Document based knowledge base engineering method for ship basic design

We propose a basic ship design knowledge-model for information storage and retrieval using a knowledge-based engineering (KBE) system and develop a semantic inquiry function that allows users to use the retrieved information immediately. Our aim is to merge the repetitive access and calculating tasks and data such as the principal dimensions required during the basic ship design process into a single database, so that this information remains available for future construction projects. However, the concept of linking a design knowledge base and inference engine requires the combining of ship design information with the KBE system. This research enhances the flexibility, extension, and operation of the inference mechanism of the KBE design methodology through the establishment of a user interface, knowledge base, and inference engine. The design information is managed a document-based approach, which requires the conversion of the original documents into the XML (eXtensible Markup Language) format, and compiles rules for the basic design process. This system uses the KBE method attempts to reduce the double workload of design and modeling at the commencement of a new project with the document-generating integration work.     

产业集群协同产品创新的风险及防治研究

创新是企业得以生存和持续发展的内在动力,产业集群是对企业创新具有重要影响的一种经济组织形态。产业集群环境下的协同产品创新在实践中得到不断发展,并产生了多方面的积极效应,促进了企业创新和集群发展。基于产业集群的协同产品创新由于存在密集的物资和信息流通,风险传染的可能性很高。从风险传染的内涵界定出发,在集群协同产品创新的创新链分析基础上,归纳了集群协同产品创新的风险传染条件及规律,描述了单一风险流的风险传染机理与过程,并构建了基于SIR模型的集群协同产品创新单一风险传染的过程模型,据此提出了集群协同产品创新风险免疫策略。     

协同虚拟环境中流媒体技术的应用

通过对当前协同虚拟环境系统所存某些问题的讨论,应用JAVA多媒体技术,采用三层B/S设计模式,提出了一种利用流媒体技术的解决方案;设计了基于JAVA的协同虚拟环境中流媒体应用的体系架构,编程实现了相应的流媒体捕获、传输、播放等功能;实现了协同虚拟环境中的人人实时交互、通信以及讨论等功能;并做了相关的可行性实验分析。     

室内定位中锚节点位置的协作式估计

在许多基于测距的室内定位研究中假设锚节点的位置事先已知在实际应用中是不成立的,需要在提供定位服务之前确定锚节点的位置。针对能否获得锚节点之间距离的两种情况,提出了一种利用若干位置已知的采样点及位置未知的采样点对室内锚节点位置进行协作式估计的方法,并对其估计方差的克拉美劳界进行分析。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于海战环境的大气波导观测方法研究

海上作战一旦遇到大气波导,可使船载电子信息系统之间的短波通信距离增大数倍,同时通信距离范围内的部分区域会出现电磁盲区。该文以海上战场环境为背景,阐述了海上大气波导对未来海上作战的重要性。通过对大气波导的形成机制和影响机理进行研究,系统化概括了蒸发波导、表面波导和抬升波导的观测原理及常用观测方法。通过对比分析传统大气波导的观测方法,发现其在观测手段、观测精度、观测范围和观测成本方面存在局限性。基于此,该文提出一种多物理场协同探测的大气波导观测方法,该方法通过集合海上浮标网、船联网、星联网和岸基网等各类观测仪器和设备,可实时获取海上大气参数,构建海上大气波导预报系统。最终,通过该预报系统可实现海上大气波导大范围、高精度、实时性预报,对海上作战掌握制空权具有重要意义。     

地图与制图术：国际批判制图学/GIS研究进展

地图是地理学的基本语言,也是空间分析必不可少的工具。但长期以来,地图一直被视为一种客观中立的科学成果。受批判地理学的启发,批判制图学/GIS应运而生,其目标是阐明制图实践中所嵌入的话语、权力关系,挑战地图表征中未经检验却被认为是理所当然的假设。经历40余年的争论与磨合,这一研究领域初现轮廓,批判制图学/GIS大致形成2个研究方向：解构路径主要从制图主体身份和地图知识生产过程2个方面出发,分别剖析制图术与国家治理密不可分的联系及其内在的权力作用机制;建构路径主要借助协作制图和反制图手段以实现地图数据的再生产。国内批判制图学/GIS研究刚刚起步,需要继续吸收批判地理学成果,开展不同历史时期、不同类型地图的解构研究,也需要加强建构路径与解构路径的深度弥合,并面向公众开展更加开放、公正的地图应用研究,将研究成果积极应用于社会实践。     

A grid-based collaborative virtual geographic environment for the planning of silt dam systems

To improve the efficiency of planning and designing silt dam systems, this article employs theories and technologies of collaboration and distributed virtual geographic environments (VGEs) to construct a collaborative virtual geographic environment (CVGE) system. The CVGE system provides geographically distributed users with a shared virtual space and a collaborative platform to implement collaborative planning. Many difficulties have been found in integrating data resources and model procedures for the planning of silt dam systems because of their diversity in heterogeneous environments. Unlike most of the current distributed system applications, the proposed CVGE system not only supports multi-platform and multi-program-language interoperability in the dynamically changing network environment, but also shares programs, data and software in the collaborative environment. Based on creating a shared 3D space by virtual reality technology, agent and grid technologies were tightly coupled to develop the CVGE system. A grid-based multi-agent system service framework was designed to implement this new paradigm for the CVGE system, which efficiently integrates and shares geographically distributed resources as well as having the ability to build modelling procedures on different platforms. At the same time, mobile agent computing services were implemented to reduce the network load, process parallel tasks, enhance communication efficiency and adapt dynamically to the changing network environment. Using Java, JMF (Java Media Framework API), Globus Toolkits (GT) core, Voyager, C++, and the OpenGL development package, a prototype system was developed to support silt dam systems planning in the case study area, the Jiu-Yuan-Gou watershed of the Loess Plateau, China. Compared with the traditional workflow, the CVGE system can reduce the workload by between one third and a half.     

Pedestrian network map generation approaches and recommendation

With the advanced capabilities of mobile devices and the success of car navigation systems, interest in pedestrian navigation systems is on the rise. A critical component of any navigation system is a map database, which represents a network (e.g., road networks for car navigation) and supports key functionality such as map display, geocoding, and routing. Road networks, mainly due to the popularity of car navigation systems, are well defined and publicly available. However, in pedestrian navigation systems, as well as other applications including urban planning and physical activity studies, road networks do not adequately represent the paths that pedestrians usually travel. Currently, there is a void in literatures discussing the challenges, methods, and best practices for pedestrian network map generation. This coupled with the increased demand for pedestrian networks is the prime motivation for development of new approaches and algorithms to automatically generating pedestrian networks. Three approaches, network buffering, using existing road networks, collaborative mapping, using Global Positioning System (GPS) traces collected by volunteers, and image processing, using high-resolution satellite and laser imageries, were implemented and evaluated with a pedestrian network baseline as a ground truth. The results of the experiments indicate that these three approaches, while differing in complexity and outcome, are viable for automatic pedestrian network map generation. The recommendation of a suitable approach for generating pedestrian networks for a given set of sources and requirements is provided.     

省域地震应急联动协同的工作平台研究

联动应急的工作平台建设是应急处置的一项基础性工作,包括联动应急的指挥平台和信息平台。指挥平台应坚持以应急管理流程为主线来设计,其主要内容包括各类支援平台、相关的数据库、管理指挥中心、各种保障体系等,其实现方式和途径可以设计为多维交互网络模型。联动应急信息平台的建设可从信息接入系统、信息服务系统以及信息交换平台、视讯展示平台等方面进行。     

遥感影像云及云影多特征协同检测方法

遥感影像中云及云影不同程度地影响着地物信息的有效获取。随着多源遥感数据的日益丰富,交叉应用多源、多时相遥感影像复原云及云影区的影像,以有效地获取地类演变过程是遥感大数据应用研究的重要内容。高精度的云及云影检测是遥感影像云及云影区修复的前提和保障。复杂多变的光谱特征以及难以有效表达的空间形态特征,使云及云影一直存在检测过程复杂、适用性差和精度不高的问题,难以形成稳定有效的检测方法。在对厚云、薄云、冰雪及其他地类多光谱特性分析的基础上,本文提出了一种云及云影的多特征协同检测方法。首先,对冰雪、云及其他地物类型可分性较好的红、短波红外、热红外波段,利用SAM方法匹配云光谱特征曲线,并进一步结合短波红外波段像元绝对值区分云与冰雪,以及热红外波段像元绝对值区分云及其他地物类型;其次,通过组合云影定向移动模型与近红外波段亮度阈值检测出云影像元。对具备这些光谱波段的Landsat-8进行实验,结果表明多光谱曲线、“诊断性”波段及空间关系多特征耦合能有效地检测出影像中的薄云、厚云及云影,整体精度优于95%。