用于多频电磁波测井的负阻抗变换式有源接收天线

本文对用负阻抗变换电路同小圆锥螺旋天线相结合,构成的有源接收天线进行了理论分析,并给出了该有源天线稳定工作的条件。结果表明,用该方法设计的有源接收天线具有较宽的频带、较高的灵敏度和较小的尺寸。是多频电磁波测井较理想的接收天线。     

Group Time Delay in the Reflection of P-Polarized Electromagnetic Plane Waves at a Stratigraphic Interface

The group time delay (GTD) formulae of quasi-total reflection of inhomogeneous P-polarized electromagnetic waves (P-PEW, whose electric field parallels to the plane of incidence), caused by the Goos–Hänchen effect, is derived by the phase shift of the wave. A numerical example where the frequency equals to 1 GHz is given. The curves of calculating results show that there are three discontinuous points at the critical angle of phase shift vector, the critical angle of attenuation vector and 90^○. When the angle of incidence is equal to one of these three angles, the GTD will become infinite, and the electromagnetic wave will propagate along the interface. The GTD will be very large, when the angle of incidence is close to one of these three angles. The results indicate that there is an important relationship between the two critical angles and the conductivity and permittivity of the two strata, and that the GTD has an important relationship with the angle of incidence. These results can be used to determine the lithology of the strata and to delimit the interfaces of strata more effectively. It is suggested that this research may prove useful in electromagnetic logging analysis and, perhaps, in the design of logging instruments.     

瞬变电磁法在煤矿水害防治中的应用

煤层附近的富水区(带)严重威胁着煤矿的生产安全，探明地下煤层附近富水区的赋存和断层、裂隙的发育情况，可以有效地指导煤矿水害的防治工作。对于含水地层及富水区，瞬变电磁法在多测道剖面上具有典型响应特征，据此可以查明地下水分布情况。在山东某煤田和河南某矿，应用瞬变电磁勘探，准确地查明了煤层顶底板富水区。．     

对瞬变电磁测深几个问题的思考(一)——瞬变电磁测深中偶极子源及其转换

偶极子源是电磁法研究的基本对象,是构成更复杂探测装置与资料解释的前提,也是电磁法勘探技术开发与创新的理论基础。从偶极子源的概念出发,导出了均匀大地表面上的主要偶极子源瞬变电磁场公式,并指明正垂直阶跃脉冲与负垂直阶跃脉冲激发的瞬变电磁场公式的异同,以加深认识。举例说明了相应于电性源与磁性源的场分量可根据电磁场的互易定理相互转换,便捷推导公式。重点阐述了由偶极子源的场强公式运用叠加原理可衍生更复杂的电磁场公式,诸如大回线源及其任意一点的瞬变电磁场公式,盘活了瞬变场的应用。     

ZTEM二维非线性共轭梯度反演研究

ZTEM(Z轴倾子电磁法)是一种天然场源的频率域航空电磁法,其特点是磁场垂直分量在空中机载平台测量,磁场水平分量在地面的固定基站测量,具有勘探深度大、速度快、成本低、覆盖面积大等技术优势。本文实现了ZTEM二维有限差分正演和二维非线性共轭梯度(NLCG)反演算法。研究对象是倾子资料,反演过程中通过解"拟正演"问题来避开雅克比矩阵的直接计算。通过理论模型合成数据反演试算,验证了ZTEM倾子资料二维NLCG反演算法的稳定性与可靠性。与大地电磁(MT) TE模式阻抗资料反演结果进行对比,发现在异常体横向边界的约束方面,ZTEM倾子反演比MT阻抗反演更具优越性。     

跨孔电磁波透视法在荷叶塘高架桥岩溶探测中的应用

荷叶塘高架桥桥位区岩溶强烈发育。为查明各桥墩位置深部岩溶发育的类型、规模,勘察中采用了跨孔电磁波透视法。结合钻探和跨孔电磁波测试结果对该桥桥墩位置深部岩溶发育的规律进行了分析,对跨孔电磁波测试的验证和效果进行了讨论。钻孔验证表明跨孔电磁波透视法探测精度较高。综合分析表明,可应用跨孔电磁波透视法成果作为确定桩基础持力层的辅助依据。     

覆盖层下三维异常体对垂直磁偶极源的电磁响应

针对地下半空间存在三维异常体及覆盖层情况，计算了垂直磁偶极子的场，计算结果表明σ１与σ２接近时，覆盖层影响减小；σ１增加时覆盖层影响增大；对于不同的σ２／σ１值，场幅值对高频（ｆ≥２ｋＨｚ）和低频（ｆ≤１０Ｈｚ）都明显减小，只有在２ｋＨｚ≥ｆ≥１０Ｈｚ之间，场幅值可达最大。还表明垂直磁偶极子的场具有较强的岩性识别和分层能力     

瞬变电磁法在玄武岩下找矿的应用

应用瞬变电磁法,根据不同地层电阻率不同来确定含煤地层,以达到找煤目的。通过工程典型实例证实,瞬变电磁法在玄武岩盖层下探测找煤的方法效果显著。说明瞬变电磁法在玄武岩覆盖区勘探是一种有效方法。     

基于MySQL的广域电磁法数据处理与解释软件

针对目前广域电磁法数据处理软件集成度低、操作繁琐、数据无法统一管理的缺点,开发了广域电磁法数据处理与解释软件。软件采用客户机—服务器架构和模块化设计。基于MySQL数据库开发的项目管理模块,可以实现项目数据自动化的存储和管理,基于Python的科学计算库开发的广域电磁法的数据处理模块,可满足广域电磁法勘探的数据处理需求,以数据可视化和交互操作为基础,可极大简化处理人员的操作过程,提高数据处理效率。本软件已经应用到实际项目中,对大量数据进行了处理,取得了较好的效果。     

Outgoing long wave radiation variability from IR satellite data prior to major earthquakes

Our analysis of the continuous outgoing long wave earth radiation (OLR) indicates anomalous variations prior to a number of medium to large earthquakes. The most recent analysis of OLR is from the M9.0 Sumatra Andaman Islands mega trust event. We compared the reference fields for December 2001 to 2004 and found OLR anomalous values, > 80 W/m², (2σ) within the epicentral area on Dec 21, 2004, 5 days before the event. We used the NOAA/IR daily (one degree) and monthly (two and half degree) gridded data to differentiate between the global and seasonal variability and the transient local anomalies. The cause of such anomalies is not fully understood; one possible explanation is the existence of thermal outgoing radiation as a result of near ground air ionization and latent heat change due to change of air humidity and temperature. This phenomenon is hypothesized to be part of a relationship between tectonic stresses, electrochemical and thermodynamic processes in the atmosphere and increasing mid IR flux, all part of a family of electromagnetic (EM) phenomena related to earthquake activity. The time scale of the observed variations is a few weeks before the onset of the seismic event. In comparison with several years of data, the observed time-series preceding the earthquake had unusually high OLR. The OLR anomaly corresponds to a large area of ground coverage and coincides with the main epicentral zone. The significance of these observations is explored using data from most recent East Asian earthquake swarm of December 2004 and three other earthquakes.