晴空云凝结核垂直探测个例分析

利用机载DMT云凝结核计数器观测了2009年10月13日陕西关中西部晴空云凝结核（CCN）的垂直分布。分析结果显示：关中西部晴天地面CCN平均浓度在过饱和度为0.2%时大于10000个/cm3,大雾天气下地面CCN浓度明显高于晴天。CCN浓度随高度增加而递减,1500 m以下为高值区,1000 m、1550 m、4100 m、5500 m高度的CCN平均浓度在过饱和度为0.4%时分别为8827个/cm3、4439个/cm3、456个/cm3、504个/cm3。     

近沙尘源区气溶胶光学特性的季节变化及其统计学描述

利用天空辐射计测定了敦煌地区1999年1月至2001年3月期间太阳直接辐射和散射辐射,采用“SKYRAD”反演模式同时反演了敦煌地区气溶胶光学厚度、体积尺度分布和折射指数实部,分析了其季节变化及统计学特性。结果表明,光学厚度存在明显季节变化,大致从12月开始存在明显的上升,3月或4月达到最大值,5—8月光学厚度逐渐减小,9—10月又有所上升,11月达到最小值,而波长指数的变化与光学厚度的变化基本相反;敦煌地区气溶胶光学厚度和波长指数的概率分布与其季节变化具有很好的相关性,并近似满足对数正态分布和正态分布;4个季节的气溶胶波长指数与光学厚度表现出一种相似的关系,并可以简单地利用一个指数函数加以描述;气溶胶尺度分布表现出双峰型结构,一种是位于半径0.25 μm附近的积聚态,另一种是半径7.7 μm左右的粗模态,且春季积聚态与粗模态之间存在着一个假模态;折射指数实部春季明显升高,对波长的敏感性较低,且4个季节的概率分布最大值均处在1.54～1.56范围内;两种情况下对实部值的概率分布进行拟合,发现其概率分布同样可以利用高斯模型加以描述,但是两种情况下春季与其他季节明显不同。     

丽江高美古的天文观测条件

综述对丽江高美古的视宁度、天光亮度、消光系数进行观测的原理、仪器、观测方法和结果．结果表明,高美古是我国南方的优良光学天文台址,视宁度达到世界优良台址的水平     

Photometric survey near the main Galactic meridian: 2.2. Finding charts and photoelectric UBVR stellar magnitudes in 26 fields

Finding charts and photoelectric magnitudes of stars in the UBVR system in 26 fields of the MEGA programme are presented. This part of the photometric survey near the Main Galactic Meridian includes the fields with right ascentions 8^h < α < 16^h30^m and declinations −2° < δ < 58°. Together with the finding charts of 2.5° × 2.5° the equatorial coordinates of the stars are given for epoch and equinox 1950. Photometric properties of the night sky at the Mount Terskol observatory near Mount Elbrus are derived from the photoelectric observations.     

输出近百纳焦耳脉冲能量的光子晶体光纤锁模激光器

设计并搭建了一种支持百纳焦耳量级的单脉冲能量输出的锁模光纤激光器.激光器基于σ型腔结构,采用掺Yb偏振型大模场面积光子晶体光纤作为增益介质,利用半导体可饱和吸收镜实现自启动锁模.激光器内没有色散补偿机理,使其工作在全正色散锁模状态.通过在谐振腔内引入多通长腔使激光器的重复频率降低至11.1 MHz,直接获得了平均功率为1.08 W,单脉冲能量为 97 nJ,脉冲宽度为4.17 ps的稳定锁模脉冲输出,经腔外色散补偿,脉冲宽度压缩至740 fs.     

THE HISTORICAL RECORDS OF VOLCANIC ERUPTION IN THE KOREAN PENINSULA

The historical document record is of vital significance to determine the volcanic eruption history age in the volcanology research and it cannot be replaced by ¹⁴C dating and other methods. The volcanoes are widely distributed in the northeast area of China, but there is lack of relevant historical records. However, there are the records of the volcanic eruption in the historical documents of Goryeo Dynasty(AD918-1392)and Joseon Dynasty(AD1391-1910)in the Korean Peninsula which is separated by a river with China only. Some of the records have been widely used as important information to the research of Changbaishan Tianchi volcano eruption history by researchers both at home and abroad, but they have different opinions. On the basis of the historical documents in the Korean Peninsula, that is, the History of Goryeo Dynasty and the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty so on, the phenomena of volcanic eruptions, including the intuitive eruptive events and the doubtful volcanic eruption phenomenon such as "the ash fall", "the white hair fall", "the sky fire", "the dust fall" are investigated and put in order systematically in this paper. The results are as follows:1)The intuitive eruptive events are the 1002AD eruption of Mt. Halla volcano on Jeju Island, Korea Peninsula, and the 1007AD volcanic eruption offshore to the west of Jeju Island, Korea Peninsula, as well as the 1597AD eruption of Mt. Wangtian'e volcano in Changbai County, Jilin Province, China; 2)"The ash fall" is airborne volcanic ash, and those "ash falls" happening in 1265, 1401-1405, 1668, 1673 and 1702AD are possibly the tephra of Changbaishan Tianchi volcano; 3)"The white hair fall" is Pele's hair and it is speculated that the "white hair fall "happening in 1737AD is related to Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic eruption; 4)If regarding "the sky fire" as the volcanic eruption phenomenon, "the sky fire" happening in 1533AD is possibly the Changbaishan volcanic eruption event, and "the sky fire" in 1601-1609AD may be the eruptive event of the Longgang volcano in Jilin Province, China or Changbaishan Tianchi volcano; 5)"The dust fall" is recorded in many historical documents. However, "the dust fall" is not the volcanic ash fall but the phenomenon of loess fall. So, it is improper to determine the eruptive events of Changbaishan Tianchi volcano on the basis of "the dust fall".     

兴隆85cm望远镜的夜天光平场及Fringing效应

北京师范大学参与共建的85 cm光学望远镜是中国科学院国家天文台兴隆观测站的主力观测设备之一.利用该望远镜在2019年5月12日的非常规观测数据,构建了其在B、V、 R、 I 4个波段的夜天光平场,并与相应的天光平场进行了比较.发现天光平场改正的典型误差在0.5%左右,全视场最大可达1.5%–2.0%.同时,还构建了I波段夜天光背景的Fringing模型,并开放给该望远镜用户使用.     

移动三维激光测量系统在地铁运营隧道病害监测中的应用研究

随着我国轨道交通建设事业的蓬勃发展,三维地理信息系统在地铁隧道相关的竣工测量、变形监测等方面逐步得到应用,越来越受到地铁工程建设和管理部门的重视。由于地铁隧道工程的复杂性,采用传统方法进行运营隧道监测需要花费大量的人力、物力和时间。为了适应地铁建设和运营管理部门对地铁工程信息化、三维可视化工作的迫切要求,本文提出了一种集成多种传感器于一体的移动三维激光测量系统。该系统集成了高精度三维扫描仪及编码器等传感器,能快速、高精度地获取隧道内轮廓断面尺寸,通过配套的软件处理,高效地对限界、断面轮廓及隧道变形进行分析。通过在实际项目中应用验证表明,该方法能有效地解决地铁隧道病害监测中的实际问题,可供同类地铁工程项目参考借鉴。     

FY-2E红外通道“晴空区”水汽信息提取算法的改进与应用效果

提出了一种改进的FY-2E红外通道"晴空区"水汽信息提取算法——二次差分法,即在对红外分裂窗云掩图进行分裂窗差分的基础上再进行时间差分处理,或者先进行时间差分后再进行分裂窗差分处理。该方法能减弱晴空区地表温度变化对水汽信息提取的干扰,从而有助于获得水汽团的纹理及其移动信息。实验结果表明,应用该方法可以更加有效地追踪红外通道"晴空区"水汽微弱示踪信号的移动,获得传统云导风方法所无法得到的晴空水汽含量高值区风场信息,且晴空风矢与NCEP(national centers for environmental prediction)再分析资料级低空风场有着很好的一致性。     

矿尘气溶胶短波辐射效应的初步研究

在辐射传输模式CRM中引入粒径为0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0、8.0 μm的5段矿尘气溶胶粒子,模拟计算气溶胶对短波辐射通量的影响.计算结果表明:气溶胶引起晴空短波净辐射通量减少;在分布有气溶胶的层内,粒子半径增大、光学厚度增大都会使短波净辐射通量减少;在气溶胶层以上,辐射通量的变化与具体的粒子半径有关.