波阻抗反演正则参数估计

为了解决用正则化方法能够将波阻抗反演的病态问题转为良态问题,通过统计方法合理地选择正则参数的初值,在反演过程中用极大似然（ML）方法实时进行正则参数值估计,提高反演收敛速度,改善反演结果。同时,在具体反演中将正则化方法与快速模拟退火算法相结合,充分发挥正则参数作用,可以获得全局最优解,取得了好的实际应用效果。     

分离三分量远震接收函数的多道最大或然性反褶积方法

迄今为止 ,广泛应用的分离接收函数方法主要基于单个台站的观测数据 ,并依赖等效震源假定的有效性。当地壳内存在明显的间断面时 ,等效震源假定不适于宽频带地震波形数据 ,接收函数的估计将在不同程度上遭到破坏。解决这个问题的出路在于避免使用等效震源假定。依据多道最大或然性反褶积原理 ,给出了利用多道观测数据分离接收函数的方法。我们的方法避免了等效震源假定 ,这对于在复杂构造环境条件下改善接收函数的估计具有实际价值。合成地震图的数值检验结果验证了给出的方法。利用该方法 ,我们得到了跨越大别山造山带 ,从江西大冶附近的大箕铺 (30°2 0′N ,1 1 5°0 3′E)到河南兰考附近的崔林 (34°4 0′N ,1 1 4°4 9′E) ,总长度约 5 0 0km的流动地震台阵剖面各台站的三分量接收函数估计。与基于单台数据的接收函数径向分量比较表明 ,两种方法给出的结果可能存在不可忽略的差别     

利用等位移原则估计高层结构的非弹性地震反应(二)

通过高层结构弹性和非弹性地震时程反应分析,研究了两者的位移反应关系。结果表明：结构在不同地震作用下非弹性总位移角反应的平均值与弹性反应十分接近,基本符合等位移原则,可以用后者分析结果直接估计前者;结构最大层间位移角反应的平均值在弱和中等非线性阶段亦与弹性反应十分接近,在强非线性阶段则大于弹性反应,经数据拟合,初步提供了一个在此阶段由弹性最大层间位移角反应估计非弹性反应的近似公式。     

An improvement to linear‐elastic procedures for seismic performance assessment

An improved linear‐elastic analysis procedure is developed in this paper as a simple approximate method for displacement‐based seismic assessment of the existing buildings. The procedure is mainly based on reducing the stiffness of structural members that are expected to respond in the inelastic range in a single global iteration step. Modal spectral displacement demands are determined from the equal displacement rule. Response predictions obtained from the proposed procedure are evaluated comparatively by using the results of benchmark nonlinear response history analysis, and both the conventional and the multi‐mode pushover analyses. In comparative evaluations, a twelve‐story RC plane frame and a six‐story unsymmetrical‐plan RC frame are employed by using 91 ground motion components. It is observed that the proposed procedure estimates the flexural deformation demands in deformation‐controlled members and the shear forces in force‐controlled members with reasonable accuracy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

低强度桩复合地基沉降计算方法研究

从低强度桩复合地基沉降变形模式出发,建立了一组低强度桩复合地基沉降计算的应力-应变协调方程。推导方程过程中,考虑了桩-土-垫层之间的相互作用,得出了桩土应力比和等沉面深度的解析解,并且进一步得到了桩和桩间土体的应力分布规律、压缩变形量、桩体上刺入垫层和下刺入下卧土层的刺入量。在此基础上,通过与复合地基下卧土层的压缩变形量求和,最终推导出了低强度桩复合地基的总沉降计算公式,为低强度桩复合地基的沉降计算提供了一种科学方法。     

A laboratory study of directional spectra with maximum likelihood mehod-Ⅱ Decaying swell

INTRODUCTIONForavarietyofapplications,includingcoastalandoceanengineering,shiproutingandtheinterpretationofremotelysensedata,informationonthedirectionalwavespectrumisdesirable.Knowledegeoftheintegratedorone-dimensionalspectrumisconsiderable,duelargelytofieldmeasurementssuchasJONSWAP.Asimilarsituation,however,doesnotexistinthecaseofdirectionalsprectra.Thisislargelyduetotheaddedcomplexityandthecostofdirectionalmeasure1.InstituteofPhysicalOceanography,OceanUniversityofQingdao,Qingdao266…     

Simulating a seismic series using geostatistical and stochastic methods: application to the seismic series in the Alborán Sea (1997 June 24–?)

Seismic series can be taken as examples of correlated unstationary sets of time-stochastic sequences. We investigate the possibility of estimating what is most probable to occur subsequently, if we know the events that have occurred up to a given moment.
The stochastic methods can be used with data of the seismic series, irrespective of their genesis and origin. Using three stochastic methods, namely (1) simulating the likelihood of occurrence by conditional geostatistical simulation; (2) developing a stochastic analysis of the energy release by means of energy packages; and (3) calculating the occurrence time of the most probable next earthquake, we were able to simulate the occurrence of earthquakes that took place during the Alborán Sea seismic series (1997–1998).
We conclude that it is possible to set limits on the time of occurrence and energy release, understood as the magnitude of the most probable earthquake, during the development of a seismic sequence and prior to the actual occurrence of the earthquake.     

顾及有色噪声影响的甘肃境内CMONOC基准站坐标时间序列分析

针对甘肃省境内19个CMONOC基准站坐标时间序列结果,采用极大似然估计法(MLE)探讨了各基准站的最优噪声模型,确定了基准站的速度场,并分析了甘肃省地壳运动状况.研究结果表明:甘肃省境内CMONOC基准站各坐标分量噪声特性存在较大的差异,"白噪声+闪烁噪声(WN+FN)"为最优噪声模型,能够更好地描述基准站坐标时间序...     

Statistical Methods for Jointly Estimating the Decay Constant of 40K and the Age of a Dating Standard

To simultaneously evaluate the decay constant of ⁴⁰K () and the age of a standard (t _std) using isotopic data from geologic materials, we applied a series of statistical methods. The problem of estimating the most probable intercept of many nonlinear curves in and t _std space is formulated by an errors-in-variables nonlinear regression model. Then a maximum likelihood method is applied to the model for a point estimate, which is equivalent to the nonlinear least square method when measurement error distributions are Gaussian. Uncertainties and confidence regions of the estimates can be approximated using three methods: the asymptotic normal approximation, the parametric bootstrap method and Bonferroni confidence regions. Five pairs of published data for samples with ages from 2 ka to 4.5 Ga were used to estimate and the age of Fish Canyon sanidine (t _FCs). The statistical procedure yields most probable estimates of (5.4755 ± 0.0170 × 10^–10 (1)/year) and t _FCs (28.269 ± 0.0661 (1) Ma) which are in between previously published values. These results indicate the power of our approach to provide improved constraints on these parameters, although the preliminary nature of some of the input data require further review before the values can be adopted.     

各向异性在数据处理中的应用

主要探讨各向异性在地震资料处理中的应用,并给出各向异性处理与常规处理之间的关系;根据各向异性处理中的不同情况,给出不同的解决办法;以实际地震资料处理效果为依据,归纳出相关结论。