Instability of an underground ancient tomb due to excavation and its relationship to the temperature and ground water

In order to consider a counterplan to preserve an ancient royal tomb in Kongju, Korea, the deformation of the wall structure, the atmospheric temperature in the tomb, and the groundwater level have been monitored. The long-term measurement of biaxial tilting of the tomb walls revealed that the brick-built subsurface opening had been subjected to severe structural instability. The measured deformation of the tomb was consistent with the displacement of soil around the tomb calculated using a numerical analysis. The instability of the tomb structure is closely related to the rainy season as the deformations measured are several times that in the dry season. A sudden change of temperature inside the tomb exerted an influence on the deformation of the tomb structure as well. It is suggested that the excavation be restored for tourists, the quicklime layer for preventing groundwater infiltration is reinforced, and a constant temperature is kept inside the tomb. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

塑料排水板处理的软土地基的分析

首先介绍了塑料排水板(PVD)加固的软土地基固结沉降计算的分析方法.该方法中提出了塑料排水板加固地基的等效竖向渗透系数的概念与计算方法.并介绍了影响分析结果的四个参数的选取方法.通过一个工程实例介绍了路堤荷载下PVD加固地基的有限元二维分析方法.结果表明所提方法可以较好地模拟实测数据.     

A Global Vertical Reference Frame Based on Four Regional Vertical Datums

A Global Vertical Reference Frame (GVRF) has been realized by means of several regional and local vertical datums (LVD) distributed world-wide: the North American Vertical Datum 1988 (NAVD 88), Australian Height Datum 1971 (AHD 71), LVD France, Institute Géographique National 1969 (IGN 69) and Brazilian Height Datum 1957 (BHD 57). The vertical shifts of the above LVD origins have been related to the adopted reference geopotential value W ₀ = (62 636 856.0 ± 0.5) m²s^–2 and they were determined at the 5 cm level. However, the W ₀ reference value can be chosen arbitrarily, the methodology, which was developed here, does not require that the above value be adopted.     

螺杆钻具纠斜的关键技术

国内 外施 工高 垂 直度 钻孔 的 唯一 方法 就 是以 有效 防 斜为 基础 ,加 密 测斜 ,并 及时 纠 斜 。 实践 证 明 ,螺 杆钻 纠斜 是 最有 效的 纠 斜方 法。 作 者讨 论了 螺 杆钻 纠斜 的 几个 关键 技 术问 题。     

垂直岩脉的大地电磁响应研究

对垂直岩脉的大地电磁响应进行解析推导,给出了TM极化和TE极化下高阻基底与低阻基底的垂直岩脉视电阻率解析公式,并通过对计算结果的分析,概括出垂直岩脉的大地电磁响应之视电阻率曲线特征。     

甚宽频带地震计频域标定的相关处理技术--用正交相关法提高大噪声条件下正弦波标定的精度

研究了正交相关法的数学原理,给出了仿真计算与测试应用的实例。结果表明,正交相关法具有很强的噪声抑制能力,克服了大噪声对标定精度的影响,大大提高了甚宽频带地震计的频域标定精度。     

西太平洋海域卫星测高重力垂直梯度分布

从地球重力场基本理论出发,推导了重力垂直梯度计算的数值积分公式,并利用由多颗测高卫星联合反演的2'×2'海洋重力异常资料,解算了西太平洋海域重力垂直梯度.将计算所得的重力异常垂直梯度与现有资料进行比较,其差值均方根为±10.08E,表明两者精度相当.此外,还对差值大小和空间分布进行了深入分析.     

Experimental evaluation of piecewise exact solution for predicting seismic responses of spherical sliding type isolated structures

The use of base isolation for enhancing seismic resistibility has been proven as an efficient method in experimental and theoretical studies. It is usual to insert a flexible device in the horizontal direction to permit the most of relative deformation of a structure at this level. Because the rigidity of the superstructure is much higher than that of the base isolator underneath the structure, the behavior of the superstructure can be idealized as a rigid body during earthquakes. In general, hundreds of degrees of freedom and a step‐by‐step time history analysis are the basic requirements for calculating the seismic response of a base‐isolated structure under earthquakes. In order to develop a simple tool which can be easily adopted for calculating the seismic responses of the spherical sliding type isolated structures, a piecewise exact solution for predicting the seismic responses of base‐isolated structures has been derived in this study. The comparison between the experimental results conducted at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) in Taiwan and the analytical results obtained from the piecewise exact solution show that the formulation derived in this study can predict the seismic responses of the base‐isolated structure with a very high accuracy. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

马边地磁异常与地震相关性统计分析

地磁异常与地震相关性研究是一个较为活跃的领域.马边台地磁Z分量表现出较明显的映震现象.其表现为：（1）“低点位移”在时间领域分布异常;（2）瞬时差幅度异常;（3）日变形态畸变.本文以马边台23年的地磁资料，以成都地磁台为参照，从以上三方面进行了分析和总结，得到单台地磁预测地震的一些有益的启示。     

Ellipsoidal vertical deflections and ellipsoidal gravity disturbance: Case studies

First, we present three different definitions of the vertical which relate to (i) astronomical longitude and astronomical latitude as spherical coordinates in gravity space, (ii) Gauss surface normal coordinates (also called geodetic coordinates) of type ellipsoidal longitude and ellipsoidal latitude and (iii) Jacobi ellipsoidal coordinates of type spheroidal longitude and spheroidal latitude in geometry space. Up to terms of second order those vertical deflections agree to each other. Vertical deflections and gravity disturbances relate to a reference gravity potential. In order to refer the horizontal and vertical components of the disturbing gravity field to a reference gravity field, which is physically meaningful, we have chosen the Somigliana-Pizzetti gravity potential as well as its gradient. Second, we give a new closed-form representation of Somigliana-Pizzetti gravity, accurate to the sub Nano Gal level. Third, we represent the gravitational disturbing potential in terms of Jacobi ellipsoidal harmonics. As soon as we take reference to a normal potential of Somigliana-Pizzetti type, the ellipsoidal harmonics of degree/order (0,0), (1,0), (1, − 1), (1,1) and (2,0) are eliminated from the gravitational disturbing potential. Fourth, we compute in all detail the gradient of the gravitational disturbing potential, in particular in orthonormal ellipsoidal vector harmonics. Proper weighting functions for orthonormality on the International Reference Ellipsoid are constructed and tabulated. In this way, we finally arrive at an ellipsoidal harmonic representation of vertical deflections and gravity disturbances. Fifth, for an ellipsoidal harmonic Gravity Earth Model (SEGEN: http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/gi/research/paper/coefficients/coefficients.zip) up to degree/order 360/360 we compute the global maps of ellipsoidal vertical deflections and ellipsoidal gravity disturbances which transfer a great amount of geophysical information in a properly chosen equiareal ellipsoidal map projection.