THE ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY OF CARIBBEAN ISLAND NATIONS*

ABSTRACT. Within the hazards‐ and disaster‐research community consensus exists as to factors that magnify or attenuate the effects of extreme natural events on local places. But less agreement and understanding exist concerning the methods or techniques for comparing hazard vulnerability within or between places, especially small‐island developing states. Using two Caribbean nations, Saint Vincent and Barbados, as study sites, we asked which island has the greater level of hazard vulnerability, and why. Results indicate that, although neither island has a large portion of its population living in extremely hazardous locations, Barbados has many more residents in risk‐prone areas. The methods used in this research provide valuable tools for local emergency managers in assessing vulnerability, especially through the delineation of highly vulnerable hot spots. They can also help donor organizations interested in vulnerability reduction on islands use their resources more efficiently.     

Natural hazard impacts in small island developing states: A review of current knowledge and future research needs

Small island developing states (or SIDS) are exposed to a large number of natural hazards and many characteristics of small island developing states make them particularly vulnerable to the impacts of natural hazards. In spite of this acknowledged vulnerability, there are relatively few studies which focus on the impacts of natural hazards in these countries. This paper presents a review of our current state of knowledge of impacts in small island developing states and highlights a number of research needs. Central to these is the need to integrate natural hazards research within a sustainable development context and the need to exploit existing procedures such as government coordinated disaster impact assessments to generate a detailed understanding of natural hazards impacts.     

分布式ArcGIS Server体系结构的研究与开发

ArcGIS Server是一个用来构建企业级GIS应用的平台。由核心的ArcObjects构建,是对ESRI两个其他企业应用服务器ArcSDE和ArcIMS的一个补充。ArcGIS Server可以运行在全部主流服务器平台;支持全部通用开发环境;包含全部当前在ArcGIS桌面中提供的强大的制图、查询分析以及地理编码能力。ArcGIS Server为.Net和Java的开发者提供了Web应用开发框架(ADF),方便了基于浏览器的GIS应用的开发。同时,Arc-GIS Server也提供了一系列的Web控件和应用程序模板,用于创建自定义的应用。     

坚持可持续发展战略做大做强南宁地区矿业经济

南宁地区矿产资源相对丰富,改革开放以来矿业经济得到了长足发展.但乱开滥采、破坏、浪费资源现象仍然存在,经营粗放、污染环境等仍较普遍.要做大做强矿业经济,坚持可持续发展是当务之急.     

某低品位软锰矿的化学浸出试验研究

文章通过对某地低品位软锰矿的试验研究 ,采用直接浸出工艺流程 ,可获得较好技术指标的硫酸锰产品 ,为同类型锰矿的开发利用进行了有益探索。     

减少发展中国家毁林排放谈判进展

减少毁林可为减缓大气温室气体浓度上升做出重要贡献,因此减少毁林的议题已被提上气候公约谈判的议事日程（议题6）,将成为今后相当长时间内谈判的重要议题之一。通过调研和分析各缔约方提交的对减少毁林提案的意见及附属科学技术咨询机构（SBSTA）第24届会议的谈判情况,对各国的观点进行了归纳总结和剖析。     

黄土高原贫困山区经济持续发展战略--以晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区为例

针对晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区的区情特点,在分析预测该区发展机遇和主要产品市场前景的基础上,提出了新时期新形势下的经济可持续发展的方向和重点,同时选出区域的重点产业和重点开发区,相对集中建设,以培植区域增长极,作为开发整治的依托,最后提出贫困山区科技扶贫、信息与联系协作扶贫、融资与项目扶贫等对策思路。其结论为：黄土高原贫困山区可持续发展同时肩负着脱贫致富与生态建设双重重任,须将经济开发与环境整治及科技进步     

河南省旅游经济发展的前景分析

文章分析河南省旅游经济发展目前存在问题：即效能运输发展滞后、高速公路发展缓慢、配套旅游设施不完善、旅游产品的文化品位低、市场定位不准、管理体制不畅等问题,这无疑制约了河南旅游经济的持续健康发展。同时,提出了河南要在国内外旅游市场上提高知名度,就必须要关注观光农业、探险旅游、城市水体开发、生态旅游、虚拟现实技术等一些新的旅游经济增长点,走旅游经济可持续发展的道路。     

Regional tourism and South-South economic cooperation

Regional tourism within developing countries is a growing phenomenon. Yet this aspect has been largely neglected in social science research as well as tourism planning. This paper highlights the general nature, scale and economic significance of regional tourism in three leading regions in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The topic is especially timely as economic self-reliance and cooperation are increasingly reiterated in the context of the emergence of regional groupings. A key question addressed is whether regional tourism development represents any new and viable prospects for regional economic improvement and partnership, especially compared to international tourism centred on attracting visitors from industrialized countries. Based on a critical assessment of the experiences of three regional blocs (ASEAN – the Association of South-East Asian Nations; SADC – the Southern African Development Community; and Mercosur – a common market comprising Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, with Chile being an associated member), the paper suggests that a basic appreciation of the prospects of regional tourism is not enough to produce perceptible benefits. Regional tourism development is occurring in a haphazard manner, with little attention to managing existing socio-economic inequalities and centre-periphery relations. The paper is based primarily on the review of secondary literature readily available to the author combined with a few documents obtained directly from different regional organizations or through Internet search. A small amount of material, especially concerning emerging tourism trends and outcomes, is drawn from a research project on national mass tourism in developing countries coordinated by the author at the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, Geneva.     

再论广西桂西、桂西北高峰丛热带岩溶发育历史

本文借助桂西、桂西北岩溶高峰丛洼地区内一些不同时代堆积物,对该区热带岩溶发育历史作了一些研究,其结论基本与笔者以前的推论相一致。即桂西、桂西北高峰丛洼地热带岩溶可能由侏罗纪就开始,早白垩纪基本奠定了本区岩溶地貌雏形,以后的岩溶发育是在此地貌雏形基础上的继承发育,一直至今。从中、上新世以来由于两个地壳活动期,使该区更为强烈上升,岩溶垂向发育得到了加强,形成了现在广西最年轻的高峰丛洼地地区。