闽浙沿岸上升流的数值模拟

本文将闽浙沿岸作为研究海区,采用坐标下三维斜压非线性的浅海陆架模式,综合考虑风、边界流(台湾暖流、黑潮、长江冲淡水)及地形等动力因子对上升流形成的影响,较好地模拟了闽浙沿岸上升流的分布。得出夏季闽浙沿岸近海岸区域有三个比较强的上升流中心,分别位于2520′N,12000′E、2640′N,12015′E、2720′N,12045′E附近,并且在对闽浙沿岸水文结构的模拟中,同样得出夏季沿岸的低温高盐区与计算出的三个较强的上升中心一致。冬季沿岸上升流的强度和范围都明显减弱,但在2520′N,12000′E和2600′N,12030′E及2830′~3000′N,12200′E附近仍有相对较强的上升流存在。     

流动环境中二维铅垂纯射流的试验研究

对均匀流动环境中的铅直二维射流进行了试验研究,得到了流动转变的条件.采用超声多普勒流速仪(ADV)对射流流场进行了测量,得到了流速矢量图和流线图,发现在射流的迎流面存在流线跌落现象.探讨了流速比对射流背流面涡心和分离点位置的影响.给出低流速比为8的射流流场的实测结果,以供数值模拟对比使用.     

岩溶地面塌陷预测模型初探

岩溶的发育程度、上覆岩土体性质是岩溶地面塌陷形成的基本条件;地下水位下降,地表水或降水入渗,震动荷载等动力扰动,是形成岩溶地面塌陷产生的诱发动力条件。本文以山东省泰安市岩溶地面塌陷区为例,讨论了岩溶地面塌陷的产生机理,并从受力情况对其进行了分析探讨,从而提出了岩溶地面塌陷的预测模型。本文还根据研究区的8个塌陷实例对模型进行了检验。结果表明,该模型的计算结果与实际情况基本吻合。     

东欢坨矿构造特征及断裂构造定量研究

基于物探、钻探等资料,采用地质统计法对东欢坨矿区构造要素进行分析,探讨了断层发育规模、空间展布特征及断层要素与断层性质的相关关系,建立了不同性质断层的落差与延展长度之间的经验公式,从古构造应力场演化角度分析了断裂展布的成因。研究表明：区内地质构造以NE向断层为主,以车轴山向斜轴为界,表现为＂两翼分区＂、＂西逆东正＂,全区呈现＂南北分带＂、＂南密北稀＂的展布特征。定量分析认为断层落差与延伸长度呈正相关关系,断裂密度等值线呈现明显分区性,断裂强度由SE-NE逐渐减弱。     

库鲁克塔格赛马山前震旦纪地层地质事件研究

库鲁克塔格赛马山地区前震旦纪地层,经历了多期变质变形作用改造.通过建立岩石序列和构造变形序列,解析变质变形作用,结合同位素地质年代学研究,厘定出该套地层在阜平、五台、吕梁、四堡、晋宁5个构造期发生的沉积作用、火山作用、变质作用、岩浆侵入活动及产生的构造形迹组合,在此基础上构建区域地质事件表.     

Experimental study on strain field evolution around a simulated thrust fault

Earthquakes result from continuous geodynamic processes. A topic of significant interest for the scientific community is to elaborate on the phenomena governing the faulting and fracturing of crustal rocks. Therefore, in this study, uniaxial compressive shear failure experiments were conducted on Fangshan marble rock samples with a prefabricated slot to simulate thrust faulting. The center of each marble plate (105 mm × 80 mm × 5 mm) was engraved with a 30-mm long double-sided nonpenetrating slot (depth: 2 mm, width: 0.5 mm). The deformation and destruction processes of the rock surface were recorded using a high-speed camera. The digital image correlation method was used to calculate the displacement and strain distribution and variation at different loading stages. The accumulative and incremental displacement fields u and v , strain field e_x and e_y, and shear strain e_xy were analyzed. When the loading level reached its ultimate value, the strain field was concentrated around the prefabricated slot. The concentration reached a maximum at the ends of the prefabricated slot. The magnitude of shear strain reached 0.1. This experiment contributes to our understanding of the dynamic process of active faulting.     

汶川8．0级地震前兆异常对比研究

The contrast research results show that the number of items and stations with imminent, short and medium term precursor anomalies for the Wenchuan M_S 8. 0 earthquake is less than that of the Menglian earthquake. The number of anomalies and stations associated with the Wenchuan earthquake increased in the early stage of the short-term range,as opposed to the later period for the Menglian and Lijiang earthquakes. Most of the medium term anomalies occurred two to three years before the Wenchuan earthquake,when the number of anomaly stations and items was eleven,and a great change appeared in the observation values in about half of the stations ( items ) . However,for the Menglian earthquake,medium term anomalies happened one to two years before the earthquake, the number of abnormal stations and items reached 20,and a sharp change appeared in the observation values six months to one year before the earthquake in about 30 percent of the stations or items. In the epicenter and the nearby area,the macroscopic abnormalities started 3 years before the Wenchuan earthquake and lasted intermittently until 1 month before the earthquake. Within 2 percent of the total area of the province,the macroscopic abnormalities accounted for 30 to 50 percent of the total number of anomalies of the Province. For the Xingtai,Tangshan,Haicheng,Songpan earthquakes,the macroscopic anomalies started two to three months before,or on the very day of the earthquakes. The common feature of the precursors between the Wenchuan and other strong earthquakes is the appearance of tremendous changes in a certain number of observation values of anomalies in the mid and short terms before all these earthquakes.     

海洋木栖真菌抗菌活性的初步研究

从福建厦门海沧、集美及漳州浮宫等地采集到的红树林等海洋潮间带的各种腐木样品中分离得到176株海洋木栖真菌,对其进行抗菌活性检测.其结果表明共有96株海洋木栖真菌对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌及白色假丝酵母中的一种或多种拮抗指示菌具有抑制作用,占供测菌株总数的54.5%.在这些活性菌株中,红树源菌株拮抗比例为30.2%,非红树源菌株拮抗比例为69.8%.具有抗菌活性的菌株主要分布于15个属中,包括木霉Trichoderma、青霉Penicillium、拟青霉Paecilomyces和一些不产孢的分类群.某些稀有真菌如盘多毛孢Pestalotia、茎点霉Phoma也具有一定的抗菌活性.     

基于张衡一号卫星波动观测的人工甚低频台站信号特征统计分析

地基人工甚低频(10~30 kHz)台站信号可以穿透电离层, 甚至泄露进地球磁层, 从而导致内辐射带高能电子的沉降.研究人工甚低频台站信号的特征对于研究辐射带电子的损失具有重要的科学意义.基于张衡一号卫星2019—2022年的电场观测数据, 本文对全球10个人工甚低频台站在电离层中的信号特征进行了研究, 统计分析了电离层中人工甚低频台站信号的昼夜差异、季变规律、对地磁活动水平的依赖性, 及其在地磁共轭区的分布特征.结果表明, 人工甚低频台站信号会传播至台站上空电离层及其共轭区, 信号辐射范围及强度与台站的发射功率呈正相关.电离层电子密度对甚低频信号的传播具有重要影响, 在夜侧和当地冬季, 电离层电子密度相对较小时, 泄露进入内磁层的人工甚低频台站信号较强, 而信号强度受地磁活动影响很弱.在台站上空, 信号增强区域以穿刺点为中心呈现近圆形分布, 并存在明显的波模干涉效应, 在共轭半球, 信号增强区域中心相对共轭穿刺点会发生极向漂移(L＜2的台站)或赤道向漂移(L＞2的台站), 但所有台站的电波能量都被限制在1/2赤道电子回旋频率磁壳以内的区域.这些统计观测特征表明, 发射台站位于较低L值(L＜1.4)的人工甚低频台站信号在内磁层中主要以非导管模式传播到共轭半球, 而发射台站位于较高L值(L＞2.6)的人工甚低频台站信号主要以导管模式传播.

     

辽宁省黑石砬子铁矿地质-地球物理综合研究及深部找矿效果

黑石砬子铁矿床南部的剩余磁异常是人们关注的课题。文章采用综合研究的方法,通过分析铁矿的成矿地质环境、控矿因素、矿床特征,对磁异常进行定量计算,实施地质-地球物理综合推断,推断深部的铁矿体的倾向发生倒转,从而有效地解释了矿区的剩余异常,明确了深部铁矿勘查的具体部位,预测矿区深部隐藏着较大的资源储量。经过深部工程验证,获得了很好的找矿效果。