白鹤滩河谷演化模拟及P2β3玄武岩级别评估

详细分析了白鹤滩坝址河谷边坡柱状节理玄武岩岩体地质条件和特征,建立了合适河谷边坡演化离散元的计算模型,考虑坝址关键地层P2?3可能的岩体质量范围进行了多种工况河谷演化模拟计算。在此基础上深入研究了各工况河谷现今阶段边坡应力分布、变形情况、屈服区及稳定系数等基本规律,并与目前河谷实际的地质条件及现状进行了全面对比。最后采用拟似度信息量评分法对P2?3岩层工程级别进行了初步评定,认为白鹤滩水电站可行性研究阶段坝址P2?3岩层按III1类质量岩体来评估其工程性状和确定相应岩体力学参数较适合。同时,坝址河谷边坡岩体的工程特性可参考相应工况的模拟结果评价。     

倒楔运动与地震带的关联性研究

研究认为,地震是楔块运动引起的,楔块运动的主要动力来自于楔块内部的隐爆一均衡作用。“两堑夹一垒”是楔块运动系统的基本形式。研究发现,大洋中脊地震带、环太平洋地震带和大陆裂谷地震带（以郯庐断裂地震带为例）均位于“两堑夹一垒”楔块系统中,其中一垒的活动,即倒楔的运动与地震带紧密相关。     

Non‐structure‐specific intensity measure parameters and characteristic period of near‐fault ground motions

This paper focuses on the effects of long‐period pulse of near‐fault ground motions on the structural damage potential. Two sets of near‐fault ground motion records from Chi‐Chi, Taiwan earthquake and Northridge earthquake with and without distinct pulse are selected as the input, and the correlation analysis between 30 non‐structure‐specific intensity measure parameters and maximum inelastic displacements and energy responses (input energy and hysteretic energy) of bilinear single degree of freedom systems are conducted. Based on the frequency characteristic of near‐fault ground motions with remarkable long‐period components, two intensity indices are proposed, namely, the improved effective peak acceleration (IEPA) and improved effective peak velocity (IEPV). In addition a new characteristic period of these ground motions is defined based on IEPA and IEPV. Numerical results illustrate that the intensity measure parameters related to ground acceleration present the best correlation with the seismic responses for rigid systems; the velocity‐related and displacement‐related parameters are better for medium‐frequency systems and flexible systems, respectively. The correlation curves of near‐fault ground motions with velocity pulse differ from those of ground motions without pulse. Moreover, the improved parameters IEPA and IEPV of near‐fault impulsive ground motions enhance the performance of intensity measure of corresponding conventional parameters, i.e. EPA and EPV. The new characteristic period based on IEPA and IEPV can better reflect the frequency content of near‐fault ground motions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Crustal velocity structures and their tectonic implications in different tectonic block regions of the Chinese mainland

In this paper,the typical velocity structures and average velocities of the crust in six different active tectonic block regions are presented on the basis of previous studies and their tectonic implications are discussed. The results show that different tectonic units have different features of crustal velocity structures. In general,there are low velocity distributions in the crust in regions with strong tectonic activities,and the scales of low velocity distributions are related to the tectonic activitie...     

中国大陆特大地震的地震调整作用初步研究

为合理估计汶川8.0级特大地震后中国大陆的地震形势,本文通过对中国大陆特大地震后地震活动的统计分析,初步获得了对中国大陆特大地震调整作用的一些认识:①特大地震发生后1年内,除余震区外,中国大陆其他地区的地震活动以应力调整为主线,发生7级以上地震的可能性较小;②调整作用主要发生在西部的青藏活动地块区;③青藏地块区特大地震对华北地块区的地震调整作用较小.     

三维随机裂隙岩体渗流分析的块体单元法

岩体中的裂隙分布具有随机性,且渗流主要通过裂隙面进行。运用蒙特卡罗法模拟生成岩体中的随机裂隙面,基于矢体的概念,实现了包括凹块体和多连通体在内的三维随机裂隙岩体的块体单元自动识别。假定岩块不透水、渗流仅通过裂隙面进行,建立了三维随机裂隙岩体渗流分析的块体单元法。通过算例分析,验证了所提方法的准确性和有效性。     

Evaluating nonlinear effective stress site response analyses using records from the Canterbury earthquake sequence

A widely used one-dimensional nonlinear effective stress site response analysis program is used to model the response of potentially liquefiable soils during strong shaking. Ground motion records from six events of the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence and the extensive site investigation data that have been obtained for the Christchurch area provide the basis for the analyses. The results of the analyses depend significantly on the input motions and soil profile characterization, so these important aspects are examined. Deconvolved Riccarton Gravel input motions were generated, because recorded rock or firm layer motions were not available. Nonlinear effective stress seismic site response analyses are shown to capture key aspects of the observed soil response through the comparison of acceleration response spectra of calculated surface motions to those of recorded surface motions; however, equivalent-linear and total stress nonlinear analyses capture these aspects as well. Biases in the computed motions compared to recorded motions were realized for some cases but they can be attributed primarily to the uncertainty in the development of the input motions used in the analyses.     

Response of nonlinear soil‐MDOF structure systems subjected to distinct frequency‐content components of near‐fault ground motions

This paper is devoted to investigate the effects of near‐fault ground motions on the seismic responses of nonlinear MDOF structures considering soil‐structure interaction (SSI). Attempts are made to take into account the effects of different frequency‐content components of near‐fault records including pulse‐type (PT) and high‐frequency (HF) components via adopting an ensemble of 54 near‐fault ground motions. A deep sensitivity analysis is implemented based on the main parameters of the soil‐structure system. The soil is simulated based on the Cone model concept, and the superstructure is idealized as a nonlinear shear building. The results elucidate that SSI has approximately increasing and mitigating effects on structural responses to the PT and HF components, respectively. Also, a threshold period exists above which the HF component governs the structural responses. As the fundamental period of the structure becomes shorter and structural target ductility reduces, the contribution of the HF component to the structural responses increases, elaborately. Soil flexibility makes the threshold period increase, and the effect of the PT component becomes more significant than the HF one. In the case of soil‐structure system, slenderizing the structure also increases this threshold period and causes the PT component to be dominant. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

川西地区安宁河断层古地震行为及其与则木河断层的比较

安宁河断层与则木河断层是青藏高原东南川滇地块东边界断裂带的重要组成部分,晚第四纪以来变形样式主要以左旋走滑运动为主。安宁河断层走向近SN向,以冕宁为界分为南北两段,北段古地震复发周期500~700a,全新世以来左旋平均位移速率约4mm/a。南段的古地震研究程度较低,通过在月华一带开挖探槽及大量14C测年限定其大地震平均复发间隔为600~800a。则木河断层北接安宁河断层,全新世以来平均左旋位移速率为2.4~3.6mm/a,大地震复发周期约2 300a。对比安宁河断层与则木河断层的古地震行为,发现安宁河断层大地震复发间隔相对较短,平均左旋位移速率稍大,存在着古地震行为的不协调性。安宁河断层与则木河断层走向不一致、螺髻山的快速隆升以及安宁河断层南侧SN向展布的走滑断层系统等可能是造成安宁河-则木河断层古地震行为差异的原因。