孔阻力 ,减少植株蒸腾 ,从而使耗水量减小 ,并能延缓叶片的衰老 ,延长小麦灌浆时间 ;叶片离体失水速率变小 ,保水能力增强 ;灌浆速率、产量和水分利用效率提高 ,经济效益十分明显 ,具有推广价值 .     

基于GIS技术的江西省雷电灾害风险区划

利用2010—2019年江西省闪电定位监测数据、地理信息数据和社会经济数据,基于GIS技术、自然灾害风险评估方法和层次分析法等方法,从致灾因子、孕灾环境、承灾体3个方面,开展雷电灾害风险区划的研究,并形成江西省雷电灾害风险区划。结果表明：江西省雷电灾害的极高风险区和高风险区主要分布在南昌市、宜春市、新余市、上饶市、吉安市大部分地区和赣州小部分地区,中风险区和低风险区主要分布在九江市、萍乡市和抚州市大部分地区,该区划结果与江西省近10 a雷灾造成的人员伤亡情况大致吻合。     

外电场作用下D-甘油酸分子的结构和光谱研究

采用密度泛函（DFT） B3LYP方法在6-311G基组上优化了不同外电场作用下D-甘油酸分子的基态几何结构、电偶极矩和分子的总能量,并在此基础上利用含时密度泛函（TD-DFT）方法在相同基组下探讨了各电场情况下D-甘油酸分子前6个激发态的激发能、波长和振子强度与外电场大小的关系.结果表明：分子的几何构型在外电场F=0.003 a.u.时会发生明显的变化,当外电场强度F=0.003 a.u.时,分子总能量骤然下降,电偶极矩骤然上升,其紫外吸收峰也出现明显的红移.当电场继续增加时,上述指标重新回到正常水平,骤变消失.