Stratigraphic architecture of sedimentary basin induced by mantle diapiric upwelling and eustatic event

The stratigraphic architecture of sedimentary basin provides important constraints on the rheological structure of the upper mantle and the crust, eustatic events and tectonic movements. In this study, we examined the convective coupling between the uppermost mantle and ductile lower crust as a formation mechanism of sedimentary basins. In this mechanism, the lower crust is squeezed by the upper mantle flow associated with mantle diapiric upwelling, resulting in the surface subsidence and formation of sedimentary basin. We investigated the stratigraphic architecture by taking into account the horizontal migration of the upwelling in time and spatial domains. The sedimentary basin is characterized by both the thickness and formation period for its gross feature and the sequence stratigraphy. The decay of the upwelling causes the surface uplift, and some parts of sediments deposited during the surface subsidence are consequently eroded. The subsidence area moves as the activity of upwelling horizontally migrates, resulting in the formation of unconformity for the uplifted and eroded area over the previous upwelling. We also incorporated the effects of third order eustasy, with amplitude of 100 m and period of 1 Myr, into convective coupling model. An application of our model to Karatsu-Sasebo coalfield in the Tertiary of the northwest Kyushu, Japan, indicates that the stratigraphic architecture of sedimentary basin including two effects, i.e. convective coupling and eustasy, may provide important information about the viscosity structure of the lower crust and uppermost mantle and spatio-temporal growth and decay histories of the mantle diapiric upwelling.     

角砾岩型金矿床——种值得重视的金矿床类型

角砾岩型金矿床量种重要的金矿床类型。中国角砾岩型金矿床分为四种主要类型：与小侵入岩体有关的角砾岩型金矿床,与斑岩系统有关的角砾岩型金矿床;与火山一次火山岩有关的角砾岩型金矿床;产在不整合面或沉积间断面上的角砾岩型金矿床,文章在对第类矿床实例进行矿床地质特征描述后,分析了战国角砾岩金矿床的找矿前景并指出寻找角砾岩型金矿床最有希望的地区。     

莺歌海盆地泥-流体底辟构造成因机制与天然气运聚

莺歌海盆地的泥 -流体底辟构造发育演化是区域构造应力场变化和超压体系形成演化的结果。与盆地构造类型密切相关的不均衡压实和热作用引起盆地超压体系的发育 ,而区域构造应力场变化则导致盆地中中新世以泥底辟作用为主 ,晚中新世—第四纪以流体底辟作用为主 ,其中 ,早期泥底辟阶段形成的构造形态对晚期流体底辟作用有显著的控制作用。在莺歌海组浅层底辟圈闭中 ,圈闭形成期与中新统气源岩生烃过程的匹配是造成含不同天然气组分的流体发生幕式充注的主要原因     

山东省邹平铜矿17号矿体矿床成因

邹平铜矿17号矿体是高中温热液矿床并严格受隐爆角砾岩筒控制,而非伟晶岩型矿床,已被海内外众多同行所认可。该文在勘查结合坑道观测的基础上,通过深入研究和分析对比,进一步证实并坚定了对矿床成因的认识,并澄清了一些模糊看法及无根据的推测。     

南海北部深水盆地流体活动系统及其成藏意义

根据高精度的3D和2D地震资料,对南海北部深水盆地的流体活动系统的类型、影响因素和它们之间的演化关系进行了研究.南海北部深水区存在着包括:泥火山、泥底辟、气烟囱、管状通道、多边形断层和构造断层等多种类型的流体活动系统.根据地震反射特征,可以把它们划分为断层有关的流体活动系统和柱状流体活动系统两大类.研究发现研究区内的流体活动系统主要受构造和沉积两方面的影响.并且,气烟囱、泥底辟和泥火山存在着单向演化的关系,可以从是否有沉积物参与运移及是否喷出海底将它们区分开来.最后,本文探讨了流体活动系统对深水油气和天然气水合物成藏的重要影响,建立了南海北部流体活动系统的存在模式.     

山东五莲七宝山窑头隐爆角砾岩筒矿化特征及意义

五莲七宝山地区岩浆活动频繁,具有多期次岩浆活动。环状断裂与辐射状断裂发育,形成七宝山复式火山机构。隐爆角砾岩是火山活动的产物,具有良好的成矿机制和控矿作用,窑头隐爆角砾岩筒成矿时代为燕山晚期。对窑头隐爆角砾岩筒的产状、分布、规模、围岩蚀变等地质特征进行了分析,推断窑头铜（金）矿为隐爆角砾岩型低温热液小型矿床。     

陕西谭家沟热水沉积型金矿床地质特征与成因分析

谭家沟金矿产于中泥盆统热水沉积岩中。矿体位于铁白云石硅质岩构造角砾带 ,是以浸染状矿化为主 ,由热水沉积铁白云石硅质岩提供矿质并基本在层内富集成矿的热水沉积改造型金矿床。铅同位素特征表明成矿金属来源于地壳 ;硫同位素组成特征表明硫主要来自海水硫酸盐的还原硫 ;氢氧同位素测试数据表明 ,成矿流体主要为原生建造水。成矿流体为SO4 2 F/Na Ca2 型 ,成矿物理化学条件为弱中等还原环境 ,成矿温度 15 0～ 170℃ ,盐度w(NaCl)为 6 .86 %。     

香炉碗子金矿区次火山岩及其地球化学特征

香炉碗子金矿区分布的次火山岩是由花岗质岩浆沿东西向脆-韧性剪切带上升到地壳浅部隐爆而成,隐爆角砾岩体与霏细岩脉来自同一岩浆源,为同一岩浆活动不同演化阶段的产物,隐爆角砾岩体(脉)、霏细岩脉在时间上、空间上、成因上与金矿形成关系密切.稀土元素、微量元素、同位素等地球化学特征显示出成矿物质和成矿热液与隐爆角砾岩、霏细岩同源,成岩与成矿是同一岩浆作用不同阶段的产物.东西向脆-韧性剪切带内隐爆角砾岩体(脉)、霏细岩脉的存在是区内重要的找矿标志.     

Mapping salt diapirs and salt diapir-affected areas using MLP neural network model and ASTER data

Abstract

This study employs visible-near infrared and short wave infrared datasets of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) to map salt diapirs and salt diapir-affected areas using Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) in the Zagros Folded Belt, Iran, and introduces the role of earth observation technology and a type of digital earth processing in lithological mapping and geo-environmental impact assessment. MLP neural network model with several learning rates between 0.01 and 0.1 was carried out on ASTER L1B data, and the results were compared using confusion matrices. The most appropriate classification image for L1B input to MLP was produced by learning rate of 0.01 with Kappa coefficient of 0.90 and overall accuracy of 92.54%. The MLP result of input data set mapped lithological units of salt diapirs and demonstrated affected areas at the southern and western parts of the Konarsiah and Jahani diapirs, respectively. Field observations and X-ray diffraction analyses of field samples confirmed the dominant mineral phases identified remotely. It is concluded that MLP is an efficient approach for mapping salt diapirs and salt-affected areas.