发射电流波形对瞬变电磁一维正反演的影响

本研究实现了考虑发射电流波形的瞬变电磁一维正反演算法。正演采用矩形回线源,通过Duhamel积分计算梯形波的感应电压;反演采用Occam反演方案,得到一个光滑的层状反演结果模型。理论模型合成算例的计算结果表明：上升沿时间、持续时间和下降沿时间不同程度地影响了垂直磁感应强度对时间的偏导数(dB/dt)响应以及电阻率反演结果。理论模型的正演结果显示,上升沿时间、持续时间和下降沿时间分别主要影响晚期、中晚期和早期的瞬变电磁响应,并且取值越大影响越大。理论模型合成数据的反演算例显示,不同上升沿时间对反演结果几乎没有影响,而下降沿时间和持续时间分别影响浅部和深部的反演结果。     

双分量广域电磁法在深埋隧洞工程勘察中的应用

广域电磁法是一种高效、抗干扰能力强的电磁勘探方法,常规E-Ex观测方式仅处理单分量信息,不利于复杂构造区勘探应用。开展E-Ex及E-Ey双分量观测与解释,是提高勘探精度的有效途径。为测试双分量广域电磁法的应用效果,本文以西南地区卡拉水电站深埋隧洞工程勘察为例,阐述和说明了双分量广域电磁法的基本原理、数据采集方案、数据处理及反演方法,获得了目标洞线剖面的双分量广域视电阻率及其二维反演模型;结合地质资料,对反演模型进行了推断解释。结果表明,双分量广域电磁法反演模型准确反映了目标剖面的主要电性结构,较好揭示了断裂及破碎带的位置和倾向;与常规E-Ex单分量观测相比,E-Ex及E-Ey双分量广域电磁法可在少量增加施工成本的基础上提供双倍的观测数据量,具有高效及可用信息多等优点,有利于提高复杂构造区勘探精度,是深埋隧洞勘察的一种有效手段。     

基于cole-cole复电阻率模型的线源可控源有限元数值模拟

受激发极化效应的影响,大地中岩(矿)石电阻率是一个与频率、电化学性质等因素有关的复电阻率。接收到的电磁场信号中,包含了电磁感应效应以及激发极化效应双重因素的影响。将cole-cole复电阻率模型引入二维线源可控源正演理论,加载伪delta函数,实现了含激发极化效应的线源可控源有限元数值模拟。计算了不同极化参数的二维地质体线源可控源的影响特征。结果表明:线源可控源响应对IP效应反映明显,视电阻率出现增高的特征;低阻高极化相对于高阻高极化模型受IP效应影响更大,从低阻中提取IP效应更加乐观。该研究为实现从复杂地质条件下CSAMT信号提取IP效应奠定了基础。     

贵州省旦坪铝土矿钻探施工工艺

贵州正安旦坪铝土矿项目地层岩石破碎,岩溶发育,钻探施工中遇掉块卡钻、套管难以起拔以及溶洞发育等难题。通过优化钻孔结构、合理选择钻进参数,采用跟管钻进配合绳索取心工艺,有效解决了溶洞堆积层的护壁难题,大大提高了溶塌堆积层成孔率。采用聚合物凝胶护壁堵漏减少了破碎地层掉块卡钻事故的发生。反丝套管的使用,减轻了坍塌地层丢套管的风险,提高了钻进效率,节约了钻探成本。采用长套管穿越溶洞,降低了报废工作量,提高了工作进度。物探瞬变电磁法的应用查明了岩溶的空间分布情况,降低了钻遇大溶洞的风险。通过一系列技术措施的实施,如期完成了目标任务。本文对该矿区的施工经验进行了总结,以期为同类钻探施工起到借鉴作用。     

线源频率电磁测探二维正演（二）

随着频率电磁测深（包括可控源声频大地电磁测深ＣＳＡＭＴ）的深入发展,必须要进行三维情况下的研究。线源频率电磁一维天演模拟研究为最终实现三维正演打下了基础。     

Forward modelling of direct current and low-frequency electromagnetic fields using integral equations

We present a semi-analytical, unifying approach for modelling the electromagnetic response of 3-D bodies excited by low-frequency electric and magnetic sources. We write the electric and magnetic fields in terms of power series of angular frequency, and show that to obey Maxwell's equations, the fields must be real when the exponent is even, and imaginary when it is odd. This leads to the result that the scattering equations for direct current fields and for fields proportional to frequency can both be explicitly formulated using a single, real dyadic Green's function. Although the underground current flow in each case is due to different physical phenomena, the interaction of the scattering currents is of the same type in both cases. This implies that direct current resistivity, magnetometric resistivity and electric and magnetic measurements at low induction numbers can all be modelled in parallel using basically the same algorithm. We make a systematic derivation of the quantities required and show that for these cases they can all be expressed analytically. The problem is finally formulated as the solution of a system of linear equations. The matrix of the system is real and does not depend on the type of source or receiver. We present modelling results for different arrays and apply the algorithm to the interpretation of field data. We assume the standard dipoledipole resistivity array for the direct current case, and vertical and horizontal magnetic dipoles for induction measurements. In the case of magnetometric resistivity we introduce a moving array composed of an electric dipole and a directional magnetometer. The array has multiple separations for depth discrimination and can operate in two modes. The mode where the predominant current flow runs along the profile is called MMR-TM. This mode is more sensitive to lateral variations in resistivity than its counterpart, MMR-TE, where the mode of conduction is predominantly perpendicular to the profile.     

EDA各向异性层状介质MT正演模拟

推导了ＥＤＡ型层状各向异性介质大地电磁测深正演计算公式,对多种模型从不同的频率,测量方向计算了地表视电阻率曲线。结果表明,一般的各向异性介质的地表视电阻率值不仅与测量频率有关,而且与测量方向相对电性主轴的交角有关。     

南北地震带北段地壳上地幔电性结构及有关资料问题的讨论

根据南北地震带北段６ 条东西向和２ 条南北向剖面的大地电磁测深结果,对该区域的地壳上地幔电性结构进行了较全面的分析．对资料中存在的一些问题进行了讨论     

井间电磁成像的迭代反演算法

提出一种基于逐次逼近解法的选代反演算法,对并间地层电导率的构造进行成像．该方法用一阶Ｂｏｒｎ近似将积分方程线性化,得到对电导率分布的初始估计,在选代反演中用高阶Ｂｏｒｎ近似对井间地层电导率构造进行更精确的估计．应用该方法还可以对井间电子率分布进行二次成像,从而使成像分辨率更为准确．数值计算结果表明,这种迭代反演算法与基于Ｂｏｒｎ近似、二阶Ｂｏｒｎ近似和扩展Ｂｏｒｎ近似的反演算法相比提高了成像分辨率,且计算效率相当．