Solution of dynamic Green׳s function for unsaturated soil under internal excitation

The closed form three-dimensional Green׳s function of a semi-infinite unsaturated poroelastic medium subjected to an arbitrary internal harmonic loading is derived, with consideration of capillary pressure and dynamic shear modulus varying with saturation. By applying the Fourier expansion techniques and Hankel integral transforms to the circumferential and radial coordinates, respectively, the general solution for the governing partial differential equations is obtained in the transformed domain. A corresponding boundary value problem is formulated. The integral solutions for the induced displacements, pore pressure and net stress are then determined considering the continuity conditions. The formulas are compared with the degenerated solution of saturated soils and confirmed. Numerical results reveal that the response of the unsaturated half-space depends significantly on the saturation by altering dynamic shear modulus to account for the effects of matric suction on soil stiffness. Slight differences between the results occur if only the saturation is taken into account. Moreover, a large source-depth results in a pronounced contribution to the reduction of surface displacement amplitudes. The analytical solutions concluded in the study offer a broader application to dynamic response associated with axi-symmetric and asymmetric conditions.     

Oblique wave scattering by undulating porous bottom in a two-layer fluid: Fourier transform approach

The problem involving scattering of oblique waves by small undulation on the porous ocean bed in a two-layer fluid is investigated within the framework of linearised theory of water waves where the upper layer is free to the atmosphere. In such a two-layer fluid, there exist waves with two different wave numbers (modes): wave with lower wave number propagates along the free surface whilst that with higher wave number propagates along the interface. When an oblique incident wave of a particular mode encounters the undulating bottom, it gets reflected and transmitted into waves of both modes so that some of the wave energy transferred from one mode to another mode. Perturbation analysis in conjunction with Fourier transform technique is used to derive the first-order corrections of velocity potentials, reflection and transmission coefficients at both modes due to oblique incident waves of both modes. One special type of undulating bottom topography is considered as an example to evaluate the related coefficients in detail. These coefficients are shown in graphical forms to demonstrate the transformation of water wave energy between the two modes. Comparisons between the present results with those in the literature are made for particular cases and the agreements are found to be satisfactory. In addition, energy identity, an important relation in the study of water wave theory, is derived with the help of the Green’s integral theorem.     

2012年印尼8.6级地震应变地震波的Hilbert-Huang时频分析

本文通过端点效应压制的Hilbert-Huang变换, 对大同及沁源台布置的四分量钻孔应变仪记录的印尼8.6级地震激发的应变地震波形进行时频分析, 结果显示印尼8.6级地震的主震和8.2级余震的应变地震波序列各个震相具有不同的时频特征: ① 地震波到达之前的所谓“环境噪声”部分, 瞬时频率低, 瞬时振幅小; ② P波初至时, 高频成分突然增加, 振幅也随即增强; ③ S波到达时, 频率有所降低而振幅剧烈上升; ④ 面波到达时, 振幅进一步剧烈上升达到整个序列的极大值; ⑤ 尾波部分振幅逐渐降低, 但与噪声部分相比频率依然偏高, 振幅依然偏大。 本文也将应变地震波与地震仪记录的地震波进行对比, 虽然应变地震波与地震波波形和Fourier谱具有极高的相关系数, 但从Hilbert-Huang变换得到的边际谱上看, 应变地震波与地震波有显著的区别, 应变地震波比地震波记录的低频成分相对更多。 通过Hilbert谱, 有助于更好地了解非平稳信号的局部特征, 对于突变信号的地震波, Hilbert-Huang变换是一个较好的时频分析工具。     

傅里叶变换在深州井资料处理中的应用

深州井水位日常观测中,经常会因为仪器供电不稳、雷击等原因出现一些幅度很大的脉冲、突跳及数据缺测,严重影响了观测资料的内在质量。本文采用数字信号处理技术[1]对深州井水位资料进行分析处理,首先使用分段线性插值法对缺测数据进行插值处理,然后用快速傅里叶变换对水位数据进行频谱分析,绘制振幅谱,分析水位数据中的不同周期成分,选取恰当的截止频率进行滤波处理,去除了干扰,获得了井水位的变化动态,提高了资料质量。最后应用滤波后的水位数据做一些震例分析。     

GPS遥感大气可降水量在大连地区3次降水过程中的应用

利用大连市气象局地基GPS/MET观测网大气可降水量（PWV）数据,分析2011年大连瓦房店、庄河和长海地区降水天气过程PWV的变化特征及其与降水量和降水强度的关系,在此基础上通过分析物理量场和天气系统,探讨大尺度水汽输送、辐合与PWV变化的关系及GPS在暴雨天气中的应用。结果表明：PWV的增长方式受当地天气系统的支配和制约,对一次明显的降水过程,从开始至结束PWV的变化与降水量有明显的相关性。当有水汽由南向北输送时,PWV在降水开始前逐渐增长,当地面及高空有大范围的水汽辐合且高空比湿值大于10 g·kg^-1时,PWV显著增长（降水开始前4-5 h）,主要降水时段与PWV峰值相对应,同时PWV的增幅大小与降水强度有明显的关系。     

基于傅里叶变换的频谱分析法在X射线轮胎检测中的应用

子午线轮胎的缺陷检测方法比较多,频谱分析法是基于频域的图像分析方法,其主要功能是获取图像在频域中的纹理特征。傅里叶变换能够将时域的信号分解为频域各频率分量下之和,即分解为各个频率下的谱。然后通过对得到的频谱进行图像处理,判断轮胎有无缺陷。实验证明使用基于傅里叶变换的频谱分析法进行子午线轮胎缺陷检测可以大幅降低工作量,提高轮胎检测效率。     

短时单频脉冲震源的海洋浅地层剖面资料频移处理

采用短时单频脉冲震源的浅地层剖面,记录的波形数据空间假频较严重。因其信号具有频率高、频带窄的特征,通常利用Hiibert变换提取瞬时振幅属性（信号包络）供解释使用。但瞬时振幅均为正值,在进行构造解释时不方便使用。本文提出在对浅层剖面资料提取瞬时振幅的基础上,计算瞬时振幅的微分并配合滤波的方法,实现高频窄带浅地层剖面资料的一种频移处理。该方法把高频窄带的多周期信号变为低频带宽的单周期信号,有效扩展了倍频程并消除假频。应用在南海浅地层剖面资料处理中,资料处理后更利于构造解释。     

Structural modal parameter identification and damage diagnosis based on Hilbert-Huang transform

Traditional modal parameter identifi cation methods have many disadvantages,especially when used for processing nonlinear and non-stationary signals.In addition,they are usually not able to accurately identify the damping ratio and damage.In this study,methods based on the Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT) are investigated for structural modal parameter identifi cation and damage diagnosis.First,mirror extension and prediction via a radial basis function(RBF) neural network are used to restrain the troublesome end-effect issue in empirical mode decomposition(EMD),which is a crucial part of HHT.Then,the approaches based on HHT combined with other techniques,such as the random decrement technique(RDT),natural excitation technique(NExT) and stochastic subspace identifi cation(SSI),are proposed to identify modal parameters of structures.Furthermore,a damage diagnosis method based on the HHT is also proposed.Time-varying instantaneous frequency and instantaneous energy are used to identify the damage evolution of the structure.The relative amplitude of the Hilbert marginal spectrum is used to identify the damage location of the structure.Finally,acceleration records at gauge points from shaking table testing of a 12-story reinforced concrete frame model are taken to validate the proposed approaches.The results show that the proposed approaches based on HHT for modal parameter identifi cation and damage diagnosis are reliable and practical.     

基于LSSVM-ARMA模型的基坑变形时间序列预测

如何准确预测和控制基坑变形是基坑工程的一个难点,提出了一种基于小波变换、粒子群优化的最小二乘支持向量机（PSO-LSSVM）和自回归移动平均模型（ARMA）的基坑变形时间序列预测方法。首先,利用小波变换将基坑变形时间序列分解和重构为2个子序列--趋势时间序列和随机时间序列,在该基础上,采用PSO-LSSVM模型与ARMA模型分别预测趋势时间序列与随机时间序列未来值,将2个子序列的预测值求和作为最终预测结果。最后,将该方法应用于昆明某基坑工程的深层水平位移预测,不断地利用前期工况的最新实测数据建模,对后期工况未来变形量进行滚动预测,获得了令人满意的结果。     

地震与核爆识别的小波包分量比方法

频谱分析法在核爆与地震识别中具有广泛的应用．但是频谱分析方法是稳态方法,即使采用Gabor变换,也因时-频窗口形状不变而分辨串较低．为提高时-频分辨率,本文将小波变换理论用于乌鲁木齐台记录的地震与核爆事件的分析,并提出了识别核爆和天然地震的小波包分量比判据．通过对加拿大黄刀地震台记录的印度地下核爆的分析,进一步验证了小波包分量比判据对核爆和地震的识别具有较高的识别效率．结果表明：对于地震信号,其小波包分量比U03/U1一般都大于1.0,而对于核爆信号,比值U03／U13一般都小于1.0.