高精度缓冲区边界相向逼近求交算法研究及实验

针对海洋划界等距离线/中间线方法中双方距离比例不为1∶1时的海洋划界存在的不足,探讨了基于欧氏平面的距离等比例线法及其后续研究存在的精度无法满足海洋划界的实际应用需求的问题,提出了基于地球椭球体解算距离等比例线的高精度缓冲区边界相向逼近求交算法,并阐述了该算法的基本原理和实现步骤,最后结合海洋划界实例,对该算法的有效性进行了验证。     

土地利用总体规划中区实体的等因子裁剪方法

针对传统区实体裁剪方法在土地利用总体规划区实体裁剪中的问题,提出了等因子裁区法,并以MapGIS为手段,结合其强大的图形数据和属性数据处理功能,阐述了基于MapGIS的区实体裁剪方法的实现过程,解决了传统区实体裁剪方法在土地利用总体规划海量数据裁剪中费时费力的问题;最后,以广西壮族自治区兴安县土地利用总体规划图件编制为例,对基于MapGIS的等因子裁区法进行了验证。     

利用等位移原则估计高层结构的非弹性地震反应(一)

高层建筑非弹性地震反应估计是当前结构抗震研究迫切希望解决的课题。本文概略介绍了常用非弹性地震反应分析方法在高层结构分析中应用的主要问题,从而引出利用等位移原则(对于长周期体系,弹性与非弹性地震位移反应近似相等)进行高层结构非弹性地震反应估计研究的原因,并以长周期单自由度和多自由度体系弹性与非弹性地震反应之间关系的有关研究结果论述了其可行性。     

Segmentation of well logs by maximum-likelihood estimation

A maximum-likelihood procedure for segmenting digital well-log data is presented. The method is based on a univariate state variable model in which an observed log is treated as a time-series consisting of two terms: a Gauss-Markov signal remaining constant over a segment, and an additive Gaussian, but not necessarily stationary, noise. The signal jumps by a random amount at a segment boundary. The inverse problem of log segmentation consists of detecting the segment boundaries from a given log. The problem is solved using a Bayesian approach in which the unknown parameters, the locations of segment boundaries and the jumps in the signal value, are estimated by maximizing the likelihood function for the observed data. An algorithm based on Kalman smoothing and single most likelihood replacement (SMLR) procedure is proposed. The performance of the method is illustrated with a case study comprising of multisuite log data from an exploratory well. The method is found to be rapid and robust. The resulting segments are found to be geologically consistent.     

Western dome of the Arga-Ynnykh-Khaya granitic intrusion and its white granites

Adamellites, granite porphyries, and white granites of the western dome of the Arga-Ynnykh-Khaya Massif (Yakutiya) have been studied with emphasis on the white granites. The main features of its magmatic crystallization and initial transformation have been obtained by investigating the intensity of transformations using stochastic Markov models. The most widespread transformation is albitization. Two varieties exist. First, and most common, is development of a secondary albite crystal between two primary grains of potassium feldspar. Second, secondary albite has developed between primary quartz grains. Both variants have definite probabilities of occurrence. Less commonly, but with a constant probability, a secondary quartz grain forms as an intergrowth between two grains of potassium feldspar.     

Measuring the goodness-of-fit of decision-tree models of discrete and continuous activity-travel choice: methods and empirical illustration

The use of decision tree models for predicting activity-travel choice is receiving increasing attention, but raises two related problems that are considered in this study. First, commonly used deterministic action-assignment rules should be replaced by probabilistic action-assignment rules. We develop such probabilistic rules for both discrete and continuous choice problems. Second, common goodness-of-fit measures such as the hit-ratio need to be replaced by likelihood measures. In this paper, we develop and empirically illustrate the interrelated methods and measures. The findings suggest that the new measures add information to existing statistics for discrete as well as the continuous choice.     

浅层抗干扰高分辨率SH波地震资料处理方法研究

针对常规地震资料处理系统不能处理高采样率（采样率＜１ｍｓ）和速度很低的ＳＨ波资料的难题，本文提出了运用等效处理方法处理浅层地震资料，同时在保证高信噪比情况下提高资料的分辨率。结果表明，该方法收到了满意的效果。     

多元p－范极大似然平差

本文详细推导了在概括平差函数模型下多元ｐ－范极大似然平差的基础方程以及求解参数估值的计算公式。本文提出的平差方法是一种包含最小二乘法，Ｌ１、Ｌｐ（ｐ＞１）最小平差法的更一般的方法。它只需对观测误差母体作单峰、对称的假设。此方法在给出位置参数、尺度参数的估值的同时，还能对误差母体分布作出估计     

接收函数复谱比的最大或然性估计及非线性反演

利用Ｓｈａｍｗａｙ和Ｄｅｒ的多道最大或然性反褶积原理，讨论了从单台三分量远震Ｐ波波形中分离接收函数径向与垂向分量复谱比的方法．根据Ｔａｒａｎｔｏｌａ的波形反演理论发展了接收函数复谱比的非线性反演方法．本文的反演方法除了拟合接收函数的复谱比之外，还需拟合时间域中接收函数垂向与径向分量的初至振幅比．合成波形数据反演的结果表明本文方法的反演结果不依赖初始模型．利用该方法和ＣＤＳＮ台网兰州台记录的宽频带远震Ｐ波波形数据，研究了该台站的接收函数及其随方位角的变化．接收函数复谱比非线性反演给出了该台站下方１４０ｋｍ深度岩石层的Ｓ波速度结构，得到兰州台下方地壳厚度为５４ｋｓ，岩石层厚度为９４ｋｍ．     

利用场址的地震影响烈度资料的烈度区划方法──以山西、四川为例

本文在证明场址的地震影响烈度的频次与相应的烈度值星对数线性关系的基础上，利用最大似然法，以山西南部（３５．５°～３８°Ｎ，１１１°～１１３°Ｅ）和四川西部（２６°～２９°Ｎ，１０１°～１０３°Ｅ）为例，求出各场址的β，λ和Ｉｍａｘ，得出各场址的烈度危险性分析曲线，并用“逻辑树”方法对各场址的危险性结果进行不确定校正，由此得到二区域的烈度区划图。结果表明，这种方法是可行的，尤其是针对呈现过烈度异常的区域，本方法的结果更能显示其特殊性。