略论泰州组及其时代

利用孢粉系统学方法研究前人发表的江苏北部海安凹陷和盆地西缘钦30井泰州组的孢粉组合,并由此对这两个地区泰州组的地质年代和区域对比提出不同的看法:即海安凹陷的泰州组应是白垩纪最晚的马斯特里赫特期的沉积,而钦30井泰州组则为坎佩尼或部分为前坎佩尼期的沉积。结合介形类动物群的产出,将上述两地区的泰州组与泰州组建组的泰1井泰州组等进行了对比。     

徐淮地区冬小麦叶龄与有效积温的样条模式

分析冬小麦越冬前叶龄变化，温度有效性随播期，发育期变化及其对叶龄的影响。用样条回归方法，建立了叶龄与有效积温模式，并用该模式确定冬小麦适播期以及插补缺测的叶龄。     

青藏高原的抬升和夷平过程对气候与环境的影响

系统地讨论了高原隆起的早第三纪至现代青藏高原的７次抬升过程对气候和环境的影响，应用气象学理论分析了当时气候形成的原因，主要结论；（１）高原隆起前的干热气候是由于隆起全球地势平坦，致使大气热机效率很低之效；（２）渐新世初高原的水平尺度达到斜压大气地转适应的临界尺度，大气环流从南北两极“两涡对峙”突变成地球三极的“三涡鼎立”气候发生突变；（３）分析了２．５Ｍａ时高原抬升到２０００ｍ这一重要临界高度后大     

Regional metamorphic belts of the Japanese Islands

Abstract An overview of the regional metamorphic belts of Japan is given in the context of the tectonic evolution of the Japanese Islands. The Japanese Islands were situated on an active margin of the Eurasian continent or its constituent landmass before their assembly during the Phanerozoic. The Japanese Islands are composed mainly of metamorphosed and unmetamorphosed accretionary complexes, granitoids and their effusive equivalents that were formed by the Cordilleran-type orogeny. The metamorphic belts are regarded essentially as a deep-seated portion of an accretionary complex. In spite of continuous subduction of oceanic plates beneath the continents, these orogenic rocks were formed quite episodically, as evidenced by discontinuous matrix ages of the accretionary complexes and a striking concentration of isotopic ages of the granitoids. A systematic along-arc age shift of Cretaceous large-scaled granitic magmatism and regional metamorphism suggests a tectonic control such as ridge subduction, which triggered the episodic orogeny. A tectonic model based on the paired metamorphic belts, combined with the non-steady tectonic control, works well to explain this magmatism and metamorphism in a single arc-trench system as a continental margin process. However, the juxtapositional process of the paired metamorphic belts is still a problem. Two possible cases, namely transcurrent displacement and back-arc overthrusting are discussed.     

华南某些含钨花岗岩的K-Ar年龄

测定了华南某些与钨矿床有关的花岗岩和钨矿脉样品的K—Ar年龄,共37件。这些花岗岩的表观年龄自183Ma至99.5Ma(年龄值为715Ma的岩体与钨矿无关),其中68％以上样品值域在150Ma左右。~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar—40K/~(36)Ar等时线图解给出的等时年龄为132.1Ma,说明这些花岗岩在形成时代上属中侏罗到早白垩世。我们发现在华南钨矿成矿域内,有一个从中心带向外年龄逐渐变青的趋势。用矿脉中和矿脉侧云英岩中云母类矿物所做的K—Ar定年得到的矿化作用的年龄,与各自相关的花岗岩的年龄非常接近,以至于很难用K—Ar定年法加以区别。即成矿作用和成岩作用有一种准同期性。等时线对应的~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar初始比高于现今大气Ar的比值,表明花岗岩在固结时有继承Ar存在。     

天然热释光测量方法在地质找矿中的应用

天然热释光测量方法是近几年发展起来的寻找隐伏铀矿体的方法。同时也是一种新的地质研究手段。经多种类型铀矿床的试验结果表明,该方法能有效地发现埋深几十米至二百多米深的盲矿体。此外,还可划分复式岩体不同侵入期和确定其侵入时代;区分产铀岩体与非产铀岩体;划分硅化带中各期石英岩的先后活动序次,进而确定与矿化有关的断裂带及各种热液铀矿脉的成矿时代。     

我国东部晚第四纪气候演变

晚第四纪气候演变有3个主要阶段:最后间冰期、大理冰期和冰后期。最后间冰期分3个暖期和2个冰期,最高温高于现在4℃。大理冰期分3个副冰期和2个副间冰期,最低温低于现在8—13℃;但冰暖变幅7—8℃的气候旋回可达10个。冰后期气候变化分4个阶段,冷暖变幅仅5-6℃。气候变化全过程表明,未来气候趋向变冷,人为影响只能起减缓或促进作用,而不能转变总趋向。     

湘中南花岗岩类地质时代分析

本文利用花岗岩形成时,在围岩岩层上保留一定的构造形迹来判别花岗岩形成方式和时代,为确定花岗岩形成时代开辟了一条简便的途径。     

Petrology of a new basalt occurrence in Hungary

Summary A new occurrence of basalt (minimum K/Ar age 57.9 ± 2.2 m.y.) is reported from Budaliget, near Budapest. Major and minor element concentrations show that the basalts are alkaline and potassic in nature ranging from olivine tholeiite to moderately undersaturated basanite. High mg-values and concentrations of Ni and Cr indicate that some of the samples may represent primary compositions. High pressure accidental xenoliths, xenocrysts and cognate megacrysts are frequent and the chemical zoning patterns of olivine and pyroxene phenocrysts indicate a complex evolution and polibaric conditions for the crystallization. The discovery of the new basalt occurrence is important from a geodynamical point of view: prior to the last two major geodynamical events (Plio-Pleistocene rifting with associated alkali basaltic volcanism and collision of microplates with associated Miocene calk-alkaline volcanism) the continental lithosphere below NE Transdanubia may have experienced another rifting period in the Paleocene or Upper Cretaceous.With 7 Figures     

中国东部中生代斑岩及其矿床同位素年代研究

中国东部中生代斑岩及其矿床同位素年龄研究表明,它们在时空分布上是与岩浆活动及构造运动的时空特征相呼应的。例如华南及长江中下游一带其时空分布与岩浆活动同步,由西向东逐渐变新。在东秦岭,斑岩的空间分布受东西构造控制,而时间演化上受北东向构造控制。本文还根据不同衰变系统封闭温度,讨论了成矿温度的上限。