吉林省硅灰石资源开发利用现状及展望

通过对吉林省硅灰石矿产资源开发利用现状及存在问题的分析,结合国內外硅灰石产需形势、硅灰石应用方向及技术标准,展望了硅灰石开发利用的市场发展趋势。     

Challenges to the development of carbon markets in China

China has introduced several pilot emission trading schemes to build the basis for a national scheme. The potential scale of this initiative raises prospects for a regional carbon trading network as a way to further engage other major Asian economies. However, the Chinese carbon markets rest upon a unique political-economic context and institutional environment that are likely to limit their development and viability. This article offers an overview of such structural economic and political constraints. Four main challenges are identified, namely, inadequate domestic demand, limited financial involvement, incomplete regulatory infrastructure, and excessive government intervention. The first two challenges concern economic dimensions and may be partially addressed by the incentives created by the newly introduced emission trading schemes. The other two are more deeply entrenched in the dominant political system and governing practice. They require fundamental changes to the ways in which the state and the market interact. The success of China's carbon market reform depends crucially on the ability of the ongoing efforts to transform the distorted state–market relationship.

Policy relevance

The burgeoning carbon markets offer opportunities for emissions mitigation at lower costs and enable circulation of a new form of capital, i.e. carbon credits, across borders. China accounts for a gigantic share of global GHG emissions and has the potential to significantly scale up these opportunities. There are clear implications for market developers and participants worldwide, including climate policy makers who attempt to link their emission trading schemes to other schemes, firms who seek to take advantage of the inexpensive carbon offsets generated in developing countries, international financial institutions who endeavour to establish their business in an emerging major carbon market, etc. This article can inform their decisions by identifying key issues that may undermine their ability to achieve these goals. Policy makers and stakeholders will benefit from this analysis, which shows how the Chinese carbon markets operate in ways that may be different from their experience elsewhere.     

基于低场核磁共振的煤储层束缚水饱和度应力响应研究与动态预测——以保德和韩城区块为例

煤层气开发过程中储层应力的变化对束缚水饱和度有重要影响。通过对不同煤阶煤储层的煤样进行覆压低场核磁共振系列实验,采用谱图形态经验判定法对核磁T₂截止值进行标定,在此基础上分析了不同煤阶储层束缚水饱和度随应力的变化规律,并对保德和韩城区块的束缚水饱和度开展了动态计算。实验结果表明：束缚水饱和度具有较强的应力敏感性,并且在有效应力增加初期变化最为强烈;由于孔隙结构的差异,这种应力敏感性在保德区块表现得更为强烈。动态预测结果表明：由于保德区块储层埋深变化范围较小,其初始束缚水饱和度受埋深影响的总变化量小于韩城区块;埋深较浅的储层束缚水饱和度在开发过程中的应力敏感性更强,但开发过程进行到末期后,束缚水饱和度总的增加幅度基本一致。     

整顿矿业秩序 促进地质环境与社会效益协调发展

山东省在矿产资源勘查开采秩序整顿工作中 ,突出重要交通沿线、海岸线和自然保护区、风景名胜区、城市规划区的地质环境保护工作 ,通过健全机制、强化措施、规范管理 ,促进了地质环境和社会效益的协调发展 ,同时分析了维护良好地质环境的治本之策     

巩义市非煤矿产资源存在的问题与对策浅议

巩义市是郑州的矿业大市 ,非煤矿产资源丰富。随着市场经济的逐步深入 ,非煤矿产资源勘查与开发的逐步升级 ,存在的问题也日益显现。如何解决这些问题 ,推动非煤矿业健康发展 ,是一个十分重要的课题。该文简要概述了巩义市辖区内非煤矿产资源概况 ,阐述了非煤矿产资源存在的问题 ,并归纳为五个重点 ,针对五个重点问题提出一些改进的相应对策     

耦合FLUS和Markov的快速发展城市土地利用空间格局模拟方法

模拟城市土地利用空间变化格局的研究,对未来区域规划以及实现可持续发展具有十分积极的作用。以往基于FLUS的研究栅格尺度较大,如何模拟快速发展中城市的复杂土地利用变化过程,挖掘土地利用变化驱动机制值得进一步探讨。本文构建了耦合FLUS和Markov的城市土地利用格局拟合框架,创新性地引入房价指标表征社会经济属性,以深圳为研究区,基于30 m空间分辨率小栅格尺度的土地利用分类数据和基础地理、路网河网、感兴趣点等多源空间变量,模拟不同发展情景下的未来城市土地利用空间格局,并通过随机森林进行土地利用变化驱动因素分析。研究结果表明:本文提出的耦合FLUS和Markov方法相较于传统CA模型（RFA-CA和Logistic-CA）精度更高（FoM=0.22）,能更准确地模拟快速发展中城市的土地利用变化过程;多情景土地利用格局制图结果验证了城市发展过程中生态控制线的重要性,进一步说明本文拟合框架在未来城市规划布局中的参考价值;医院、娱乐场所等的基础设施和公交、路网密度等的基础交通比自然因素（高程、坡度）对城市发展的影响更大,到海岸线距离会在一定程度上限制深圳内部土地利用变化过程。本研究所构建模型及精细制图结果,可为城市区域规划和空间格局模拟等相关研究提供参考依据和理论基础。     

鄂尔多斯地块西部南北向拆离滑覆构造

鄂尔多斯地块西部东西向的推覆构造及基底拆离现象已有较多的讨论和研究.对重力作用下的南北向基底拆离滑覆现象还未见讨论.以地震反射特征的明显差异为依据,结合区域地质特征,研究了鄂尔多斯地块西部南北向基底拆离形成的韦州-石沟驿拆离滑覆构造.它在地震剖面上表现为:滑脱面以上的多层平行反射、不出现逆冲推覆前缘带复杂变形造成的杂乱反射;平面上形成与周邻明显的构造不协调性.韦州-石沟驿拆离滑覆构造形成于晚侏罗世地块西部大规模的东西向逆冲推覆造成的南高北低的构造背景下,在重力作用下由南至北沿T9界面附近的煤系地层拆离滑覆,在东、西、北均以断层与周邻相接,为一外来岩席构成的复式向斜,构造变形相对简单.本研究对该区的构造演化研究及油气勘探具有一定的启示意义.     

鲁西寒武系层序地层特征及在区调中的应用

鲁西地区寒武纪地层发育较好,沉积记录具旋回性的特点。根据层序地层学的原理与方法,按照不同的层序界面类型、岩石组合特点及沉积相序叠置关系,在该区寒武系中识别出１５个三级层序界面,划分出１４个三级层序（—Ｃ１～—Ｃ１４）。这些层序的共同特点是海侵体系域和高水位体系域发育较好,而典型的低水位体系域则未见及。通过分析海平面的变化规律及其延续时限,它们被归并为两个中层序（ＭＳ１、ＭＳ２）,分别对应于二级海平面变化旋回和碳酸盐台地的两个发育阶段。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed is the article: Small-State Security in the Balkans . Aurel Braun. South American Development: A Geographical Introduction . Rosemary D. F. Bromley and Ray Bromley. Interregional Migration, National Policy and Social Justice . Gordon L. Clark. Marketing Architectural and Engineering Services . Weld Coxe. A Geography of the Third World . J. P. Dickenson, C. G. Clarke, W. T. S. Gould, R. M. Prothero, D. J. Siddle, C. T. Smith, E. M. Thomas-Hope, and A. G. Hodgkiss. Wildlife and Man in Texas: Environmental Change and Conservation . Robin W. Doughty. At the Sea's Edge . William T. Fox. Englewood Cliffs Geography and Ecology . I. P. Gerasimov. Urbanization in Contemporary Latin America. Critical Approaches to the Analysis of Urban Issues . Alan Gilbert in association with Jorge E. Hardoy and Ronaldo Ramírez, eds. The Coming of the Transactional City . Jean Gottmann. College Park Visions of City and Country: Prints and Photographs of Nineteenth-Century France . Bonnie L. Grad and Timothy A. Riggs. Worcester Soviet Geography Today: Physical Geography . N. A. Gvozdetskiy, ed. Adaptive Responses of Native Amazonians . Raymond B. Hames and William T. Vickers, eds. Urban and Regional Industrial Research: The Changing UK Data Base . Michael Healey, ed. Cuando se Acaban los Montes . Stanley Heckadon Moreno. A Panama Forest and Shore: Natural History and Amerindian Culture in Bocas del Toro . Burton L. Gordon. Pacific Grove Mozambique: From Colonialism to Revolution, 1900–1982 . Allen Isaacman and Barbara Isaacman. Soviet Natural Resources in the World Economy . Robert G. Jensen, Theodore Shabad, and Arthur W. Wright, eds. The Changing Geography of the United Kingdom . R. J. Johnston and J. C. Doornkamp, eds. Pluralism and Political Geography—People, Territory and State . Nurit Kliot and Stanley Waterman, eds. Landmarks Preservation and the Property Tax . David Listokin. Irrigation Horticulture in Highland Guatemala: The Tablón System of Panajachel . Kent Mathewson. Her Space, Her Place: A Geography of Women . Mary Ellen Mazey and David R. Lee. Man, A Geomorphological Agent . Dov Nir. Dordrecht The Book of America: Inside the 50 States Today . Neal R. Peirce and Jerry Hagstrom. Rivers . Geoffrey E. Petts. Proceedings, United States/Australia Workshop on Design and Implementation of Computer-Based Geographic Information Systems . Donna Peuquet and John O'Callaghan, eds. Outdoor Recreational and Resource Management . John Pigram. Remaking the City: Social Science Perspectives on Urban Design . John S. Pipkin, Mark La Gory and Judith R. Blau, eds. The Crust of Our Earth: An Armchair Traveler's Guide to the New Geology . Chet Raymo. Englewood Cliffs Concepts and Themes in the Regional Geography of Canada J. Lewis Robinson. Vancouver Secondary Cities in Developing Countries: Policies for Diffusing Urbanization . Dennis A. Rondinelli. Beverly Hills Legal Foundations of Environmental Planning , Vol 1. J. G. Rose. Can We Delay a Greenhouse Warming? Stephen Seidel and Dale Keyes. Mobilizing Human Resources in the Arab World . R. Paul Shaw. Prairie Mosaic: An Ethnic Atlas of Rural North Dakota . William C. Sherman. The Future of Conflict in the 1980s . William J. Taylor, Jr. and Steven A. Maaranen, eds. The Visual Display of Quantitative Information . Edward R. Tufte. U.S. 40 Today: Thirty Years of landscape Change in America . Thomas R. Vale and Geraldine R. Vale. Madison Silent Violence: Food, Famine and Peasantry in Northern Nigeria . Michael Watts. Readings in Historic Preservation: Why? What? How? Norman Williams Jr., Edmund Kellogg and Frank Gilbert, eds.     

北斗卫星导航区域系统发展应用综述

简要介绍了北斗卫星导航系统（北斗系统,BDS）的发展思路和发展规划,综述了北斗卫星导航区域系统（北斗二号系统）的发展简况、应用特性和应用现状。