乳山金矿煌斑岩及流体和氢、氧、锶同位素研究

乳山金矿床是胶东近年来探明的一个赋存在花岗岩中的石英脉型金矿床。矿出露的煌斑岩金含量较低，不可能是金矿化的重要物源者。     

A discussion on the amplitude ratios of PP and P waves for earthquakes with different focal mechanisms

Using the WKBJ approximation method we calculate the synthetic teleseismograms of P and PP waves to match the observed ones of six large Chinese earthquakes with known focal mechanisms: Tibet earthquake of July 14, 1973; Haicheng earthquake of February 4, 1975; Songpan earthquakes of August 16, 1976, August 21, 1976 and August 23, 1976 and Nignhe earthquake of November 15, 1976. The focal mechanism of the Tibet earthquake is discussed to examine the technique used in the calculation. We note that the amplitude ratios of PP and P waves (A _PP/A _P) have different characteristics for dip—slip events and strike—slip events within certain epicentral distances. We calculate the synthetic teleseismograms of P and PP waves for the strike—slip and dip—slip events with fault angles of 330°, 240° and 0°, focal depths of 8 km, 17 km and 24 km, at the assumed station with an azimuth of 310° and epicentral distances from 40°; to 80°. The diagrams of maximum amplitude ratios of PP and P waves (A _PP/A _P) versus distances are given. The possibility to use the (A _PP/A _P) values to give an approximate estimation for the focal mechanism type is discussed. This work may be useful for determining the focal mechanism type for those earthquakes which have only few records such as the Chinese earthquakes from the 1930s to 1960s. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 150–160, 1991.     

农村建设用地低效利用的影响因素分析——以广州市天河区和白云区为例

在调查问卷与实地访谈基础上,利用有序Probit模型探究广州市天河区及白云区农村建设用地低效利用的影响因素。结果表明:位置、产权、产业、历史、基础设施、审批、经营、管理、利益分配及经济形势等因素构成经济快速发展地区城乡结合部农村低效建设用地形成机制的因素群组,位置、产业、产权、历史、基础设施及审批等因素是影响农村低效建设用地形成最为强烈的关键因素。通过建设城乡统一的土地市场,加快集体土地确权登记颁证,制定农村低效建设用地认定标准与程序,积极稳妥解决历史遗留问题,加强二次开发利用的监管及简化审批流程。     

2010年10月24日周口太康MS4．6地震的震源机制解

利用河南省区域地震台网的近震波形资料,采用近震时间域方法,反演2010年10月24日16点58分太康 MS 4．6地震的地震矩张量,结果显示,该地震为走滑型地震。结合震后灾害考察,认为太康地震发生在周口-太康断裂上。     

东海陆坡海底块体运动地形分析方法

随着油气资源开发向深水区发展,迫切需要采用一定的方法去了解块体运动的特征以及分析块体运动对深水油气资源开发的可能性.本文阐述了东海陆坡块体运动地形分析方法以及多种数据处理技术的使用.多波束测深系统为人们提供了直观的海底地貌形态特征,地层剖面仪系统能探测海底以下沉积物性质和结构的变化.GIS、Fledermaus、Delph等软件系统可以定量分析海底微地貌形态特征.     

Reconstruction of the Cenozoic deformation of the Bohai Bay Basin,North China

A well‐constrained plate deformation model may lead to an improved understanding of sedimentary basin formation and the connection between subduction history and over‐riding plate deformation. Building quantitative models of basin kinematics and deformation remains challenging often due to the lack of comprehensive constraints. The Bohai Bay Basin (BBB) is an important manifestation of the destruction of the North China Craton, and records the plate kinematic history of East Asia during the Cenozoic. Although a number of interpretations of the formation of the BBB have been proposed, few quantitative basin reconstruction models have been built to test and refine previous ideas. Here, we developed a quantitative deformation reconstruction of the BBB constrained with balanced cross‐sections and structural, stratigraphic and depositional age data. Our reconstruction suggests that the basin formation process was composed of three main stages: Paleocene‐early Eocene (65–42 Ma) extension initiation, middle Eocene‐early Oligocene (42–32.8 Ma) extension climax and post‐Oligocene (32.8–0 Ma) post‐extensional subsidence. The deformation of the BBB is spatially heterogeneous, and its velocity directions rotated clockwise during the basin formation process. The reconstruction supports the interpretation that the BBB formed via strike‐slip faulting and orthogonal extension and that the basin is classified as a composite extensional‐transtensional basin. We argue that the clockwise rotation of the basin velocity field was driven by the counter‐clockwise rotation in the direction of Pacific Plate subduction. The kinematics of the BBB imply that the Pacific Plate may have been sufficiently coupled to the over‐riding East Asian Plate during the critical period of Pacific Plate reorganization. The new reconstruction provides a quantitative basis for studies of deformation processes not only in the vicinity of the BBB, but also more broadly throughout East Asia.     

库水位变化下某泄洪洞进口高边坡的稳定性分析

在分析库水位变化与岸坡稳定性的一般规律的基础上,对某水库泄洪洞进口高边坡变形机理进行分析。然后计算分析不同水位升降条件下,蓄水＋暴雨、地震、地震＋地下水作用等三种工况的稳定性系数,确定危险警戒水位,并预测未来蓄水及库水位下降情况下泄洪洞进口边坡稳定性与库水位的关系,为蓄水后的边坡防治提供必要的理论依据。     

基于统计动力反演的东亚亚热带季风变化驱动机制研究

利用观测数据,运用非线性统计-动力学方法,反演系统各因子之间的相互关系,建立了东亚亚热带季风变化的动力方程,为研究东亚亚热带季风的驱动机制提供了量化参考。研究发现：过去2 000 a东亚亚热带季风是多因子通过反馈机制相互作用影响且具有耦合效应的复杂非线性动力系统,其驱动力主要来源于普若岗日冰芯δ¹⁸О代表的青藏高原热力作用强迫、太阳黑子活动、ENSO、温室气体单因子CO₂和CH₄浓度、北极温度和CH₄及北极温度与7月太阳辐射的耦合作用机制;反馈调节作用主要源于7月太阳辐射与太阳黑子活动、CH₄浓度、中国陆地地表温、CH₄与7月太阳辐射以及CO₂和CH₄的耦合调节作用。并通过动力反演机制推论热带西太平洋对亚热带季风有一定驱动作用,但并不是主要驱动力,即驱动亚热带季风变化的主源地并不在热带西太平洋海区,石笋δ¹⁸О指代的也主要是夏季风信息。     

湘东北栗山铜铅锌多金属矿床热液萤石稀土元素地球化学特征及其指示意义

江南造山带中段幕阜山地区栗山大型铜铅锌多金属矿床中伴生规模可观的萤石资源, 储量达41.5万t。该区萤石形成过程与机制尚缺乏有效约束, 制约了对其矿床成因机制的认识和找矿实践。本文通过栗山绿色、紫色及蓝色萤石组构分析、荧光测试和ICP-MS微量元素含量分析, 探讨栗山矿床成矿过程与物理化学环境。岩相学与矿相学证据指示栗山热液活动可划分为四个阶段: 乳白色石英+少量绿色萤石(Ⅰ), 蓝色、紫色萤石+石英+绿泥石+金属硫化物阶段(Ⅱ), 石英+绿色萤石+绿泥石+金属硫化物阶段(Ⅲ)以及石英+方解石阶段(Ⅳ)。各颜色萤石Diamond View荧光测试结果显示深紫色萤石荧光最弱, 蓝色萤石次之, 绿色萤石荧光最强。绿色萤石的∑REE高于蓝色、紫色萤石, 且绿色萤石LREE相对富集而蓝色、紫色萤石HREE相对富集, 表明成矿Ⅱ阶段至Ⅲ阶段成矿温度整体降低且pH值升高。Tb/Ca-Tb/La以及Y/Ho-La/Ho图解指示不同颜色萤石属同源岩浆流体和大气降水产物, 栗山萤石的沉淀机制主要为水岩反应并伴随流体混合。

     

松辽盆地三肇凹陷葡萄花油层油-水分布规律及控制因素

基于近4500口探井和开发井动态及静态资料,对三肇凹陷葡萄花油层平面和纵向油-水分布规律进行了研究,发现南、北区油-水分布存在差异.北区油主要分布在断裂密集带上,断裂带之间的构造低部位断层密度低,主要富集水,垂向上具有下水上油的分布特征;南区油大面积连片,垂向上具有全井纯油的特征.造成这种差异的原因是南、北区断层成因机制不同导致控藏机理的根本不同.北区断裂为构造成因,是在近东两向拉张应力场中受斜向裂陷作用影响形成的张扭断裂密集带,断裂活动诱导超压释放和流体排放,油源供给不足;南区发育非构造成因的多边断层,超握诱导断层活动释放流体,油源供给充足.