基于数据挖掘分析中药复方治疗肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液的用药规律

目的：运用中医传承计算平台（V3.0）分析中医药治疗肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液的用药规律。方法：计算机检索2000年1月1日至2022年2月28日中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）中关于中药复方治疗肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液的文献,分析中药的性味归经、功效、频次、药物组合、关联规则及聚类等。结果：共纳入文献98篇,处方103首,中药197味。频次≥20次的中药有18味,排前10位的依次为葶苈子、茯苓、白术、黄芪、大枣、甘草、泽泻、桂枝、半夏、薏苡仁。四气以寒、温、平为主;五味以甘、苦、辛为主;归经以肺、脾、胃经为主。排前3位的功效依次为补虚、利水渗湿、化痰止咳平喘。用药频次≥20次的中药组合有37组,排前4位的依次为茯苓-葶苈子、白术-茯苓、茯苓-黄芪、大枣-葶苈子。支持度≥25%的核心药物为黄芪、白术、茯苓、甘草、葶苈子、大枣、桂枝、泽泻。中药聚类分析提取到4个核心组合。结论：肺癌伴恶性胸腔积液多属晚期,以气血阴阳俱虚为本,饮停胸胁为标,病机多虚实夹杂。中医药治疗此病多以甘温益气补虚治本,苦寒泻肺利水治标,同时兼以温阳化气。     

基于数据挖掘探讨中药治疗肝豆状核变性的用药规律

目的：基于数据挖掘探讨中药治疗肝豆状核变性的用药规律。方法：计算机检索1990年1月至2020年1月中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）中中药治疗肝豆状核变性的相关文献,利用Microsoft Excel 2010 进行频次分析,通过 SPSS Modeler 18.0、SPSS Statistics 23.0 对处方药物进行关联规则、复杂网络、系统聚类分析。结果：最终纳入文献161篇,筛选出处方151首,中药70味。中药频次排前5位的依次是泽泻、姜黄、大黄、黄连、丹参;功效排前5位的依次是利水渗湿、活血化瘀、清热、补虚、泻下药。二项关联多为利水渗湿、活血化瘀、清热、泻下药的组合,三项关联多为活血化瘀、清热、利水渗湿药的组合。聚类分析得到新方聚类的中药组合3类。结论：中医药治疗肝豆状核变性以清热化湿、活血化瘀为主,常用利水渗湿、活血化瘀、清热药,可配伍补虚及泻下药等。     

点态性质与一致性质的一个新关系

为了研究点态性质和一致性质之间的关系,应用紧性性质在拓扑意义下得到逐点有界性质蕴含一致有界性质的结论,并将其推广到连续函数族的情况.基于Baire定理,得到完备度量空间中的逐点收敛性质可导出一致有界性质的结论.     

Evaluation of Three Harvest Control Rules for Bigeye Tuna（Thunnus obesus） Fisheries in the Indian Ocean

The stock of Bigeye tuna（Thunnus obesus） in the Indian Ocean supports an important international fishery and is considered to be fully exploited. The responsible management agency, the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission（IOTC）, does not have an explicit management decision-making framework in place to prevent over-fishing. In this study, we evaluated three harvest control rules, i） constant fishing mortality（CF）, from 0.2 to 0.6, ii） constant catch（CC）, from 60000 to 140000 t, and iii） constant escapement（CE）, from 0.3 to 0.7. The population dynamics simulated by the operating model was based on the most recent stock assessment using Stock Synthesis version Ⅲ（SS3）. Three simulation scenarios（low, medium and high productivity） were designed to cover possible uncertainty in the stock assessment and biological parameters. Performances of three harvest control rules were compared on the basis of three management objectives（over 3, 10 and 25 years）： i） the probability of maintaining spawning stock biomass above a level that can sustain maximum sustainable yield（MSY） on average, ii） the probability of achieving average catches between 0.8 MSY and 1.0 MSY, and iii） inter-annual variability in catches. The constant escapement strategy（CE=0.5）, constant fishing mortality strategy（F=0.4） and constant catch（CC=80000） were the most rational among the respective management scenarios. It is concluded that the short-term annual catch is suggested at 80000 t, and the potential total allowable catch for a stable yield could be set at 120000 t once the stock had recovered successfully. All the strategies considered in this study to achieve a ‘tolerable＇ balance between resource conservation and utilization have been based around the management objectives of the IOTC.     

Evaluation of three harvest control rules for Bigeye Tuna (Thunnus obesus) fisheries in the Indian Ocean

The stock of Bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus) in the Indian Ocean supports an important international fishery and is considered to be fully exploited. The responsible management agency, the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission(IOTC), does not have an explicit management decision-making framework in place to prevent over-fishing. In this study, we evaluated three harvest control rules, i) constant fishing mortality(CF), from 0.2 to 0.6, ii) constant catch(CC), from 60000 to 140000 t, and iii) constant escapement(CE), from 0.3 to 0.7. The population dynamics simulated by the operating model was based on the most recent stock assessment using Stock Synthesis version Ⅲ(SS3). Three simulation scenarios(low, medium and high productivity) were designed to cover possible uncertainty in the stock assessment and biological parameters. Performances of three harvest control rules were compared on the basis of three management objectives(over 3, 10 and 25 years): i) the probability of maintaining spawning stock biomass above a level that can sustain maximum sustainable yield(MSY) on average, ii) the probability of achieving average catches between 0.8 MSY and 1.0 MSY, and iii) inter-annual variability in catches. The constant escapement strategy(CE=0.5), constant fishing mortality strategy(F=0.4) and constant catch(CC=80000) were the most rational among the respective management scenarios. It is concluded that the short-term annual catch is suggested at 80000 t, and the potential total allowable catch for a stable yield could be set at 120000 t once the stock had recovered successfully. All the strategies considered in this study to achieve a ‘tolerable' balance between resource conservation and utilization have been based around the management objectives of the IOTC.     

新型城镇化背景下基层气象部门为农服务对策研究

就当前新型城镇化进程中,基层气象部门如何做好为农服务进行分析和讨论,并着重从加强气象为农服务的组织体系建设,提升气象为农服务的特色、能力和水平,进一步增强农村气象灾害的防御能力,促进气象为农服务的保障机制建设等方面进行论述,提出了相应的对策及建议.将气象为农服务“两个体系”建设和“均等化”、“一体化”的公共气象服务与新型城镇化有机结合、共同推进,是基层气象部门当前及今后为农服务的重要任务.     

基于GEOWAY软件的基础地理信息数据更新方法--以山西省1∶10000 DLG数据更新为例

以近年来山西省1∶10000 DLG数据更新及检查工作为基础,以GEOWAY软件作为更新平台,对更新过程中数据更新要点以及接边和自检方法进行了探讨,为基础地理信息数据快速更新及加强DLG数据过程质量控制奠定了基础。     

青海玉龙滩地区托赖岩群中—早二叠世基性岩墙的发现及地质意义

在玉龙滩地区古元古代托赖岩群变质岩中发现了一套基性岩脉侵入体,岩石类型主要为辉长岩、辉绿岩,侵入于托赖岩群片麻岩、片岩,岩脉长轴走向大多以北西向为主,个别近南北向或北东向,露头规模一般长10~35m,宽5~10m。通过同位素测年分析辉绿岩脉地质时代为早二叠世,结合对地质特征、岩石学特征、岩石化学、地球化学特征的研究,认为其属于拉斑玄武系列,形成于伸展性构造环境。结合本区区域地质分析,该岩脉可能为祁连山造山带加里东期造山运动结束之后,由于陆壳加厚而发生伸展崩塌,造成幔源基性岩浆底侵,形成了该类相当于基性岩墙的产物。反映北祁连地区在早二叠世有一期陆壳加厚伸展背景下的基性岩浆底侵事件。     

熔融制样波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定白云石中钙镁硅铁铝

白云石属碳酸盐矿物,应用熔融制样X射线荧光光谱法测定其中主次量组分钙、镁、硅、铁、铝时,由于白云石灼烧减量大,在试料片制备过程中,如果以干基试料制备试料片,除灼烧减量外还有少量其他组分被分解出的大量CO₂带走,导致试料损失,测定结果偏低;如果以灼烧基试料制备试料片,由于灼烧后的试料极易吸收空气中的水分和CO₂,同样使测定结果偏低。基于质量守恒原理,本文直接以灼烧减量测量后的灼烧基试料质量作为试料量(即灼烧减量测定所称量的干基试料量扣除灼烧减量的量),以四硼酸锂为熔剂,5%碘化铵溶液为脱模剂,试料与熔剂的稀释比为1:10,于1050℃熔融15 min以上制备的试料片透彻、玻璃化程度高。以白云石标准物质和标准样品作为标准试料,制作各组分的标准曲线的相关系数在0.9940~0.9994之间;方法检出限为0.011%~0.48%;标准物质和标准样品的测定值与认定值基本一致,各组分的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)在0.5%~1.7%之间,方法具有较好的重现性。本方法以1050℃灼烧后的试样作为试料制备XRF分析样片,最大限度地降低了灼烧减量因素(空气中的水分和CO₂)对测定结果的影响,适用于白云石及其煅烧物中钙、镁、硅、铁、铝等组分的同时测定。     

Thermal simulation of basic volcanic fluid influence on different source rocks

Based on thermal simulation experiment, interactions between volcanic fluids and source rocks were studied. Gas generations in the dry system and fluid system under different temperatures were analyzed. The results showed that the various types of source rocks are similar in composition, containing gaseous C1-C5 hydrocarbons, H2 and CO2 whose gas yields increase with increasing temperature. The gas yield of source rocks of type I is the high- est, followed by type II, and that of source rocks of type III is the lowest, indicating that the yield of hydrocarbon gases is related to their hydrocarbon generating potential. Although the generating potential of type III is the lowest, it can still be regarded as a useful gas source when it is buried deeply enough. The basic volcanic fluid restrains the generation of gaseous hydrocarbons in different types of source rocks, but promotes the generation of inorganic gases.