Matlab在矿区GPS网间接平差中的应用

针对矿区GPS网间接平差,首先,详细地分析了GPS网间接平差原理,按一定格式将GPS网中的观测数据编制成观测文件,其次,按观测文件的格式编制算法将数据读入并存储,然后用间接平差原理处理得到平差结果,最后绘制网形和误差椭圆并生成平差报告,为矿区控制网的建立和矿区生产管理提供了便利。实验验证了本文程序的实用性。     

GPS在胶济铁路勘测定界工程中的应用

根据胶济客运专线工程勘测定界工作的成功施测经验,探讨了GPS在狭长带状工程中的应用。针对狭长带状控制网,探讨了如何合理布设GPS点,使控制网更趋于合理,各项指标更完备,同时最大程度地节省人力、物力和时间。     

GPS技术在金川露天矿边坡变形监测中的应用

本文结合金川露天矿边坡变形GPS监测研究,主要论述监测基点的选择,基点WGS-84坐标的确定,变形监测网的布设,GPS数据采集、处理和质量,坐标转换的实施等,给出反演推出的若干四等三角点及其它控制点的变形数据,这些数据和造成变形的物理成因符合得很好,最后概括出GPS技术应用于变形观测的若干优点。     

COSMIC数据验证AMSU平流层低层观测的初步分析结果

基于Global Positioning System (GPS)掩星数据在平流层具有较高准确性、稳定性的优势,本文尝试用新一代GPS掩星观测——the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC)资料验证不同卫星平台上先进的微波探测仪（AMSU）的平流层观测结果.通过COSMIC大气温度廓线与AMSU辐射传输模式结合,得到模拟亮温,然后与AMSU平流层观测进行匹配比较.分析表明GPS掩星数据能够作为一个相对独立的参量检验NOAA15、16、18卫星平台内部的偏差.通过一年数据的比较验证,初步显示不同卫星平台的AMSU观测亮温在平流层低层都偏低,并且NOAA18平台的亮温偏低程度明显大于NOAA15、16.AMSU亮温偏差在极地冬季较为显著,尤其南极地区NOAA18的偏差幅度达到1.8 K.结合24小时内AMSU观测亮温偏差变化及其样本分布特征,可以看到明显的太阳辐射差异可能是导致AMSU观测亮温在极地偏差显著的主要原因.     

GPS单点测速技术在海浪测量中的应用研究

分析比对了GPS单点测速技术与其他已有测波手段的不同,讨论了基于多普勒频移的GPS测速方法,并分析了各类误差对测速精度的影响。分别利用原始多普勒值和导出多普勒值进行了静态测速试验和动态测速试验,将导出多普勒测速结果与RTK（RealTimeKinematic,实时动态测量系统）位置差分测速进行了比测。结果表明,使用静态数据采用高频导出多普勒值测速的精度可以达到亚厘米级每秒,而采用原始多普勒观测值进行测速因接收机型号的不同,结果差异较大;动态测速试验中,采用导出多普勒测速的方法与RTK位置差分测速的符合精度可达cm／s。     

某水电站滑坡形成机制及稳定性分析

该水电站滑坡变形主要表现在滑坡的前、后缘及其两侧,目前该滑坡已处于不稳定状态,因此对该滑坡的形成机制及稳定性进行分析就尤为重要。该滑坡的形成机制为蠕滑—拉裂式,稳定性的地质分析和定量计算都表明:该滑坡天然状态下处于稳定状态,持续降雨状态下处于不稳定状态。     

Ibiza Absolute Calibration Experiment: Survey and Preliminary Results

Within the framework of a project comprising part of the Spanish Space Program related to the JASON-1 CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales)/NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) mission, a campaign was conducted from June 9–17, 2003, on the Absolute Calibration Site of the island of Ibiza. The objective was to determine the local marine geoid slope under the ascending (187) and descending (248) Jason-1 ground tracks, in order to allow a better extrapolation of the open-ocean altimetric data with on-shore tide gauge locations, and thereby improve the overall precision of the calibration process. For this we have used a catamaran with two GPS antennas onboard, following the Corsica/Senetosa design (Bonnefond et al. 2003a Bonnefond, P., Exertier, P., Laurain, O., Menard, Y., Orsoni, A., Jeansou, E., Haines, B., Kubitschek, D. and Born, G. 2003a. Leveling Sea Surface using a GPS catamaran. Marine Geodesy, 26(3–4): 319–334. [Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Five GPS reference stations were deployed in order to reduce the distance between the areas covered by the catamaran and the fixed GPS receiver used in the kinematic process. The geodetic activities (e.g., GPS, leveling) have enabled the building of a very accurate (few mm) network in a reference frame compatible with the satellite altimetry missions (ITRF 2000). The GPS kinematic data were processed using two different software programmes, allowing checking of the consistency of the solutions. If the standard deviation of the differences (3.3 cm) is close to the kinematic process precision, they exhibit some large values (up to 14 cm). These large discrepancies have been reduced using a weighting based on the crossover differences. Inasmuch as the distances between the tide gauges and the areas covered by the GPS catamaran were becoming large, we have used the MOG2D ocean model (Carrère and Lyard 2003 Carrère, L. and Lyard, F. 2003. Modelling the barotropic response of the global ocean to atmospheric wind and pressure forcing—comparisons with observations. Geophys. Res. Letters, 30(6) [Google Scholar]) to correct the sea surface from tides. In the farthest areas, the crossover differences show an improvement by a factor of two. Finally, we also present preliminary results on Jason-1 altimeter calibration using the derived marine geoid. From this analysis, the altimeter bias is estimated to be 120 ± 5 mm. The quality of this first result validates the whole GPS-based marine geoid processing, for which the accuracy is estimated to be better than 3 cm rms at crossovers.     

移动GIS技术在土地变更调查中的应用

介绍了GPS定位的高精度和PDA的便于携带、功能强大的特点,将二者集成用于土地变更调查。探讨了移动GIS应用于土地变更调查的技术方法,移动GIS的系统结构及其开发实践。     

略论海洋测高卫星GPS厘米级定轨的实施基础

基于对多种飞机的机载GPS测量实践,认为我国HY-2海洋二号卫星实现厘米级精度的星载GPS定轨测量的基础是:选择适合天线,捕获多颗在视GPS卫星;注重天线安装位置,减弱多路径效应影响;选择适合GPS信号接收机,确保星载GPS测量数据优质。     

跨海高程传递方法的评价

针对跨海高程传递的最新进展,介绍了几种高程传递的实用方法,对优缺点和适用范围进行了分析与评价。初步试验结果分析表明,对于10km内的高程传递,几种方法均满足三等水准的精度要求,对于更远距离的跨海高程传递还需进一步研究。