Feeding ecology of Japanese Spanish mackerel(Scomberomorus niphonius) along the eastern coastal waters of China

Feeding activities provide necessary nutrition and energy to support the reproduction and development of fish populations. The feeding ecology and dietary plasticity of fish are important factors determining their recruitment and population dynamics. As a top predator, Japanese Spanish mackerel(Scomberomorus niphonius) supports one of the most valuable fisheries in China. In this study, the feeding ecology and diet composition of Japanese Spanish mackerel spawning groups were analysed based on samples collected from six spawning grounds along the eastern coastal waters of China during spring(March to May) in 2016 and 2017. Both stomach contents and stable isotope analysis were conducted. Stomach content analysis showed that spawning groups of Japanese Spanish mackerel mainly fed on fish, consuming more than 40 different prey species. Diets were significantly different among sampling locations. The most important prey species were Stolephorus in Fuzhou, Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus in Xiangshan, Euphausia pacifica in Lüsi, sand lance Ammodytes personatus in Qingdao and Weihai, and Leptochela gracilis in Laizhou Bay. Stable isotope analysis showed that the trophic level of Japanese Spanish mackerel was relatively high and generally increased with latitude from south to north. In the 1980 s, the diet of Japanese Spanish mackerel was dominated solely by Japanese anchovies in the eastern coastal waters of China. The results in the present study showed that the importance of Japanese anchovies declined considerably, and this fish was not the most dominant diet in most of the investigated waters. Both the spatial variations in diet composition and changes in the dominant diet over the long term indicated the high adaptability of Japanese Spanish mackerel to the environment. Combining the results of stomach analysis and stable isotope analysis from different tissues provided more comprehensive and accurate dietary information on Japanese Spanish mackerel. The study provides essential information about the feeding ecology of Japanese Spanish mackerel and will benefit the management of its populations in the future.     

煤矿送料孔、通风孔及救援孔钻进技术

介绍了煤矿送料孔、通风孔及救援孔等工程钻孔的钻进工艺及所用器具,并通过中国神华集团的施工实例对此类工程钻孔的前导钻进及扩孔钻进技术进行了较为详细的探讨。     

鱼类spexin系统鉴定及其生理功能研究

所有脊椎动物生殖均受下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的调控,多种下丘脑神经肽参与了生殖调控过程。大多数神经肽具有促进生殖的功能,例如促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin-releasinghormone,GnRH)、神经激肽B (neurokinin B, NKB)、神经肽Y (neuropeptide Y, NPY)、神经分泌素(secretoneurin, SN)、刺鼠相关蛋白(agouti-related peptide, AgRP)、甘丙肽(galanin, GAL)和吻素(kisspeptin, Kiss)。Spexin (SPX)是一种新型下丘脑神经肽,属于SPX/GAL/Kiss家族成员。SPX的成熟肽由14个氨基酸组成,该氨基酸序列在不同物种间高度保守。SPX可以激活GAL受体2和3 (GALR2/3)参与生殖、摄食等多种生理过程。本文围绕鱼类SPX基因鉴定、进化分析、组织分布、表达调控、生理功能以及信号转导机制等方面,简要总结鱼类SPX及其受体的研究进展,以期为后续深入研究提供参考。     

饵料、温度对香螺摄食的影响

采用实验生态学方法，通过分析摄食喜好系数、平均个体摄食量等参数，研究香螺（Neptunea arthritica cumingii）摄食选择性，以及温度、饵料状态对香螺摄食量的影响。结果表明，香螺成螺对不同的饵料具有明显的摄食选择性，喜食程度的顺序依次为缢蛏（Sinonovacula constricta）、菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）和毛蚶（Scapharca subcrenata）。随着温度的升高，不同规格香螺摄食量先升高后降低，摄食高峰出现在15℃，香螺对于已开壳饵料的摄食量显著高于未开壳饵料。     

辽河口潮间带大型底栖动物摄食功能群特征研究

2020年对辽河口潮间带7条断面46个站位开展了春、秋两季大型底栖动物调查,并进行摄食功能群划分,研究了其潮间带大型底栖动物摄食功能群的组成及特征。共发现46种大型底栖动物,以软体动物、环节动物和节肢动物为主。肉食者功能群种类数最多,且主要为环节动物类群;浮游生物食者功能群则在丰度及生物量方面占优势地位,且主要为软体动物类群。大型底栖动物各摄食功能群丰度及生物量(除肉食者外)均表现出春季高于秋季,且在断面间无显著性差异,但浮游生物食者在靠近辽河入海口的断面(B和C断面)占据绝对优势。双因素方差分析显示,各摄食功能群的种类数、丰度和生物量在季节变化上均无显著差异。本研究结果有助于揭示辽河口潮间带大型底栖动物摄食功能群的变化规律,并为生物资源保护和修复提供基础数据。