GeoStar在北京绿化隔离带规划发展信息系统中的应用

概述了北京市区绿化隔离地区规划发展信息系统建设的背景，介绍了系统的总体构成，第一期建设的内容，系统功能模块与实现。通过本 建设，表明国产GIS软件GeoStar在二维矢量，三维表现，DEM，影像以及与MIS结合的综合应用中具有较强的优势。     

矢量曲线的特征点提取

讨论了矢量曲线数据压缩的问题，介绍了Douglas-Peucker法并指出了其优缺点。提出了一种改进的Douglas-Peucker法，使速度有很大提高。还提出了一种新的方法－逐点前进法。试验表明，新方法比前述方法的保真度要好，曲线起伏变化大时速度大大快于前者。     

GPS基线非线性解算的精度评定方法

在GPS基线向量非线性平差解算的基础上，分析了单位权中误差估值，平差值的精度估计和基线长度的精度估计，并给出了简明的直接估计公式，为GPS基线向量非线性平差解算的精度评定提供了直接的评定公式。     

Damage localization under ambient vibration using changes in flexibility

In recent years, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has emerged as a new research area in civil engineering. Most existing health monitoring methodologies require direct measurement of input excitation for implementation. However, in many cases, there is no easy way to measure these inputs - or alternatively to externally excite the structure. Therefore, SHM methods based on ambient vibration have become important in civil engineering. In this paper, an approach is proposed based on the Damage Location Vector (DLV) method to handle the ambient vibration case. Here, this flexibility-matrix-based damage localization method is combined with a modal expansion technique to eliminate the need to measure the input excitation. As a by-product of this approach, in addition to determining the location of the damage, an estimate of the damage extent also can be determined. Finally, a numerical example analyzing a truss structure with limited sensors and noisy measurement is provided to verify the efficacy of the proposed approach. Sponsored by: Notional Science Foundation Grant CMS 99-00234     

Estimating monthly surface winds for Scania, southern Sweden, using geostrophic wind (1899–1997)

Wind direction conditions during the 20th century in Scania, southern Sweden, are investigated using an estimated series of monthly wind vector components (east–west u component and north–south v component). The series is developed from a regression relationship between pairwise (1973 to 1997) monthly averages of 10–m surface wind from Scania and a monthly geostrophic wind, based on mean sea level (MSL) pressure data from the National Center of Atmospheric Research (NCAR). The wind conditions during the 20th century are dominated by winds from southwesterly and westerly directions, particularly during summer and autumn. From the 1980s onwards, increased frequencies of westerly winds are evident in spring and summer; however, similarly large frequencies of westerly winds are also found during the early part of the 20th century. Analysis of the estimated wind series indicates large variation in wind direction during the investigated time period, particularly during 1930 to 1960 when large increases of easterly winds are evident in spring. Increased frequencies of easterly winds were also found in other months during this period but not to the same extent as during the spring season. Thus, the presence of periods with quite different wind characteristics suggests that the overall atmospheric circulation has experienced some shifts in this region during the 20th century.     

矢量景观指数在遥感信息提取中的应用——以乾安湖群为例

景观方向性是景观空间格局的重要特征,能够反映和影响景观的生态流.实现快速、准确地从遥感影像上自动提取景观的方向性信息,对于景观的驱动力分析和景观异质性分析等都具有十分重要的意义.本文基于面向对象的方法对乾安县TM影像进行多尺度分割提取湖群,并利用正方像元指数SqP提高分类精度,应用矢量景观指数于分割处理后的湖群对象,提取景观的方向性信息.实验结果表明:该方法对象分割精度高(制图精度:97.8%,用户精度:97.5%),方向性信息提取准确、快速,为湖群的成因分析提供了数量化和可视化依据.本文同时结合了两方面的研究方法,提供了两方面的研究思路:一方面是景观格局指数在影像分类中的应用,另一方面是矢量景观格局理论进一步的应用扩展.     

实现复杂态势符号在三维场景中的绘制

通过分析了态势符号的表达方式和特点,提出了一种基于模板阴影体技术的实时绘制复杂态势符号的方法,实现在三维场景中的高质量叠加显示态势符号,达到随地形起伏的目的.实验证明,该方法能用于在三维场景中绘制复杂态势符号,并在系统项目中取得很好效果,使绘制的态势符号能随地形起伏.     

栅格数据坐标变换模型在数据集成中的应用

在数据转换过程中如何尽可能地保证空间数据的完整性和准确性成为限制GIS发展的瓶颈问题。本文针对GIS矢量数据在数据转换过程中选点难,转换之后出现几何位置差异的问题,提出基于栅格数据坐标变换模型,采用图像数据转换时的控制点,将矢量数据纠正到标准的目标构件图库中,达到矢量空间数据有效匹配的效果。进行矢量数据变换时,针对仿射变换、多项式模型等变换模型的限制性,基于Delaunay三角网对平面进行剖分,将纠正误差进行局部控制。最后,以ShapeFile为例实现了几何纠正算法。     

基于SVM的多源遥感影像分类研究

本文通过分析单源遥感影像分类的现状和困难,以SAR和SPOT-5影像为实验数据,提出了基于支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)理论的多源遥感影像分类方法。研究结果表明,本文的方法能够有效地解决单源影像信息分类效果破碎的问题,正确识别地物,对高维输入向量具有高的推广能力,正确率达到94.97%,比多源影像的最大似然分类(Maximum Likelihood Classification,MLC)方法正确率更高。     

GIS中面的游程编码表达、实现与应用

游程编码是一种常用的压缩和表达栅格数据的技术,GIS中面状要素的栅格化有时也采用这种方法。本文主要研究面的游程栅格化方法,设计并实现了一种扫描线算法,主要思路为:计算扫描线与面边界的交点并组织为有序断点链表形式,然后根据扫描行上断点序号的奇偶性建立有序游程链表。为降低栅格化过程中位置精度的损失,提出用实数值记录游程边界的方法。论文还探讨了游程编码的常见操作及其实现,通过实例说明其在GIS面操作中的应用与优势。