The features of physical geography in the transitional region between Qinling Mountains and Huanghuai Plain

The features of physical geography in the transitional region between Qinling Mountains and Huanghuai Plain possess transitional characters evidently in two directions: one is from the western mountain to the eastern plain and the other is from southern subtropical zone to northern temperate zone. Torrential rain, especially strong torrential rain is frequent in the transitional region, and there are many torrential rain centers. A majority of torrential rain is distributed among 100-200 m asl. The winter temperature at 100-400 m asl is higher than that in Huanghuai Plain whose altitude is lower than that of the transitional region, and the highest temperature in January appears at 350-400 m asl. The thickness of warm slope belt in the transitional region varies from 100 m to 250 m asl. The formation of torrential rain and warm slope belt is the result of joint action of atmospheric circulation and local terrain. Frequent torrential rains and warm slope belt had tremendous influences on the soil properties, plant distribution and local climate in the transitional region.     

秦巴山区宁陕县城坡面型泥石流的形成机理

近年来,在异常强降雨下,秦巴地区大型滑坡、泥石流灾害频繁发生,尤其是高陡斜坡上罕见的坡面型泥石流不仅突发性强,而且成灾面积大,造成的经济损失十分惨重。本文以2003年8月29日发生于秦岭造山带腹地宁陕县城区的坡面型泥石流为例,通过野外地质调查和室内试验测试,分析了暴雨作用下宁陕城区高陡斜坡带坡面型泥石流的发育特征及其形成机理。作者认为,除了持续集中的特大暴雨和斜坡陡峻等因素外,斜坡表层残坡积物的物质组成尤其是残坡积土的粘粒含量和粘土矿物成分是坡面型泥石流大面积同时发生的重要控制性因素。通过不同含水状态下的粘性土抗剪强度试验结果统计分析,剖析了暴雨坡面型泥石流的形成过程,探讨了斜坡浅表层残坡积物快速流动变形的临界状态,从而为地质灾害预测预警提供了科学依据。     

豫西小秦岭地区太华杂岩中斜长角闪岩地球化学及其大地构造意义

小秦岭地区太华杂岩的斜长角闪岩以多种产状出露于表壳岩系和花岗质片麻岩中，经历了角闪岩相区域变质作用，形成黑云斜长角闪岩、透辉斜长角闪岩、斜长角闪岩和黑云石榴斜长角闪岩等岩石类型。     

汉中──碧口地区的造山结构和构造

文章以勉略带为中心，概述了勉略带组成、分布，重点简介了组成勉略（康县一略阳段）中间混杂带的三个逆冲推覆（混杂）岩片带的岩石构造单元和构造变形序列以及产于混杂岩带中的蛇绿岩地质组成、岩石学和地球化学特征。在上述基础上结合南秦岭、摩天岭、龙门山、扬子西北缘晓华力西以来的变形构造几何学格局和古特提斯北部陆缘（古中国西南缘）构造组成轮廓后，将本区厘定为特提斯造山系一部分，建立两条结合带，双向汇聚体制，两列造山带（秦岭造山带、松潘─甘孜造山带），和一个共有的前陆（扬子西北缘）区域造山模型。     

Element—Assemblage Zoning Features of Gold Deposis in the Cambrian Silicalite Formation,Western Qinling

The gold deposits,occurring in the south subzone of western Qinling,are the only typical and important strata-bound gold deposits,which are associated with submarine exhalative sedimentation.The gold deposits include the La‘erma ore deposit,the Qiongmo ore deposit and the Yaxiang ore occurrence.They are hosted i the Cambrian silicalite formation composed of black chert and slate.The presence of typical chert offers important evidence to evaluate the possible submarine exhalative system and its role in the formation of the gold deposits,which are closely associated with peroclation and diffusion in the horizontal,vertical and axial directions,Element-assemblage zonation is clearly seen due to differences in element concentrations in different directions,Such a zonation makes gold.selenium,uranium,copper,stibium,molybdenum,mercury,etc,precipitate in the form of simple or composite orebodies.The establishent of the element-assemblage zonation is highly helpful for evaluating directly the metallogenesis of gold deposits.     

多元地学数据信息处理及解译在西秦岭地区金矿找矿中的应用

多元地学数据信息处理及其在综合找矿中的应用，以其信息量大、多方位、立体化、快速高效等特点，近年来受到普遍重视。作者在秦岭成矿带甘肃段（西秦岭地区）约５万ｋｍ２范围内，利用最新的地质、矿产、物化探、遥感等方面资料，开展金矿多元地学数据信息处理和综合分析解译，研究多元地学信息特征及其与金矿的关系和成矿地质环境，查明了深部构造和岩浆活动规律，建立三维空间的金矿找矿模型，寻找金成矿有利区。实践表明，该研究方法在金矿资源调查和分析研究区域地质构造方面有着显著的地质效果。     

Re—Os Isotope Ages of Molybdenum Deposits in East Qinling and Their Significance

Dating of metallic ore deposits has been one of the problems concerned with by ore geologists for many years.The establishment of the Re-Os Isotope Laboratory at the Institute of Rock and Mineral Analysis,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, has provided us with a new technique to carry out geochronological studies of molybdenum ores.As one of the most important Re-bearing minerals, molybdenite contains almost no common osmium, but ^187Os was derived completely from decay of ^187Re, with ^187Os content as the function of Re content in the mineral .An ID-ICP-MS technique has been used in this study,and Re-Os isotopic ages of several large molybdenum deposits of differ-ent types from the East Qinling molybdenum belt have been determined.It is indicated that the Huanglongpu carbonatite vein-type molybdenum-(lead) deposit has a Re-Os age corresponding to Indosinian,while the rest porphyry-type molybdenum deposits and porphyry-skarn-type molybdenum-(tungsten) deposits have Re-Os ages corresponding to Yenshanian.     

东秦岭松树沟蛇绿岩区逆冲推覆构造及其地质意义

松树沟蛇绿岩是东秦岭构造带内出露规模最大的超镁铁—镁铁质杂岩体。地质填图证实，该区存在结构十分复杂的大型逆冲推覆构造系统，其中北区松树沟超镁铁质主岩体内发育的高角度逆冲断层系向北拆离；而包括富水杂岩在内的南区镁铁质及超镁铁质岩块均向南大规模逆掩；剖面上总体构成不对称（向南滑脱为主）的“背冲型”样式。松树沟逆冲推覆构造研究对恢复蛇绿岩组合层序及其古构造环境具有重要的地质意义。     

非线性成矿学与秦岭地区金矿床

非线性科学应用于成矿学研究，导致了“非线性成矿学”的产生。秦岭地壳中一些金矿床其特征及分布与地壳演化过程不协调，而与深部地质过程，特别是地幔活动密切相关。详细研究秦岭区金矿床形成的非线性特点，区别出秦岭区两种类型的金矿，即源于地壳并受地壳演化控制的线性金矿和源于地幔并受地幔非均一性控制的非线性金矿。