斜压模,正压模和异常海温时间变化的位相关系

利用１９５８－１９９７共４０年ＮＥＣＰ／ＮＣＡＲ再分析大气资料和ＧＩＳＳＴ海表温度资料集,研究了大气斜压模、正压模与海表温度变化这三者之间位相关系,并从大气动力学方程组解释了这些位相关系。指出：大气了斜压西风异常时间变化的位相落略微后于ＳＳＴＡ的变化位相,而正压西风异常的变化位相超前于ＳＳ－ＴＡ变化位相。斜压纬向风异常的变化又超前于正压异常纬向风的变化。斜压纬向风异常与海表温度异常之间存在正相关关     

湖南晚二叠世生物礁成岩作用的碳,氧同位素研究

本文通过对湖南晚二叠世生物礁中的有关胶结物及岩石的碳、氧稳定同位素研究,并结合薄片观察、探针成分分析、包裹体测温等,探讨了该地区生物礁成岩作用中的有关成岩特征。研究认为：①湖南晚二叠世生物礁中胶结物从早期到晚期δ＾１３Ｃ和δ＾１８Ｏ值总体上均有变轻的趋势,反映了礁体为一连续埋藏的成岩过程;②生物礁中所见白云石化现象主要属埋藏压实成因,礁休基本未受早期淡水或混合水影响;③礁中粗晶方解石胶结物形成于深     

云南地区地震总体活动水平起伏规律研究

系统分析了本世纪以来云南地区逐年最大地震强度序列的演变,揭示出了地震活动强弱循环各阶段的基本变化规律,并对其机理进行了探讨。指出地震活动的分期性和强弱交替性是云南地区地震活动的基本特征之一。在此基础上,运用混沌理论,建立了云南地区年最大地震强度的多维相空间相似统计预报模式,确定出构成最佳预报模式的最佳参变量。最后应用本模式对1987~1997年云南地区逐年最大地震强度进行了外推定量预测和定性预报准确率检验,结果表明,当外推时间L=1年和4年时,定量预测平均绝对误差$\Delta\bar{M}$分别为0.53和0.46;有无M≥6强震的辨识率ƒ=0.90,高于年自然发生率0.50。该预报模式输出稳定,可成为判断云南地区地震形势的重要依据。     

Barite concretions as evidence of pauses in sedimentation in the Marnes Bleues Formation of the Vocontian Basin (SE France)

Several intervals rich in barite nodules occur in the mid-Cretaceous marls of the Vocontian Trough (SE France). These concretions, which grew on heterogeneities in the sediment, are arranged as horizons parallel to the bedding, and are often associated with carbonate and phosphate nodules. Detailed sedimentological and stratigraphical observations suggest that they represent the consequence of short-term pauses in sedimentation during early diagenesis, but the most important occurrences of barite are below prominent discontinuities. This may be explained by the frequency of pauses in sedimentation caused by a progressive starvation, or an increase in the energy of bottom-water currents. The high number of barite occurrences on the basin margins is directly linked to the recurrence of sedimentary breaks. The geochemical data show that the host sediment corresponds to a pelagic setting, far from hydrothermal influences, but generally in a restricted, dysoxic to suboxic, depositional environment. The sulphur isotopic composition of the barite sulphate (+16 to +76‰ rel. CDT) supports the hypothesis of an early diagenetic origin of the barite nodules. Their genesis may be explained by the fixation of a diagenetic front corresponding to the penetration of a sulphate reduction zone from the seawater–sediment interface down in the sediment which is in contact with barium-rich porewaters expelled upwards as a consequence of compaction. The barium of biogenic origin, initially stored in the underlying black shale, was mobilized under strongly reducing conditions. Such fixation is normally induced by a pause or a stop in sedimentation due to starvation or renewed bottom-water circulation. Together with other concretions, the barite nodules mark condensed stratigraphic intervals and often represent major breaks. As such they shed light on variations in sedimentary activity and their importance in the sedimentology and stratigraphy of pelagic marly sequences cannot be ignored.     

Eocene cool-water carbonate and biosiliceous sedimentation dynamics, St Vincent Basin, South Australia

Middle and Upper Eocene biogenic sediments in the Willunga Embayment along the eastern margin of the St Vincent Basin are a series of warm‐temperate limestones, marls and spiculites. The Middle Eocene Tortachilla Limestone is a thin, coarse grained, quartzose, biofragmental, bryozoan–mollusc calcarenite of stacked metre‐scale depositional cycles with hardground caps. Lithification, aragonite dissolution and the filling of moulds by sediment and cement characterize early marine‐meteoric diagenesis. Further meteoric diagenesis at the end of Tortachilla deposition resulted in dissolution, Fe‐oxide precipitation and calcite cementation. The Upper Eocene Blanche Point Formation is composed of coccolith and spiculite marl and spiculite, all locally rich in glauconite, turritellid gastropods and sponges. Decimetre‐scale units, locally capped by firmgrounds, have fossiliferous lower parts and relatively barren upper parts. Carbonate diagenesis is minor, with much aragonite still present, but early silicification is extensive, except in the spiculite, which is still opal‐A. All depositional environments are interpreted as relatively shallow water: high energy during the Middle Eocene and low energy during the Upper Eocene, reflecting the variable importance of a basin‐entrance archipelago of carbonate highs. Marls and spiculites are interpreted to have formed under an overall estuarine circulation system in a humid climate. Basinal waters, although well mixed, were turbid and rich in land‐derived nutrients, yet subphotic near the sea floor. These low‐energy, inner‐shelf biosiliceous sediments occur in coeval environments across other parts of Australia and elsewhere in the rock record, suggesting that they are a recurring element of the cool‐water, carbonate shelf depositional system. Thus, spiculites and spiculitic carbonates in the rock record need be neither deep basinal nor polar in origin. The paradox of a shallow‐water carbonate–spiculite association may be more common in geological history than generally realized and may reflect a characteristic mid‐latitude, humid climate, temperate water, palaeoenvironmental association.     

测井资料在钻速预测中的应用研究

在分析了国内外钻速预测研究现状的基础上,选择了岩石可钻性法来对胜利油田东营凹陷钻速进行预测研究,建立了声波预测钻速的钻速方程,并利用现场资料对钻速方程进行了验证,同时进行了２口井的钻速预测,预测精度达到９０％以上。     

准东下侏罗统三工河组砂岩成岩作用及其对孔隙的影响

准噶尔盆地东部下侏罗统三工河组孔隙类型：主要有剩余原生粒间孔和次生孔隙。剩余原生粒间孔是成岩早期淀粘主石英加在形成的,它们围绕屑边部分布。本地区,在剩余原生粒间孔发育的茂盛上、发生溶蚀作用,形成一些原生扩大孔,超大孔、粒内溶孔等。成岩早期胶结作用形成剩余原生粒间孔,晚期的溶蚀作用形成次生孔隙。     

油气藏动力学成因模式与分类

根据油气运聚的动力和作用方式将油气藏成因分为 3类 8种 17式。这 8种分别是 :①高压势场作用下形成的油气藏 ;②低压势场作用下形成的油气藏 ;③油水携带溶解气游离释放形成的天然气藏 ;④浮力作用下形成的油气藏 ;⑤毛细管力作用下形成的油气藏 ;⑥天然气体积膨胀形成的深盆气藏 ;⑦分子吸附作用形成的煤层瓦斯气藏 ;⑧分子水合作用形成的水合甲烷气藏。①～③种为突发式流压作用形成的油气藏 ,④～⑥种为缓慢式烃势差形成的油气藏 ,⑦和⑧为非常规条件下天然气汇聚形成的特殊类型的 (油 )气藏。相同动力学成因的油气藏因实际地质条件的差异可以进一步分成亚类。不同动力学成因的油气藏的分布规律、主控因素和产状特征不同。研究油气运聚的动力机制和成因模式对指导油气田勘探、提高勘探效益具有重要意义。