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101.
pek elen‐Erdem 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2020,48(3)
The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of sludge digester effluent as feeding solution to enrich anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria. The performance of the two parallel pilot scale‐upflow packed bed anammox reactors (UPBAn1 and UPBAn2) are examined in terms of the enrichment of anammox bacteria. The control experiment is set up conducting synthetic wastewater as feeding solution in the UPBAn1 reactor whereas, the sludge digester effluent is fed to the nitritation reactor and then the partially nitrated digester effluent to the UPBAn2 reactor. Anammox activities are evaluated by mass balances based on ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2?), and nitrate (NO3?) analysis and NRR. Microbial community of anammox bacteria is analyzed using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results demonstrate that UPBAn 1 and UPBAn2 reactors are successfully enriched on days 64 and 40 with NRRs of 19.54 and 19.43 g N m?3 per day, respectively. This study reveals that both synthetic wastewater and digester effluent are suitable for the enrichment of anammox bacteria; however, digester effluent as feeding solution for enrichment of anammox bacteria based on the ease of process control and process stability is more advisable. 相似文献
102.
南海东北部冷泉区沉积物中有机质来源的生物标志物分析与环境指示意义 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Multi-biomarker indexes were analyzed for two piston cores from potential cold seep areas of the South China Sea off southwestern Taiwan. Total organic carbon(TOC) normalized terrestrial(n-alkanes) and marine(brassicasterol, dinosterol, alkenones and iso-GDGTs) biomarker contents and ratios(TMBR, 1/Pmar-aq, BIT) were used to evaluate the contributions of terrestrial and marine organic matter(TOM and MOM respectively) to the sedimentary organic matter, indicating that MOM dominated the organic sources in Core MD052911 and the sedimentary organic matter in Core ORI-_(86)0-22 was mainly derived from terrestrial inputs, and different morphologies were the likely reason for TOM percentage differences. BIT results suggested that river-transported terrestrial soil organic matter was not a major source of TOM of sedimentary organic matter around these settings.Diagnostic biomarkers for methane-oxidizing archaea(MOA) were only detected in one sample at 172 cm depth of Core ORI-_(86)0-22, with abnormally high iso-GDGTs content and Methane Index(MI) value(0.94). These results indicated high anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM) activities at or around 172 cm in Core ORI-_(86)0-22.However in Core MD052911, MOA biomarkers were not detected and MI values were lower(0.19–0.38), indicated insignificant contributions of iso-GDGTs from methanotrophic archaea and the absence of significant AOM activities. Biomarker results thus indicated that the discontinuous upward methane seepage and insufficient methane flux could not induce high AOM activities in our sampling sites. In addition, the different patterns of TEX_(86) and U_(37)~(K′) temperature in two cores suggested that AOM activities affected TEX_(86)37 temperature estimates with lower values in Core ORI-_(86)0-22, but not significantly on TEX_(86) temperature estimates in Core MD052911. 相似文献
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南海东沙群岛东北部海洋IV号地区GC16站重力柱状沉积物中的有机碳、总氮,以及自生碳酸盐岩矿物的无机碳同位素组成分析结果表明,甲烷流体活动区硫酸盐甲烷转换带(SMTZ—sulfate methane transition zone)是重要的生物地球化学界面,该带内沉积物中有机碳、氮与无机碳同位素组成变化明显。GC16站SMTZ上界面以下的沉积物中有机碳、氮同位素组成分别比其上的沉积物负偏1.4‰PDB和0.93‰,反映该带内甲烷缺氧氧化作用(AOM—anaerobic oxidation of methane)与氨氧化作用发育。无机碳同位素组成表明SMTZ界面之下沉积物中的自生碳酸盐岩矿物为以微生物为媒介的甲烷驱动成因,地质历史时期(至柱状沉积物底部沉积时期)曾发生过2次较强烈的CH4流体活动;目前该区甲烷流体活动较弱,甲烷流体影响深度与SMTZ上界面一致,未能到达海底。 相似文献
105.
以二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸为目标污染物,研究了光助Fenton氧化去除水中卤乙酸的可行性及影响因素,并对其动力学进行了初步研究.结果表明,影响光助Fenton氧化的因素很多,氙灯功率500 W、H2O2和Fe2+投加量分别为5.0和1.0 mmol·L-1、pH=4.0反应60 min是所考察范围内的最佳降解条件,浓度为100 μg·L-1的二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的降解率分别为90.32%、87.77%;在实际水质pH=7.0时,相同浓度的二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的降解率分别为75.34%、68.80%.紫外辐射与Fenton氧化对二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的降解具有协同效应.光助Fenton氧化对二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的降解符合一级反应动力学,表观活化能分别为30.11、31.09 kJ·mo1-1,受温度影响不大. 相似文献
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109.
Min Wang Wei Wang Benlin He Mingliang Sun Yansheng Yin Lan Liu Wuyuan Zou Xuefei Xu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,9(4):376-380
TiO2 films were formed on metallic titanium substrates by the anodic oxidation method in H2SO4 solution under the 80V D.C.. Phase component and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM). Water contact angles on titanium oxide film surface were measured under both dark and sunlight
illumination conditions. Corrosion tests were carried out in seawater under different illumination conditions by electrochemistry
impedance spectrum (EIS) and polarization curves. The result showed that the TiO2 film prepared by the anodic oxidation method was anatase with a uniform structure and without obvious pores or cracks on
its surface. The average water contact angle of the film was 116.4° in dark, in contrast to an angle of 42.7° under the UV
illumination for 2 hours, which demonstrates good hydrophobic property. The anti-corrosion behavior of the TiO2 film was declining with the extended immersion time. Under dark conditions, however, the hydrophobic TiO2 film retarded the water infiltrating into the substrate. The impedance changed slowly and the corrosion current density was
2 orders of magnitude lower than that with the film illuminated by sunlight. All of those mentioned above indicate that the
TiO2 film possesses much better performance under dark condition, and it can be applied as an engineering material under dark
seawater environment. 相似文献
110.