刍论大连湾底质地化环境

本文根据1987年的调查资料,总结阐述了大连湾底质地化环境诸要素的分布规律及其特征,运用相关分析法,通过多元回归计算求得了诸要素之间的关系。经过综合因素分析,得出了大连湾氧化还原环境分区、还原环境的成因及发展趋势。     

长岛养殖扇贝丰,欠原因的初步探讨

通过对长岛扇贝养殖环境两年(1989、1990)监测及历史资料的初步分析研究,得出了影响长岛养殖扇贝丰欠的主要因子有:1)长岛地区的降水量;2)海水中浮游植物含量;3)海水盐度。建立了适合长岛水域的模糊综合评判关系式用以综合评判长岛的扇贝养殖环境及其与养殖扇贝丰、欠之间的关系。     

Annual Anthropogenic Carbon Transport into the North Pacific Intermediate Water through the Kuroshio/Oyashio Interfrontal Zone: An Estimation from CFCs Distribution

Vertical distribution of anthropogenic carbon content of the water (exDIC) in the Oyashio area just outside of the Kuroshio/Oyashio Interfrontal Zone (K/O Zone) was estimated by the simple 1-D advection-diffusion model calibrated by the distribution of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). The average concentration of exDIC for = 26.60–27.00 is multiplied by the volume transport of Oyashio water into the North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) to estimate the annual transport of exDIC into NPIW through K/O Zone. The estimated transport of exDIC was 0.018–0.020 GtC/y, which corresponds to 15% of the whole total exDIC accumulation in the temperate North Pacific. A simple assessment using the NPIW 1-box model indicates that the current study explains at least 70% of the total annual transport of exDIC into NPIW, and that small exDIC sources for NPIW still exists in addition to K/O Zone.     

对应分析方法在粤西水东湾动力沉积环境分析的应用

本文以粤西水东湾表层沉积物样品的粒度分布为基本数据,使用对应分析方法并结合地形与波流特征,分析了海湾动力沉积环境。分析结果表明,海湾现代沉积环境可划分为4个动力沉积区。     

High Precision Geoid Models HKGEOID-2000 for Hong Kong and SZGEOID-2000 for Shenzhen, China

High precision geoid models HKGEOID-2000 for Hong Kong and SZGEOID-2000 for Shenzhen, China, have been developed with a hybrid approach of so-called sequential processing, using high precision GPS/leveling data, land and sea gravity anomalies, and digital terrain models. These two local geoid models have the same 1-km resolution. The estimated accuracy (external accuracy) is better than 1.7 cm for HKGEOID-2000 and 1.4 cm for SZGEOID-2000. Some common areas are covered by HKGEOID-2000 and SZGEOID-2000. So these two geoid models, along with high quality GPS/leveling data collected on the overlapping areas, can be used to detect the systematic bias between HKGEOID-2000 and SZGEOID-2000, as well as the difference between Hong Kong Principal Datum and 1956 yellow sea height datum of China, yielding RMS errors of 1.011 m and 1,003 m, respectively. Moreover, HKGEOID-2000, along with GPS ellipsoidal heights, is employed to determine the errors of the “orthometric heights” from purely trigonometric heighting, yielding an RMS error of 0.102 m. The combination of SZGEOID-2000 and GPS ellipsoidal heights has been used to replace the traditional spirit leveling and mapping, called GPS mapping.     

水成沉积与风成沉积及古土壤的磁组构特征

晚第四纪水成沉积、风成沉积、古土壤等的磁组构研究表明,不同成因的沉积物具有明显不同的磁组构特征。一般地,水成沉积的体积磁化率Ｋ受物源和水动力因素控制,Ｐ和Ｆ均＞１．０２,ｑ＜０．５;风成沉积的Ｋ受物源控制,内陆黄土的Ｋ明显高于沿海黄土及海岸风沙Ｋ,Ｐ和Ｆ均＜１．０２,ｑ的平均值＞０．５５;古土壤的Ｋ受母质沉积类型和成土环境的氧化还原条件控制,内陆古土壤的Ｋ偏高,沿海古土壤的Ｋ偏低,内陆古土壤的Ｋ远高于沿海古土壤的Ｋ,Ｐ和Ｆ均＜１．０２,ｑ的平均值在０．５左右。运用典型沉积的磁组构特征对比分析未知沉积物,可以得到未知沉积物的物源、沉积过程和环境信息。     

从山羊寨哺乳动物化石看柳江盆地洞穴堆积的时代与环境

山羊寨洞穴堆积是河北省秦皇岛“柳江盆地地质遗迹自然保护区”众多溶洞的洞穴堆积之一，其中含有大量的哺乳动物化石。经发掘整理与鉴定，采用生物地层学和哺乳动物生活习性对比分析方法，确定其时代为Qp^2.3，晚于辽宁营口“金牛山下组动物群”，早于河北“迁安爪村动物群”和内蒙古“萨拉乌苏动物群”，其特征反映了中国华北与东北过渡地带中更新世晚期至晚更新世早期的哺乳动物面貌，并反映出当时区内森林、森林草原、草原和水域条件等生态环境的多次时空变化。如此众多哺乳动物化石的发现增加了保护区遗迹资源的多样性和保护价值；为该区洞穴堆积的时代与沉积环境研究提供了依据；改变了区内洞穴堆积仅为中更新世地层的认识。     

福清湾北部及其以东近岸海域沉积环境和沉积特征

本文对福清湾北部及其以东近岸海域的地质地貌，潮流和波浪等沉积环境因素，以及对沉积物和悬浮泥沙的粒度，矿物特征进行研究，认为福清湾为溺谷型的半封闭潮汐汊道海湾存在着较大的潮差和潮流流速，沉积物沿潮流方向呈东粗西细和岸边细、向海变粗的潮流分异特征，潮流控制着沉积物的布局，而属于潮控的浅海沉积环境。