关于山西地勘单位人才建设的思考

山西地勘单位人才存在着流失严重、引进不足、管理不善、分布失衡等问题,总体呈现青黄不接、知识断层、人才储备缺乏的不利状况。针对山西地勘单位的特点及发展要求,从人才引进、人才合理使用、人才支持体系建设三方面阐明了地勘单位应当采用积极的人才政策,丰富人才储备,最大限度发挥人才整体的主动性和创造性,确保地勘单位可持续发展。     

ROBUST: The ROle of BUffering capacities in STabilising coastal lagoon ecosystems

“Buffer capacities” has been defined in ecology as a holistic concept (e.g., Integration of Ecosystem Theories: A Pattern, second ed. Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1997, 388pp), but we show that it can also be worked out in mechanistic studies. Our mechanistic approach highlights that “buffering capacities” can be depleted progressively, and, therefore, we make a distinction between current and potential “buffering capacities”. We have applied this concept to understand the limited “local stability” in seagrass ecosystems and their vulnerability towards structural changes into macro-algal dominated communities. We explored the following processes and studied how they confer buffering capacities to the seagrass ecosystem: (i) net autotrophy is persistent in Zostera noltii meadows where plant assimilation acts as a sink for nutrients, this contrasted with the Ulva system that shifted back and forth between net autotrophy and net heterotrophy; (ii) the Z. noltii ecosystem possesses a certain albeit rather limited capacity to modify the balance between nitrogen fixation and denitrification, i.e., it was found that in situ nitrogen fixation always exceeded denitrification; (iii) the nitrogen demand of organoheterotrophic bacteria in the sediment results in nitrogen retention of N in the sediment and hence a buffer against release of nitrogen compounds from sediments, (iv) habitat diversification in seagrass meadows provides shelter for meiofauna and hence buffering against adverse conditions, (v) sedimentary iron provides a buffer against noxious sulfide (note: bacterial sulfide production is enhanced in anoxic sediment niches by increased organic matter loading). On the other hand, in the coastal system we studied, sedimentary iron appears less important as a redox-coupled buffer system against phosphate loading. This is because most inorganic phosphate is bound to calcium rather than to iron. In addition, our studies have highlighted the importance of plant–microbe interactions in the seagrass meadows.     

Trace Element Determination by ICP-AES and ICP-MS: Developments and Applications Reported During 2004 and 2005

This review describes significant developments in trace element determination using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) that were reported in 2004 and 2005. It focuses on the application of ICP techniques to geological and environmental samples; fundamental studies in ICP-MS and ICP-AES instrumentation are not included. The literature reviewed indicated that the majority of new publications concerned advances in ICP-MS analysis rather than ICP-AES. However, ICP-AES developments are still being published, particularly in the areas of sample preconcentration and sample introduction. The trend in increasing publication of developments in hyphenated speciation techniques looks set to persist as knowledge of elemental speciation becomes critical for many environmental studies. Collision or reactions cells were the most reported technique for spectral interference removal in ICP-MS, probably reflecting the growing adoption of cell instruments in laboratories during the last few years.     

"磁暴基础数据库"项目成果介绍

本文详细介绍了“磁暴基础数据库”项目的立项背景、目标、所开展的主要工作、取得的成果、研究成果的社会效益和对该领域研究未来工作的展望。     

"WDC中国地震数据中心建设与完善"项目成果介绍

本文详细介绍了“WDC中国地震数据中心建设与完善”项目的立项背景、目标、所开展的主要工作、取得的成果、研究成果的社会效益和对该领域研究未来工作的展望。     

"火山灾害预警研究"项目成果介绍

本文详细介绍了“火山灾害预警研究”项目的立项背景、目标、所开展的主要工作、取得的成果、研究成果的社会效益和对该领域研究未来工作的展望。     

岩层真厚度计算的新公式

将数学方法与地质实际相结合,严密推导出一个岩层真厚度计算的新公式。与前人公式相比,新公式涵盖了各种可能的情况,形式简单,概念明确,操作方便,利于编写软件用计算机计算．从而避免了复杂的人工判断,不但可减轻人工负荷、提高计算速度,更重要的是避免了出错的可能性．     

粉末进样感耦等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中多元素

报道了用载样瓶引进土壤粉末样到高频等离子炬进行发射光谱分析的方法，考察了仪器装置及分析测定条件，大气流清洗很好地克服了粉末进样的记忆效应。质量分数为１０~（－６）～１０~（－３）的２０个元素测定的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝２０）为６．８％～１８％，检出限在１０~（－７）～１０~（－５）级。用土壤标样分析验证，其结果与标准值吻合较好。     

甘肃省气象局办公自动化网络应用系统简介

甘肃省气象局办公自动化网络建设是中国气象局”九五”计划重点建设项目内容之一 ,网络应用软件开发是建设内容中的重要组成部分。应用软件的开发成果主要体现于省局立项的甘肃省气象局办公自动化网络应用系统项目中 ,文中将对这一项目成果作简要介绍。     

测绘工程专业开设测绘科学简史课程初探

测绘工作是艰苦行业之一,为了使学生了解专业情况,一般是通过入学后的专业教育和认识实习来完成。目前有些学校通过开设测绘学概论课程解决专业思想问题,但是收到的效果并不理想。为更好地消除专业情绪,使学生了解测绘学科的发展历史和拓宽专业视野,在学习几门专业基础课后开设了测绘科学简史课程。在分析开设课程必要性的基础上,详细阐述了课程性质、学时安排和教学内容安排,提出了课堂教学和上机的具体内容,最后提出了详细的课程考核方法。