桂北地区剪切带型金矿成矿机理研究

桂北地区金矿划分为石英脉型、石英细脉带型和构造蚀变岩型金矿.不同级别剪切带构造控制矿化集中区、矿床、矿体分布以及矿脉形态、产状和矿化类型,具有上部石英脉型、中部石英细脉带型、下部构造蚀变岩型金矿的矿化分带模式.金质矿源主要来源于上地壳围岩,硫源主要来自深部,金矿成矿溶液主要来源于大气降水,热源来自变质和构造运动,成矿时代主要为燕山期.矿床成因属是产于前寒武纪浅变质碎屑岩系的与脆一韧性剪切带有关的中低温热液脉状金矿.     

内蒙古阿拉善北部雅干构造带白山组火山岩年龄、地球化学特征及其对区域构造演化的约束

阿拉善北部雅干地区古生代火山岩发育,研究其形成时代和地质特征,对探讨中亚造山带中段南缘北山弧盆系的演化具有重要的意义。对雅干地区原划奥陶系火山岩进行了同位素年代学与地球化学研究,获得流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为298.4±1.5Ma,时代为早二叠世初期,结合岩石组合特征和区域对比,将其重新厘定为上石炭统—下二叠统白山组。该套火山岩富SiO2、高K2O、低TiO2,属于钙碱性系列; 相对富集Rb、Pb、K等大离子亲石元素,明显亏损Ta、Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素; 呈现为轻稀土元素相对富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的的右倾特征,具有较明显的负Eu异常,显示出陆缘弧火山岩的地球化学特征。上述证据表明,雅干地区白山组火山岩形成于古亚洲洋向明水-旱山地块北缘俯冲的陆缘弧构造环境。     

阿尔金活动断裂带的分数维及分析

本文应用分数维理论，计算了阿尔金活动断裂带的分数维值，从分数维值的大小反映断裂构造复杂程度的观点出发，分析了阿尔金活动断裂带的活动特点。     

A local model for analysis of pump and treat systems with vertical barrier walls

We present a mathematical model of local, steady groundwater flow near a vertical barrier wall. Flow features represented in the model include an impermeable arc-shaped barrier wall and multiple wells; distant boundary conditions are not included explicitly, but their effects on the local flow field are modelled by specifying a uniform flow at infinity and a constant areal recharge within a local domain. We develop an explicit closed-form solution to the boundary-value problem using the analytic element method. The solution is an extension of a harmonic solution presented by Anderson and Mesa [Anderson EI, Mesa E. The effects of vertical barrier walls on the hydraulic control of contaminated groundwater. Adv Water Resourc 2006;29(1):89–98] which does not include the effects of recharge. We demonstrate that the general solution with recharge consists of the harmonic solution superposed on a special case of the harmonic solution along with two elementary one-dimensional flow solutions. The results are used to investigate the effects of areal recharge on the capture zone envelopes of the pumping wells and on the reduction in discharge that can be achieved by including a barrier wall in a pump and treat design. We find that the benefits of including an open barrier wall in a design, measured as a reduction in the pumping rate required to contain a plume, increase for higher recharge rates. Dimensionless plots of capture zone envelopes are presented for a practical well and barrier wall configuration.     

新疆柯坪新生代推覆岩席的走向连接与成因分析

柯坪断隆新生代推覆构造是南天山南缘冲断系统的一部分,断隆上多排逆冲岩席被数条横向断裂复杂化,致使不同地段岩席排数不等,各排岩席在走向上的对应关系不明,形成了十分奇特的山弯构造.逆冲岩席的变形特点是南天山新生代造山运动的重要表征.笔者通过卫星影像分析和野外路线地质调查,对横向断裂切割各排逆冲岩席之切点部位的构造特征及岩席内部中小型构造所显示的成因信息进行了详细分析,据此,对复杂岩席在走向上进行了连接,对其数量进行了识别.在此基础上,提出了复杂岩席成因的斜冲褶皱模式,即在北西向应力场持续作用下,岩席向南东斜冲,并在其水平位移分量作用下,沿走向发生褶皱和斜冲错断:横向断裂是多排岩席褶皱翼部扭性断层的发展和连通.     

Study of Influence of Regional Geodynamic Background on Strata Behaviors in China's Tongxin Mine

Strata behaviors are mainly affected by regional geodynamic background. The influence of rock mass stress and energy distribution on strata behaviors in the Tongxin mine is studied in terms of regional tectonic movement, seismic activity and tectonic stress field. The results show that the extrusion lifting movement of Kouquan fault adjacent to the Tongxin mine results in the stress concentration in the rock of the Carboniferous coal bed and accumulation of a large amount of elastic energy and forms structural background of Tongxin mine. Due to various seismic activities in the mine area, the strain energy is known to reach much higher levels, up to 0.5×10⁸ J^1/2. Since the stratigraphic structure is sensitive to the mining operation, the strain energy could cause strong strata behaviors. A special geological structure model of the Tongxin mine is established based on the geodynamic division method. The distribution of regional structure stress field is determined by the rock mass stress analysis system. Based on this model, Tongxin mine is divided into five areas with high stress, eight areas with low stress and eight areas with gradient stress. The strong strata behaviors mostly occur in high stress areas. These results could provide guidance to predict the strength of regional or mine pressure and control strata behavior in different areas.     

新疆卡瓦布拉克大型剪切带及成矿有利地段

在东天山“中天山结晶轴”南部的卡瓦布拉克－星星峡一带,存在一条长达500km以上的大型韧性剪切带。该带中发育有变形花岗闪长岩、蛇纹石化超基性岩、辉长岩侵入体、硅质岩和砾岩,说明在中天山前寒武纪地块与塔里木基底之间存在一条构造混杂岩带,韧性剪切带叠加在在构造混杂岩带上。该韧性剪切带宏观几何分布、次级构造组合、叠加变形特征均与康古尔塔格韧性剪切带极为相似。其中大洼地东部、沙垅铁矿南部和双峰山地区是金、铅、锌、铜成矿的有利区段。     

开发区不同行业工业用地集约利用水平评价——以辽宁省北票开发区为例

以北票开发区为研究对象,通过对不同工业行业进行划分,建立不同行业工业用地土地集约利用水平评价指标体系,应用多因素综合评价模型对开发区内不同行业工业用地集约利用水平进行了测算,揭示其集约利用水平及其差异性,研究结果表明：北票开发区整体工业用地集约利用水平较高,其中纺织业、服装及其他纤维制品制造业和化学原料及化学制品制造业用地集约水平最高,而饮料制造业用地集约利用水平最低。     

岩石嵌固掏挖基础抗拔承载特性及其影响因素研究

岩石嵌固掏挖基础目前已经广泛应用于电力基础工程中。原状土由于受扰动较小,胶结性强,具有良好的抗剪强度,对掏挖基础抗拔承载力具有重要影响,因此研究原状土参数变化对基础上拔承载性能的影响规律具有重要意义。结合现场试验,建立数值模型,研究土体黏聚力、内摩擦角、弹性模量对基础上拔承载性能的影响规律。研究表明:土体内摩擦角和黏聚力对基础抗拔承载力具有较大影响,而弹性模量影响程度较低;参数的变化对土体塑性区发展规律影响较小。     

我国岩溶资源环境领域的创新问题

中国岩溶地区资源环境问题突出,制约着经济社会的发展。“十八大”以来国家大力推进科技创新和生态文明建设。科技创新不仅有助于解决和应对岩溶地区的资源环境问题,也将推动岩溶科学的发展,服务我国生态文明建设。今后的岩溶研究应当落实地球系统科学在岩溶学中的应用,发挥我国岩溶研究的地域优势,探索我国岩溶关键带的特征和重要过程;加强岩溶作用应对全球变化、岩溶碳汇速率和稳定性的研究,建立应对极端气候的长效机制;考虑古纬度和古气候对古岩溶形成的影响;深入探索微生物对深部碳酸盐岩岩溶形成的作用;系统梳理和总结我国第一期石漠化治理工程的经验和存在的问题,更好地指导下一步的治理工作;思考从南北方岩溶分界线的角度开展岩溶自然遗产地的申报工作;将现代大数据等技术运用到岩溶资源环境、水文地质研究中,做好地质灾害的预警预报和应对资源短缺问题的研究,服务国家需求。