Maucha图的Matlab实现及其在水化学中的应用

水中可溶性离子的含量及各离子的比例关系是衡量水质的重要指标,但常用的方法不能同时反映这两种关系。Maucha图既可以反映8种主要阴、阳离子的总浓度,同时也可以指示各离子的相对浓度,兼顾了离子的绝对含量和相对含量,具有较强的实用性。但由于缺乏绘制Maucha图的专业软件,导致Maucha图在实际应用中受到很大限制。通过介绍Maucha图的演化过程,绘制Maucha图时建立坐标系及确定Maucha图各组成部分坐标值的方法,并阐述了基于Matlab语言实现Maucha图计算机输出的编程流程。最后以内蒙古浑善达克沙地东部地区为例,说明了Maucha图在天然水体水化学分析中的应用。该应用表明,Maucha图在反映样品矿化度、指示各离子的相对浓度和绝对浓度、判断水体水化学类型及水化学数据空间分析等方面均具有较强的优势,能显著提高水化学数据的可视化表达能力,丰富水化学图在水文地质中的应用,并为水化学数据更深层次的分析提供参考依据。     

疫情防控中测绘地理信息影响力分析

本文通过舆情大数据对我国及美国使用的8款疫情地理信息应用程序进行疫情防控、疫情地理信息应用之间的关系分析,形成了3方面的认识：①测绘地理信息在疫情防控中具有比较重要的作用;②与美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学疫情地图相比,我国的疫情地图网站、APP应用程序等仍是获取国内疫情地理信息的主要渠道;③由企业提供的疫情地理信息应用比由政府部门提供的疫情地理信息应用影响广、应用深。     

Marine genetic resources: A review of scientific and commercial interest

Marine genetic resources both within and beyond national jurisdiction have been the focus of international negotiations in a range of forums in recent years. One recurrent theme throughout these discussions has been the absence of detailed information upon which policy responses to the emerging issue of the conservation and sustainable use of marine genetic resources (especially in areas beyond national jurisdiction) could be based. In an effort to address some of these knowledge gaps, this article examines the level and nature of scientific and commercial interest in marine genetic resources, including in areas beyond national jurisdiction. It also examines the changing perspectives of the scientific community in relation to the potential of marine genetic resources.     

校园网网络应用监控体系的构建与应用

随着校园网中网络应用的不断增加,构建校园网网络应用监控体系成为摆在校园网管理者面前的1个重要课题。通过分析校园网络应用监控所面临的主要挑战,讨论校园网络应用监控的主要内容,提出以校园网网络应用监控系统为核心构建网络应用监控体系,并对校园网网络应用监控系统的主要功能进行了详细的讨论。该系统在北京大学的成功实践也充分说明了该系统对于确保校园网网络应用正常运行的重要性。     

地物杂波区内不同速度方差降雨回波信号损失比计算与分析

本文对地物杂波区内不同速度方差的降雨回波信号经非相干MTI对消系统(地物杂波抑制器)输出后的交流功率变化(降雨回波损失比),作了详尽的理论计算和分析,提出了对该降雨回波信号的损失进行相应的补偿即能获取误差较小的地物杂波区内降雨回波信息的观点。使有效抑制地物杂波的非相干MTI技术应用更加广泛,有助于最终实现地物杂波区内降雨回波定量化。     

铁路气象服务微机处理及传输系统

本文通过气象部门对铁路部门的专题服务,介绍一种微机数据远程通信及处理系统。该系统在用户开机无人值守时可传输各种处理过的气象信息(文字、表格、图形、图像等),较好地实现了计算机在气象服务领域的应用。     

A Conceptual Framework for Enhancing the Utility of Rainfall Hazard Forecasts for Agriculture in Marginal Environments

Semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas (especially in the tropics) are characterized by high inter-annual and intra-seasonal rainfall variability. Agriculture, which employs the bulk of the rapidly increasing populations, is largely rain-fed, low-input based and highly resource dependent. Recent spates of drought have, therefore, exacerbated the now-too-familiar specter of famine and starvation in these areas with glaring examples being the recurring episodes in sub-Saharan Africa since the great Sahel drought of 1969–1973. A great need for accurate and timely hazard forecast products in aid of agriculture thus exists.Several schemes are currently employed by various agencies around the globe in this direction. There does remain, however, a gap between product provision and user expectations. This paper examines this gap suggesting a five-point framework within which it can be addressed as an action agenda for the climate science community. The paper posits that changes are possible to existing methodologies (related to three of these points), which, within the context of current science, can greatly enhance the utility of forecast products for agriculture in marginal areas. The remaining two points have, however, been identified as requiring additional applied research and necessary pointers for addressing these issues are provided. First is the need for appropriate impact-related indicators for intra-seasonal and interannual rainfall variability that are easy to compute, amenable to forecasting and follow closely the experiences of farmers in marginal areas. The second is a consideration of appropriate forecast information formatting and communication medium that guarantee effective feedback between forecast producers and users. Specific examples of the status quo and of work currently underway are cited from southern Africa – a region currently attracting international attention as a result of recent droughts and the threat of famine.     

建筑结构时程分析法中天然地震波的选择

要保证建筑结构时程分析结果的合理性,必须合理选择输入地震波。从工程实例出发,考虑峰值、频谱特性、地震动持时及适当的地震波数量,说明如何挑选合适的强震记录作为结构工程时程分析的输入,以此进行工程的抗震设计。     

数字地图的研究进展和应用新方向

数字地图是现代地图学发展的重要标志.目前,国内外已出现以数字地图为核心的地图数据库、印刷地图、电子地图、移动式地图、网络地图等多种现代地图的开发和应用模式.本文分析和阐述数字地图理论、方法和技术方面的新进展,以及新的应用方向.首先,作者阐述了在数字地图新理论方面的研究进展,并在此基础上提出了数字地图体系结构框架;其次,...     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Women, Work, and Ideology in the Third World . Haleh Afshar, ed. The Birth of the National Park Service. The Founding Years 1913–33 . Horace M. Albright Theatres of Accumulation: Studies in Asian and Latin American Urbanization . Warwick Armstrong and T.G. McGee. New Tools for Social Scientists, Advances and Applications in Research Methods . William D. Berry and Michael S. Lewis -Beck , eds . Uncertain Dimensions: Western Overseas Empires in the Twentieth Century . Raymond F. Betts. Geography of Sugar Cane . Helmut Blume. The Mines of Neptune: Minerals and Metals from the Sea . Elisabeth Mann Borgese. Geographical Dimensions of Energy . F.J. Calzonetti and B.D. Solomon, eds. Statistical Methods for Geographers . W. A. V. Clark and P. L. Hosking. In The Wake of Columbus, Islands and Controversy . John DeVorsey, Jr., and John Parker, eds. Housing, States and Localities . Peter Dickens, Simon Duncan, Mark Goodwin and Fred Gray. Physician Location and Specialty Choice . Richard L. Ernst and Donald E. Yett. Practical Ecology for Geography and Biology: Survey, Mapping, and Data Analysis . D.D. Gilbertson , M. Kent and F.B. Pyatt Large Scale Water Transfers: Emerging Environmental and Social Experiences . Genady N. Golubev and Asit K. Biswas, eds. The Nature of the Environment . Andrew Goudie. Planning for Population Change . W.T.S. Gould and R. Lawton. The Niger and its Neighbors: Environmental History and Hydrobiology. Human Use and Health Hazards of the Major West African Rivers . A.T. Grove, ed. Remote Sensing of Ice and Snow . Dorothy K. Hall and Jaroslav Martinec. Atlas of Antebellum Southern Agriculture . Sam Bowers Hilliard. Galilee Divided; The Israel-Lebanon Frontier, 1916-1984 . Frederic C. Hor . Plains Country Towns . John C. Hudson. Agricultural Geography: A Social and Economic Analysis . Brian W. Ilbery. Industry in the 1980s: Structural Change and Interdependence . U.N. Industrial Development Organization. Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States . Kenneth T. Jackson. The Industrial Geography of Italy . Russell King. Studies in Linguistic Geography: The Dialects of English in Britain and Ireland . John M. Kirk, Stewart Sanderson, J.D.A. Widdowson, eds. Tourism: A Community Approach . Peter E. Murphy. Cities and Services: The Geography of Collective Consumption . Steven Pinch. An Historical Geography of Europe 1800–1914 . Norman J. G. Pounds. An Introduction to Human Ecology Research on Agricultural Systems in Southeast Asia . A. Terry Rambo and Percy E. Sajise, eds. Discovering Past Landscapes . Michael Reed, ed. Managing the Ocean: Resources, Research, Law . Jacques G. Richardson, ed. Carta fitosociologica de la transecta botanica de la Patagonia Austral . F.A. Roig , Juan Anchorema , Orlando Dollenz , A.M. Faggi and Eduardo Mandez Intermetropolitan Migration in Canada: Changing Determinants over Three Decades . R. Paul Shaw. Chinese Cities—The Growth of the Metropolis since 1949 . Victor F. Sit, ed. Urbanization in the World-Economy . Michael Timberlake, ed. The Al Business: Commercial Uses of Artificial Intelligence . Patrick H. Winston and Karen A. Prendergast, eds.