AIS系统在海洋遥感卫星的应用与设计优化

目前国际和国内已普遍采用星载船舶自动识别系统（Automatic Identification System,AIS）接收系统提升针对全球船只信息的采集和监测能力。本文主要介绍了国内外星载AIS系统发展的主要进展及取得的成果,重点针对目前星载AIS系统存在的近海船只密集区域信号碰撞导致检测概率降低的技术问题,通过建模仿真找到具体原因,给出后续AIS星载载荷针对此问题在设计和应用上的优化建议。本文可作为后续星载AIS系统设计的参考。     

STA/LTA—AIC算法对地震P波震相拾取稳定性影响

选取区域地震台网记录的地震波形数据,使用STA/LTA算法与STA/LTA—AIC算法,进行地震P波震相初至到时自动拾取,对地方震及震中距较大的震相进行P波震相拾取效果分析,发现:STA/LTA算法对于地方震P波震相识别精度较高,与STA/LTA—AIC算法拾取的P波震相初至到时相差不大;震中距变大后,STA/LTA算法对P波拾取位置相对于最佳位置向后延迟,STA/LTA—AIC算法有效矫正了STA/LTA算法拾取位置的延迟问题,与人工拾取位置差别可忽略不计。     

单晶高温合金X射线衍射斑点自动识别算法研究

单晶高温合金展现出优越的抗疲劳性能和高温蠕变性能,广泛应用于航空发动机和燃气轮机的热端部件。但是,其制备过程中会产生晶体取向偏离、杂晶等缺陷。目前国际上已经普遍使用X射线劳埃衍射技术对单晶叶片的晶体缺陷进行无损检测,但是这种检测方法主要依赖人工识别,效率低,结果可重复性差,不适合批量化检测。本文结合工程需要,提出对劳埃衍射斑点进行自动识别的算法,主要包括衍射图样的预处理、轮廓检测、轮廓形态筛选及轮廓符合检测等。该算法能够自动检测出衍射图样上的衍射斑点,并最终给出斑点的位置坐标数据及其误差。根据衍射斑点的位置,通过衍射分析算法,计算出单晶叶片上的晶体取向,并最终对叶片的晶体缺陷给出综合评价。      

Generalised formulation of composite filters and their application to earthquake engineering test systems

This paper addresses the problem of generating unmeasured kinetic data—and/or providing improvements in existing data—for the enhancement of performance characteristics of earthquake engineering test systems, such as shaking tables, reaction walls and other custom‐made test rigs. The approach relies upon the use of composite filters (CF), a method of data fusion that was originally conceived via transfer function formulation. The current work generalises the CF concept and extends its formulation into the state‐space domain, thereby providing a wider basis for application to test systems and their controllers, including those of a multivariable (coupled, multi‐axis) nature. Comparative simulation studies of shaking table control are presented that demonstrate the design techniques for state‐space CF and also their effectiveness for signal synthesis, noise suppression and performance improvement. Specific examples include the use of CF for displacement demand signal generation, velocity feedback generation and acceleration control. In each case, the essential principles behind CF—output signals with zero bias and zero drift—are consistently upheld. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

断层氢气观测技术实验

采用ATG-6118H痕量氢在线自动分析仪,在朱夏-商丹断裂带南阳地区布设独山、马山口2个氢气观测台,研究设备取气深度、抽气时间设置长短对观测断层氢气浓度的影响,从而为利用痕量氢设备进行断层氢气观测提供参考依据。实验结果表明：①取气深度越浅,观测到的氢气浓度越高,日变化幅度越大;②集气管内氢气浓度偏低时,抽气时间设置略高于导气管路排空时间,氢气浓度明显变化,否则变化不明显。     

罗斯海难言岛地区近地面层风场特征分析及数值模拟

本文介绍了中国第3座南极常年考察站新站址候选地——罗斯海难言岛的基本信息。通过对设在其上的自动气象站的观测数据分析表明,近地面风场主要由下降风控制,西-西北风是6级以上大风的主要风向,最大风力可达12级以上,1月、11月、12月是平均风力较小的三个月份。通过分析基于CFSR海冰资料的Polar-WRF模式模拟结果发现:Polar-WRF模式能模拟出和实测资料十分一致的下降风风场,分辨率越高越能更好的模拟出下降风的特点。难言岛附近强劲的西-西北向下降风是地形强迫的结果;来自Reeves冰川的气流是下降风的主要来源。大风的水平分布范围约为50 km。海拔1 400—300 m为下降风的加速关键区,风速最大的地方在海拔300 m高度的陡坡附近,下降风在抵达难言岛时,由于地面摩擦作用,风力已经有一定的衰减。模拟风场可以对观测资料做出有益的补充。     

Automatic mapping of lunar landforms using DEM-derived geomorphometric parameters

Developing approaches to automate the analysis of the massive amounts of data sent back from the Moon will generate significant benefits for the field of lunar geomorphology. In this paper, we outline an automated method for mapping lunar landforms that is based on digital terrain analysis. An iterative self-organizing (ISO) cluster unsupervised classification enables the automatic mapping of landforms via a series of input raster bands that utilize six geomorphometric parameters. These parameters divide landforms into a number of spatially extended, topographically homogeneous segments that exhibit similar terrain attributes and neighborhood properties. To illustrate the applicability of our approach, we apply it to three representative test sites on the Moon, automatically presenting our results as a thematic landform map. We also quantitatively evaluated this approach using a series of confusion matrices, achieving overall accuracies as high as 83.34% and Kappa coefficients (K) as high as 0.77. An immediate version of our algorithm can also be applied for automatically mapping large-scale lunar landforms and for the quantitative comparison of lunar surface morphologies.     

A primary study of the variations of vertical radiation with the Beijing 325-m Meteorological Tower

The Beijing 325-m Meteorological Tower (325MT) is used to observe the vertical variation of solar radiation. Results of the experiments indicate that the automatic radiation monitoring system, including a sun tracker and data collection system, works well and all the specifications meet WMO observation standards. The measurement data show that there is a significant radiation decrease from 320m to the surface, where the difference is only about 30Wm^-2 on light air-pollution days, while the maximum reaches about 110Wm^-2 when heavy pollution appears near the ground. The global UV radiation decreases on heavy air-pollution days and under poor visibility conditions, and the difference between 300m and 8m is larger than on clear days.     

自动站测报系统软件及数据的备份

介绍自动站测报系统软件和数据文备份和恢复的经验方法。     

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