智慧教学环境下“地理信息系统原理与应用”课程教学综合改革与实践

笔者以新一轮本科教育教学改革为契机,以社会经济发展、测绘地理信息行业领域对人才的新需求及课程教学问题为导向,以对地观测技术、大数据、人工智能、互联网+等新技术发展为驱动力,以智慧教学环境为教学框架,落实OBE理念,根据毕业要求反向设计课程目标,以学生为中心,对线上线下混合教学模式、故事教学法、协同育人、全过程考核等教学方法和管理方式进行深入探索,从课程思政、教学模式、教学内容、教学方法、教学组织、教学管理等方面开展多项综合改革和创新。以“地理信息系统原理与应用”教学实践为例,对相关模式和方法进行验证,取得了良好的教学成效,课程质量得到提升,有力支撑了毕业生核心能力的发展,相关成果获得多项教学奖励,得到学生好评和同行专家认可。     

基于游客综合兴趣度的旅游景点推荐

为了从大量的信息中检索出符合用户偏好和需求的旅游资源,文中提出了综合兴趣度的概念,综合兴趣度是对用户兴趣的完整描述。在此基础上给出一种基于用户综合兴趣度的推荐方法。将用户主动提供的兴趣倾向与用户的浏览行为相结合,分析其综合兴趣。依据与目标用户兴趣相似的邻居用户对景点的评分信息预测用户对待推荐景点的评分,并选择预测评分处于前N位的景点进行推荐。     

用知识管理带动勘察设计企业的信息化

本文遵循理论与实际相结合的指导思想,从知识管理的理论出发,围绕勘察设计企业的知识管理现状,分析勘察设计企业建设知识管理系统的必要性、阐述勘察设计企业知识管理的关键环节,提出建立勘察设计企业协同设计和知识管理为核心的综合管理信息系统方案。     

Document based knowledge base engineering method for ship basic design

We propose a basic ship design knowledge-model for information storage and retrieval using a knowledge-based engineering (KBE) system and develop a semantic inquiry function that allows users to use the retrieved information immediately. Our aim is to merge the repetitive access and calculating tasks and data such as the principal dimensions required during the basic ship design process into a single database, so that this information remains available for future construction projects. However, the concept of linking a design knowledge base and inference engine requires the combining of ship design information with the KBE system. This research enhances the flexibility, extension, and operation of the inference mechanism of the KBE design methodology through the establishment of a user interface, knowledge base, and inference engine. The design information is managed a document-based approach, which requires the conversion of the original documents into the XML (eXtensible Markup Language) format, and compiles rules for the basic design process. This system uses the KBE method attempts to reduce the double workload of design and modeling at the commencement of a new project with the document-generating integration work.     

产业集群协同产品创新的风险及防治研究

创新是企业得以生存和持续发展的内在动力,产业集群是对企业创新具有重要影响的一种经济组织形态。产业集群环境下的协同产品创新在实践中得到不断发展,并产生了多方面的积极效应,促进了企业创新和集群发展。基于产业集群的协同产品创新由于存在密集的物资和信息流通,风险传染的可能性很高。从风险传染的内涵界定出发,在集群协同产品创新的创新链分析基础上,归纳了集群协同产品创新的风险传染条件及规律,描述了单一风险流的风险传染机理与过程,并构建了基于SIR模型的集群协同产品创新单一风险传染的过程模型,据此提出了集群协同产品创新风险免疫策略。     

协同虚拟环境中流媒体技术的应用

通过对当前协同虚拟环境系统所存某些问题的讨论,应用JAVA多媒体技术,采用三层B/S设计模式,提出了一种利用流媒体技术的解决方案;设计了基于JAVA的协同虚拟环境中流媒体应用的体系架构,编程实现了相应的流媒体捕获、传输、播放等功能;实现了协同虚拟环境中的人人实时交互、通信以及讨论等功能;并做了相关的可行性实验分析。     

室内定位中锚节点位置的协作式估计

在许多基于测距的室内定位研究中假设锚节点的位置事先已知在实际应用中是不成立的,需要在提供定位服务之前确定锚节点的位置。针对能否获得锚节点之间距离的两种情况,提出了一种利用若干位置已知的采样点及位置未知的采样点对室内锚节点位置进行协作式估计的方法,并对其估计方差的克拉美劳界进行分析。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于海战环境的大气波导观测方法研究

海上作战一旦遇到大气波导,可使船载电子信息系统之间的短波通信距离增大数倍,同时通信距离范围内的部分区域会出现电磁盲区。该文以海上战场环境为背景,阐述了海上大气波导对未来海上作战的重要性。通过对大气波导的形成机制和影响机理进行研究,系统化概括了蒸发波导、表面波导和抬升波导的观测原理及常用观测方法。通过对比分析传统大气波导的观测方法,发现其在观测手段、观测精度、观测范围和观测成本方面存在局限性。基于此,该文提出一种多物理场协同探测的大气波导观测方法,该方法通过集合海上浮标网、船联网、星联网和岸基网等各类观测仪器和设备,可实时获取海上大气参数,构建海上大气波导预报系统。最终,通过该预报系统可实现海上大气波导大范围、高精度、实时性预报,对海上作战掌握制空权具有重要意义。     

A grid-based collaborative virtual geographic environment for the planning of silt dam systems

To improve the efficiency of planning and designing silt dam systems, this article employs theories and technologies of collaboration and distributed virtual geographic environments (VGEs) to construct a collaborative virtual geographic environment (CVGE) system. The CVGE system provides geographically distributed users with a shared virtual space and a collaborative platform to implement collaborative planning. Many difficulties have been found in integrating data resources and model procedures for the planning of silt dam systems because of their diversity in heterogeneous environments. Unlike most of the current distributed system applications, the proposed CVGE system not only supports multi-platform and multi-program-language interoperability in the dynamically changing network environment, but also shares programs, data and software in the collaborative environment. Based on creating a shared 3D space by virtual reality technology, agent and grid technologies were tightly coupled to develop the CVGE system. A grid-based multi-agent system service framework was designed to implement this new paradigm for the CVGE system, which efficiently integrates and shares geographically distributed resources as well as having the ability to build modelling procedures on different platforms. At the same time, mobile agent computing services were implemented to reduce the network load, process parallel tasks, enhance communication efficiency and adapt dynamically to the changing network environment. Using Java, JMF (Java Media Framework API), Globus Toolkits (GT) core, Voyager, C++, and the OpenGL development package, a prototype system was developed to support silt dam systems planning in the case study area, the Jiu-Yuan-Gou watershed of the Loess Plateau, China. Compared with the traditional workflow, the CVGE system can reduce the workload by between one third and a half.     

Pedestrian network map generation approaches and recommendation

With the advanced capabilities of mobile devices and the success of car navigation systems, interest in pedestrian navigation systems is on the rise. A critical component of any navigation system is a map database, which represents a network (e.g., road networks for car navigation) and supports key functionality such as map display, geocoding, and routing. Road networks, mainly due to the popularity of car navigation systems, are well defined and publicly available. However, in pedestrian navigation systems, as well as other applications including urban planning and physical activity studies, road networks do not adequately represent the paths that pedestrians usually travel. Currently, there is a void in literatures discussing the challenges, methods, and best practices for pedestrian network map generation. This coupled with the increased demand for pedestrian networks is the prime motivation for development of new approaches and algorithms to automatically generating pedestrian networks. Three approaches, network buffering, using existing road networks, collaborative mapping, using Global Positioning System (GPS) traces collected by volunteers, and image processing, using high-resolution satellite and laser imageries, were implemented and evaluated with a pedestrian network baseline as a ground truth. The results of the experiments indicate that these three approaches, while differing in complexity and outcome, are viable for automatic pedestrian network map generation. The recommendation of a suitable approach for generating pedestrian networks for a given set of sources and requirements is provided.