基于GIS的县域农林产业空间分布探索性分析

探索性空间分析从统计和图形图表的角度帮助人们更好地认识与理解数据,挖掘出数据的价值。以云浮市郁南县域内农林产业的分布及面积数据为例,基于GIS平台,利用ArcGIS中的探索性空间分析工具对农林业面积的空间特征进行了分析。研究结果表明:县域内东南部分布的农林业点数较密集,而西北部分布的农林业斑块面积较大,农林业点在道路、水源及城镇附近分布密集;距离道路、城镇和水源的远近从不同方面对农林业面积在空间上的分布产生了影响;荔枝和龙眼的面积在空间上显示出正关联性;但农林产业的斑块面积在空间上不具有相关性。     

Forest cover change and land tenure change in Mexico’s avocado region: Is community forestry related to reduced deforestation for high value crops?

Forest cover change in highland pine-oak forests of Michoacan, Mexico is due to a process of conversion of natural forests to avocado orchards. Privately-owned avocado orchards are found on land that was common forest before the 1992 Reform of the Mexican Constitution. We ask how forest cover change was facilitated by policy changes that affected land tenure rules and existing community forestry programs. We use a comparative case study of four communities, an analysis of forest cover change, and interviews and household surveys. Results show that 33.1% of forest cover was lost over a 16-year-period across the region. However, two forestry case study communities lost 7.2% and 15.1% of forest cover, while two adjacent non-forestry communities lost 86.5% and 92.4%, respectively. Interview data show that the Reform of Article 27 combined with the 1992 Forestry Law led to collapse of local governance, illegal division of common forests, and illegal logging in the two non-forestry communities.     

History of forestry in a central Norwegian boreal forest landscape: Examples from Nordli,Nord-Tr⊘ndelag

Analysing forest history is crucial to understanding how shifting harvesting methods have different effects on forest landscape structure. Two main harvesting regimes in a Norwegian boreal forest landscape over a period of 150 years were detected by the study. A homogeneous impact regime resulting from selective logging changed the forest structure by logging the oldest and largest trees evenly throughout the forest, resulting in a homogeneous landscape structure. However, population growth in the 19th century led to a substantial increase in traditional subsistence forestry to obtain building materials, firewood, etc. The most intensive stage of this regime started in c.1860 when farmers began selling logging contracts to companies and timber traders. Despite this being termed a homogeneous landscape impact, the actual exploitation of the forest was strongly influenced by local factors such as the location of farms, summer farms, lakes, and rivers. Clear-cutting from the 1950s has resulted in a new heterogeneous impact regime, giving a landscape structure dominated by patches of even-aged stands. This regime still predominates. The analysis is based on a study of Nordli and the Sand?la drainage basin in Nord-Tr?ndelag. Such studies should give a better understanding of the interaction between natural ecological conditions in and human impact on boreal forest landscapes.     

加强地勘单位人力资源管理的几点看法

《关于加强地质工作的决定》出台后,新疆煤田地质局制定了《“十一五”人才发展规划》。本文结合新疆煤田地质局156队人才队伍结构、整合利用及考评等现状,指出煤田地质人才队伍建设要以人为本．在关注人才物质需要的同时,更要关注其精神需求,营建人才成长的优越环境和良好的企业文化。具体措施方面提出了应建立有效的激励约束机制和切实可行的绩效评估体系与分配机制,以吸引人才、留住人才,改变一线队伍不稳定的局面,实现该局人才发展规划和“3551”经济发展目标。     

Is REDD+ effective,efficient, and equitable? Learning from a REDD+ project in Northern Cambodia

REDD+ is a global scale climate change mitigation program aiming at creating financial values for carbon stored in forests. According to the proponents, REDD+ is an effective, efficient, and equitable mechanism for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. Some scholars question this assumption, and some call for further analysis to understand how REDD+ can contribute to economic, environmental, and social goals, and what are the synergies and trade-offs between them. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate about whether REDD+ projects can be brought to accommodate economic (efficiency), environmental (effectiveness), and social (equity) concerns at the same time by drawing on own field results from a REDD+ project in Cambodia. The paper follows three tracks. The first is to develop and explain the conceptual and analytical framework for our empirical investigations. The second is to explain the field results. The third track is to discuss what general lessons can be learnt. Our case illustrates some of the mechanisms that are likely to work against the willingness and ability of REDD+ projects to ensure local people’s net-gains, and the risk that effectiveness and equity will suffer if REDD+ projects rely solely on the private market. Our case thus indicates a tension between the objectives of creating financial value from carbon stored in trees through the private market, and environmental and social equity concerns. However, we call for more comparative studies of REDD+ projects, and hope our conceptual framework can assist such studies.     

探空资料后续处理程序

介绍了自行开发的探空资料后续处理程序的设计思路和主要模块功能。程序实现了测报质量自动统计、探空原始资料上传和光学经纬仪与701雷达对比观测数据处理程序化等功能,使高空探测业务工作在规范化、自动化方面更进一步。     

Geological heritage sites in South Australia

Beginning in 1966, research by the Geological Heritage Subcommittee of the South Australian Division of the Geological Society of Australia has identified over 450 geologically significant areas in the State, including those important or teaching and research. This work was partly funded from the National Estate Grants Program. In March 2008, Geological Monuments in South Australia, Parts 1–9 was published as a DVD in a joint project of the Geological Heritage Subcommittee and Primary Industries and Resources South Australia (now Department of State Development). Selection of sites for designation as places with geological heritage status was initially focussed on the settled areas of the State where threats from residential and other development were greatest. An objective assessment system was devised for Part 9 of this record to identify sites which best illustrated the geological features displayed in the remote and vast area of the South Australian portion of the Lake Eyre Drainage Basin. An initial review identified 96 sites with heritage potential. These were then assessed in terms of the presence or otherwise of seven criteria considered to be essential attributes for heritage status. Each of these potential sites was then ranked on a merit scale of the quality of each of the attributes present. A score of the percentage of the maximum points available at each site was calculated. Of the 96 potential sites assessed, 24 recorded a score of 67% or more, and the remainder scored well below this figure.     

海南岛森林资源的特点及林业可持续发展对策

分析了海南岛森林资源的特点,指出林业生产存在的主要问题。根据其特点,构建森林资源可持续经营管理的基本模式,并对海南林业可持续发展提出相应的对策。     

沉积成矿系列研究的新进展

沉积成矿系列强调沉积矿产组合与其成因关系、区域分布、在特定地质时代中的发育以及大地构造格局之间的关联性。本专题的研究成果是为沉积矿产资源的战略规划服务的。本文讨论了四方面的问题:(1)沉积成矿系列7大类型和形成因素;(2)中国大陆的7个沉积成矿系列区域;(3)从元古宙到第四纪沉积成矿系列对比的6大时代段;(4)关于沉积成矿系列集聚的两大主要控制作用。     

应用fx－3800P计算岩矿分析允许相对双差

在ｆｘ３８００Ｐ计算器上编制了计算程序，不仅可以简便运算岩矿分析允许相对双差，依次显示修正系数Ｃ、测定结果Ｘ、允许相对双差值Ｙ等主要参数，且可以直接获得《地质矿产实验室质量管理规范》附表Ｂ中的全部内容