BATC测光系统的仪器效率测定

对文[2]的4颗流量标准星HD19445、HD84937、BD 17°4708和BD 26°2606中的2颗:HD19445和HD84937所在天区,用BATC15色测光系统中的14色滤光片(除b片外)进行测光。利用批处理程序PipelineI和PipelineⅡ对观测数据进行处理,并利用观测天区中标准星已知的BATC星等来确定天区内的其它恒星的BATC星等。我们估算出天光背景值,并寻找得到的信噪比与BATC星等mbatc以及曝光时间t之间的关系,最后得到三者之间的经验关系公式。     

瓦斯抽采履带式坑道钻机的研制与应用

目前煤矿井下瓦斯抽采用全液压动力头式钻机以分体式为主,钻机搬迁费时费力,钻孔施工效率较低,履带式钻机的研制有效地解决了这一问题。从4种新型履带式坑道钻机的研制及现场应用情况看,采用整体式履带车载结构,可在井下自行搬迁,方便快捷,工人劳动强度低;机身倾角调整方便省力,钻机固定安全可靠;钻机设计参数合理,配套高强度钻杆处理卡钻事故的能力强;采用全液压驱动,各执行机构既可实现联动,又可单独控制工作;液压系统采用多泵系统,可独立调节各机构工作参数、转速和扭矩无级调整;采用具有节能效果的负载敏感技术,泵控变量便于实现远程控制,符合钻进工况特性要求,可满足煤矿坑道不同孔深钻探施工需求。     

“羊D1”油气勘探井井控装置的连接设计

在地质勘探钻井中一般不需要进行井口压力控制。辽西金羊盆地“羊D1” 钻井采用地质勘探井的钻井工艺方法进行油气勘探,需要预备有井口压力控制措施。地质钻井设备和井控装置如何耦合是本文讨论的重点。以该井为例,介绍了用全液压岩心钻机全孔金刚石绳索取心钻进工艺施工油气勘探井的施工工艺。钻进中综合考虑了YDX-6型全液压岩心钻机平台的下方空间尺寸、井身结构设计以及本钻井的井口压力控制等要求,选择和设计了一套满足小口径取心钻探施工要求的井控装置。     

Error assessment of grid-based diffuse solar radiation models

Two grid-based diffuse solar radiation models, ESRI’s Solar Analyst (SA) and Kumar’s model (KM), were assessed using a data-independent approach where each model’s numerical results of clear sky diffuse radiation on V/U-shaped surfaces were compared with analytical results derived using each model’s assumptions. SA and KM consistently underestimate and overestimate, respectively, diffuse radiation at daily, seasonal, and annual scale relative to the analytical results based on each model’s parameterizations. Overall, SA performs better than KM in modeling diffuse radiation at most timescales. While SA and KM have similar error in calculating diffuse radiation on a horizontal surface, SA models sky view factor much better than KM, with mean absolute relative differences of 0.76% and 17.02%, respectively. KM has a large error in sky view factor as it does not consider the shading effect from surrounding terrain. Sky view factor error in SA is small and use of more zenith divisions can further reduce the error. Based on our previous study, model performance on clear sky global solar radiation was also evaluated. Overall, KM performs better than SA in global radiation as KM performs better than SA in modeling direct radiation which is the major component of global radiation.     

地基可见光全天空云图云量图像处理识别方法

为增强地基可见光全天空云图中云与天空的特征和区别,提高云检测率,基于图像复原和图像增强技术提出一种改善云图质量的方法。该方法采用暗通道去雾算法进行图像复原;采用亮度直方图均衡增强图像纹理细节;综合两种方法,先图像复原,再图像增强。按低能见度薄云、低能见度厚云、高能见度薄云、高能见度厚云4种情况分别进行讨论,结果表明:除高能见度薄云采用单一的图像复原使云检测效果降低外,图像复原和图像增强都能使云检测和云量识别准确率提高;综合二者,云检测和云量识别准确率进一步提高;该方法对薄云和低能见度云图的改善最为显著。     

激光云高仪与可见光测云仪观测试验对比

选取激光云高仪观测的云高和可见光测云仪观测的云量,通过对比两种地面云观测设备观测数据在相同条件下的差异,分析不同要素对设备观测性能的影响,结果表明:在相同观测条件下,两种地基云观测设备的观测结果不同;激光云高仪和可见光测云仪受雾、霾、降水等天气现象以及云物理特性的影响,云观测数据会出现的漏报和误报的现象;激光云高仪还受自身探测高度和垂直分辨率的影响,对高云和薄云的捕获率较差。     

A low resolution map of Europa from four occultations by Io

Analysis of three occultations of JII (Europa) by JI (Io) has resulted in a preliminary reflectivity map of JII for the hemisphere centered on longitude 324°, a measurement of 1483±20 km for the radius of JII, estimates of the event impact parameters, determination of the mid event times, and a visual geometric albedo, p_ν = 0.74, for JII. A fourth occultation light curve was used after derivation of the results to confirm their validity.     

Investigation of a eutrophic tidal basin: part 2nutrients and environmental aspects

The eutrophication of Langstone Harbour, a large tidal basin, has been studied by statistically designed nutrient surveys. Rates of input of nutrients from the sea, from effluent discharges and from other sources, have been estimated. Sediment/water interactions have been shown to be important in the phosphate budget of the basin, but they are less important in the nitrogen budget. Deductions were made about the relative importance of the various inputs and processes affecting concentrations of nutrients in the water column.It is concluded that ecologically or aesthetically detrimental growths of macroalgae are unlikely to occur in Langstone Harbour in the foreseeable future and that the removal of nutrient inputs, formerly thought to be necessary, will not, in fact, be required.The principles of the experimental design and of interpreting the data are of general applicability to tidal waters where the ratio of natural to man-made inputs needs to be known, where eutrophication is, or is expected to become, a problem, or where the progressive accumulation of nutrients by recycling is suspected.     

综合线面特征分布的点目标多尺度聚类方法

考虑空间数据分布的复杂性与不连续性,提出了一种点目标聚类方法。算法利用全要素Voronoi图准确识别与表达点目标与线面实体的空间相关性;根据点目标位置分布特征计算面积阈值来控制聚类的粒度,同时以空间尺度变化下面积阈值的恒定作为判断尺度收敛的条件,实现点目标的多尺度划分,时间复杂度为O(nlogn)。经试验验证,聚类尺度随点目标分布特征自适应收敛,算法无须自定义参数,能够有效地发现受线面目标约束的任意形态点目标集群,对异常值处理稳健。     

丽江高美古的夜天光亮度

１９９６年１月～１９９８年３月,我们用光电方法测定了丽江高美古在Ｂ、Ｖ两个波段的夜天光亮度。为便于比较,在１９９６年１月还测定了云南天文台凤凰山台址的夜天光亮度。本文给出了观测结果,同时也列出了世界上一些天文台站的数据以供参考。