Sentinel-1 SAR数据约束的2018年谢通门MW5.8地震同震破裂模型

通过Sentinel-1卫星升降轨数据获取谢通门地震的同震形变场,并基于均匀弹性半无限位错模型反演地震的同震滑动分布模型。InSAR同震形变场表明,升降轨视线向最大形变量分别为0.049 m和0.051 m,形变场长轴大致呈南北方向,位于甲岗-定结断裂西侧。通过对倾角和倾向进行格网搜索发现,西倾节面更可能为该地震的发震节面。反演结果表明,滑动分布主要位于2~10 km深度范围内,平均滑动量为0.02 m,最大滑动量为0.10 m,发震断层倾角为47°,平均滑动角为-81.60°,显示该地震以正倾滑动为主。大地测量数据约束的该地震震中为30.27°N、87.75°E,震源深度为6.58 km,释放地震矩为5.056×10¹⁷ Nm,对应矩震级为M_W5.7,与GCMT、USGS公布的震级基本一致。综合分析震中位置和滑动机制认为,甲岗-定结断裂的分支断层为本次谢通门地震的发震断层。     

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基于HVCE-RBFNN的矿区地表三维形变监测研究

提出一种融合赫尔默特方差分量估计和径向基函数神经网络(HVCE-RBFNN)的三维形变计算方法,结合GNSS和InSAR监测数据,解算甘肃省金昌市金川西二采矿区的地表三维形变场。结果表明,基于HVCE-RBFNN方法获取的三维形变结果精度高于传统方法,其东西向、南北向和垂直向的均方根误差(RMSE)分别为20.85 mm、7.41 mm和34.47 mm,3个方向的最大形变量分别为228 mm、300 mm和193 mm,采空区形变空间分布符合开采沉陷规律。     

利用DS-InSAR技术监测黄河三角洲地表形变

针对黄河三角洲地区湿地及农田多、范围大,导致PS-InSAR技术难以获取高密度地表形变信息的问题,提出一种基于分布式目标InSAR（DS-InSAR）的黄河三角洲地表形变监测方法。该方法通过置信区间估计选取同质像元点,利用特征值分解方法计算主散射体对应相位值以达到相位优化的目的,再根据时空相干性确定分布式目标,最后建模解算时序地表形变信息。以26景Sentinel-1A影像为数据源,提取2019-12～2020-12期间黄河三角洲地区的地表沉降信息,与PS-InSAR方法结果相比,点位密度提高5.56倍;两种方法获取的同名点对形变速率的相关系数为0.727,说明两者具有很好的一致性。实验结果表明,研究区内存在4处明显沉降区域,最大沉降速率达-238 mm/a,经分析及实地调查验证,其主要影响因素为地下卤水及油气开采。     

制冷控制系统研制与探析

根据实际应用研制制冷控制系统,该系统采用温度测量、PID控制及PWM脉宽调制等技术实现了对目标对象的制冷处理,具有一定的应用价值。     

机载LIDAR技术的优势及应用前景研究

机载三维激光雷达测量(以下简称机载LIDAR—Light Detection and Ranger)技术是继GPS以来在测绘领域的又一场技术革命,它以高精度、高密度、高效率、产品丰富等特点在测绘领域得到较好的应用和广泛的关注,具有巨大的发展空间和潜力,它代表了测绘领域又一个新时代的到来。本文着重介绍了机载LIDAR的测量原理、技术特点,进而总结出机载LIDAR技术优势和应用前景。     

Sapphirine in SW Sweden: a record of Sveconorwegian (–Grenvillian) late-orogenic tectonic exhumation

In the Sveconorwegian granulite region of SW Sweden, sapphirine occurs in reaction coronas in Mg- and Al-rich kyanite eclogites which form parts of mafic complexes. Aluminous to peraluminous sapphirine forms symplectitic intergrowths with plagioclase±corundum±spinel after kyanite. Kyanite and omphacite were the main reactants in the formation of sapphirine. The sapphirine formed during decompression from the eclogite facies ( P >15  kbar) through the high- to medium-pressure granulite and upper amphibolite facies at c. 750  °C. Preserved growth zoning in garnet, frozen-in reaction textures, and chemical disequilibrium suggest a rapid tectonic exhumation. Ductile deformation in the surrounding gneisses and parts of the mafic complex is characterized by foliation development, WNW–ESE stretching and dynamic recrystallization under granulite to upper amphibolite facies conditions, simultaneous with the sapphirine formation. This decompression, high-grade re-equilibration and associated deformation took place during the exhumation of the Sveconorwegian eclogites, bracketed between 969±14 and 956±7  Ma. Probable tectonic causes are late-orogenic gravitational collapse and/or plate divergence following the Sveconorwegian–Grenvillian continent–continent collision. There are no indications of metastability of aluminous and peraluminous sapphirine in the decompressed kyanite eclogites; sapphirine is stable in amphibole-poor and amphibolitized varieties, including rocks that have undergone dynamic recrystallization. Close similarities between rocks from different parts of the world with respect to reaction textures suggests that sapphirine+plagioclase-forming reactions are a universal feature in high-temperature decompressed kyanite eclogites.     

Superposition of gold mineralisation on pre‐existing carbonate alteration: Structural evidence from the Mulgarrie gold deposit,Yilgarn Craton

Carbonate alteration at the Mulgarrie gold mine in the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia, is represented by porphyroblasts, veins and pervasive, texturally destructive, carbonatisation. Two foliations, S_1M and S_2M, were produced by two separate deformation events at the mine‐scale, D_1M and D_2M. D_1M and D_2M both occurred in response to regional D₂ tectonism. Carbonate alteration was the product of two separate episodes of fluid ingress: the earlier produced magnesite and the latter Fe‐dolomite. Both periods of carbonate alteration occurred pre‐ to early syn‐D_2M, when mafic to ultramafic komatiitic rocks reacted with fluids that moved along regional faults and pre‐date the alteration associated with regional peak metamorphism. Gold at Mulgarrie overprints pre‐ and late syn‐D₂ quartz veins in zones of massive carbonate alteration, suggesting it has a late‐ to post‐D₂ timing. This late timing agrees with the generally accepted syn‐D₃ (and younger) age for gold mineralisation in the Eastern Goldfields. We suggest that carbonate alteration at Mulgarrie is not a product of the hydrothermal event responsible for the gold mineralisation. Rather, the different relative timing of magnesite, Fe‐dolomite and gold indicates there were two carbonate‐producing fluid systems and a fluid transporting the gold overprinted these. Similarly, early carbonate alteration may play a role in localising auriferous vein deposits throughout the Yilgarn and other Archaean cratons.     

鄂尔多斯盆地及其周边的新构造运动

本区新构造运动十分活跃,表现出多次波动性,周边山系呈不均衡抬升,盆地则呈不均衡沉降,因此使盆地呈现不对称的簸箕状,盆地中的水系结构也呈现不对称性。区内构造变形主要有褶皱、断裂、新隆起、新坳陷、拱曲和掀斜等,并产生现代地震、地热和火山活动。不均衡掀斜是导致上述现象的根本原因。     

叠加变形有限应变分解及其应用探讨

本文提出了二维不同类型叠加变形的有限应变分解方法。只要测定有限应变及能代表各期主应变面的面理或剪切指向,就可以计算出各期构造应变。