HPLC指纹图谱技术用于市售刺参质量评价初探

以10批不同产地刺参HPLC指纹图谱中的6个共有峰为评价指标,结合相似度分析,对不同刺参质量进行评价和检验。结果表明:不同批次刺参样品的6个色谱峰在指纹图谱分析过程中色谱行为相同,峰面积大,特征性强,能反映刺参的固有化学特征。结合相似度分析,可用于刺参质量评价。     

微量元素“指纹”研究及在泰山玉鉴定中的应用—以甘肃省武山县鸳鸯玉为例

在开展泰山玉鉴定"指纹"研究中,系统采集了全国蛇纹石玉产地样品,对微量元素进行了测试,发现不同产地样品和泰山玉微量元素之间,有着类似于人类"指纹"的差异,可以用以鉴定泰山玉。该文以甘肃省武山县鸳鸯玉为例,利用中国超镁铁质岩元素平均丰度值,对两个产地样品的微量元素含量值进行标准化并作蛛网图进行对比,认为V,Sc,Sb,Tl,Zn等5个元素在两个产地样品中有着普遍的差异性;可作为鉴定两地玉石的"指纹"依据。其他产地蛇纹石玉和泰山玉之间,也因产出地质环境的差异,可用微量元素"指纹"与泰山玉进行区别。     

Oscarella balibaloi,a new sponge species (Homoscleromorpha: Plakinidae) from the Western Mediterranean Sea: cytological description,reproductive cycle and ecology

A new homoscleromorph sponge species was observed for the first time in 2002 along the coast of Provence (France) and since then, several investigations have been implemented. The new homoscleromorph species is devoid of skeleton and it is thus related to the Oscarella genus. Oscarella balibaloi sp. nov. has been found in several littoral submarine caves of the Western Mediterranean Sea (France and Spain). After several years of monitoring, we show that this sponge is becoming abundant in several locations. The species has a peculiar habit, often overgrowing massive sponges, gorgonians or some erected bryozoans. Oscarella balibaloi sp. nov. is thinly encrusting, with an irregular morphology, lobate surface, and soft and very slimy consistency. Its color is white to orange. At the cytological level, this new species is characterized by three distinct types of cells with inclusions in its mesohyl: one with vacuoles and the others with paracrystalline inclusions. The reproduction pattern is very similar to other Oscarella species. We also present a specific metabolic fingerprint and compare it to that of other Mediterranean Oscarella species.     

油藏色谱指纹非均质性形成机理及其稳定性实验模拟

从油田开发动态地球化学监测的基本地质概念模型出发，应用油藏流体非均质性理论，分析了不同地质时期原油色谱指纹变化的地质因素。通过指纹GC／MS鉴定和实验模拟地下不同温度和不同时间的开采条件，分析了油藏开采过程中色谱指纹的变化规律。结果表明：原油色谱指纹稳定性主要和化合物的性质、含量以及色谱柱分离度有关。油藏开采过程中，适当碳数范围内的原油色谱指纹在井底和井口的不同温度条件下以及同一单层在一定的观测时间范围内具有稳定性。研究结果对进一步开拓原油色谱指纹在油田开发管理中的应用具有重要的理论价值。     

Fingerprinting of soil organic matter as a proxy for assessing climate and vegetation changes in last interglacial palaeosols (Veldwezelt, Belgium)

Soil characteristics in palaeosols are an important source of information on past climate and vegetation. Fingerprinting of soil organic matter (SOM) by pyrolysis-GC/MS is assessed as a proxy for palaeo-reconstruction in the complex of humic layers on top of the Rocourt pedosequence in the Veldwezelt-Hezerwater outcrop (Belgian loess belt). The fingerprints of the extractable SOM of different soil units are related to total organic carbon content, δ¹³C and grain-size analysis. Combined results indicate that the lower unit of the humic complex reflects a stable soil surface, allowing SOM build-up, intensive microbial activity and high decomposition. Higher in the profile, decomposition and microbial activity decrease. This is supported by a shift in the isotopic signal, an increased U ratio and evidence of wildfires. Although the chemical composition of the extracted SOM differed greatly from recent SOM, fingerprinting yielded detailed new information on SOM degree of decomposition and microbial contribution, allowing the reconstruction of palaeo-environmental conditions during pedogenesis.     

WiFi指纹定位中AP个数对定位精度的影响

基于RSSI的WiFi指纹定位算法离线建立指纹数据库阶段受AP个数影响,因此AP个数也将影响到指纹定位算法精度。为了探究AP个数对定位精度的影响,文中在室内环境下进行实验,选取不同的AP进行基于RSSI的WiFi指纹定位实验和分析,定位精度和可靠性作为定位结果的衡量指标。实验结果表明:在单个办公室内,5~6个AP时定位精度较高且定位结果可靠性达到最高。     

A map-matching algorithm dealing with sparse cellular fingerprint observations

ABSTRACT

The widespread availability of mobile communication makes mobile devices a resource for the collection of data about mobile infrastructures and user mobility. In these contexts, the problem of reconstructing the most likely trajectory of a device on the road network on the basis of the sequence of observed locations (map-matching problem) turns out to be particularly relevant. Different contributions have demonstrated that the reconstruction of the trajectory of a device with good accuracy is technically feasible even when only a sparse set of GNSS positions is available. In this paper, we face the problem of coping with sparse sequences of cellular fingerprints. Compared to GNSS positions, cellular fingerprints provide coarser spatial information, but they work even when a device is missing GNSS positions or is operating in an energy saving mode. We devise a new map-matching algorithm, that exploits the well-known Hidden Markov Model and Random Forests to successfully deal with noisy and sparse cellular observations. The performance of the proposed solution has been tested over a medium-sized Italian city urban environment by varying both the sampling of the observations and the density of the fingerprint map as well as by including some GPS positions into the sequence of fingerprint observations.     

一种高效的适用于遥感影像的内容安全保护方案

基于JFD框架,利用基于选择性内容加密的加解密策略提高加密安全性,以及基于结构失真度选择指纹嵌入区域,以降低指纹嵌入对图像质量的影响,为此提出了一种新的指纹生成控制方法,使指纹图像具有良好的抗合谋攻击性。实验结果证明了本文方案的有效性。     

基于几何聚类指纹库的约束KNN室内定位模型

针对室内环境基于RSSI定位不稳定问题,提出了以几何信息改进基于指纹库的KNN定位算法。根据室内几何布局建立了聚类指纹库,提出了表征点位几何特性的点散发性强度(geometric strength of sporad-ic, GSS)概念。利用最邻近样本点的GSS判别移动终端所在参考点RP控制网结构以动态选择KNN关键参数K,构建最佳多边形为约束准则自适应选取后K- 1个邻近点,建立了基于几何聚类指纹库的约束加权KNN室内定位模型。结果表明,改进后定位模型可以更好地估计终端位置信息,其中几何聚类指纹库是改善定位准确性的关键,约束KNN能够有效地提高室内定位精度。     

一种基于模糊判别的指纹识别算法

利用模糊判别技术提出了一种指纹识别方法，改进了Anil Jain等提出的细节匹配算法，有效地解决了图像质量很差时经常检测到很多伪细结点而丢掉很多真细结点、细节匹配难有大作为的情况。该算法有较强的抵抗噪声与非线性形变的能力。