Factors regulating population dynamics of the amphipod Ampithoe valida in a eutrophic subtropical coastal lagoon

Year-round investigations were carried out to address the population dynamics of amphipod Ampithoe valida and its potential regulating factors in the Yundang Lagoon (a eutrophic subtropical coastal lagoon in Xiamen City, China) from October 2007 to October 2008. The results show that A. valida population was largely composed of juveniles and reached a peak abundance (12.02 × 10 3 ind./m2 ) in March, but sharply shrunk in July. The monthly variation pattern of A. valida seemed to follow that of Ulva lactuca which is the main food resource for A. valida, indicating a strong influence of food availability on A. valida population dynamics. Life cycle studies in laboratory indicate that A. valida adopted an r-selected life strategy, e.g., rapid growth rate (0.216-0.302 mm/d), consecutive breeding (4-10 times), short reproductive rhythm (9-17 d) and huge fecundity (24-192 eggs or 6-94 juveniles per brood), which contributed to the fast population growth of A. valida from January to March. Although temperature may also be a significant cause, A. valida could grow quickly and show normal reproductive traits (i.e., the timing of sexual differentiation or maturity, the reproductive rhythm, the number of broods all through its lifespan and offspring production) in temperature between 15-30 C. Therefore, the temperature variation in the lagoon water should not account for the sharp variation of A. valida population by affecting the survival, growth and reproduction of the amphipod. However, negative correlation between water temperature and U. lactuca biomass in the lagoon suggested that temperature could have indirectly affected the population dynamics of A. valida by affecting its food availability. The authors conclude that, in the Yundang Lagoon, the population dynamics of A. valida was mainly controlled by the food availability rather than water temperature.     

江苏-山东沿岸大型绿藻微观繁殖体时空分布特征研究

为研究暴发浒苔绿潮的黄海近岸水体中大型绿藻微观繁殖体时空分布和种群演替,以及绿潮对海域繁殖体群落结构的影响,本研究在江苏-山东沿岸设置4个站位,开展周年取样调查研究。通过室内培养和分子检测结合的方法,共鉴定出6种大型绿藻:缘管浒苔(Ulva linza)、浒苔(U. prolifera)、扁浒苔(U. compressa)、孔石莼(U. pertusa)、未命名种(Ulva sp.)和盘苔(Blidingia sp.)。定量研究结果表明,各站位微观繁殖体丰度和种类组成具有明显时空变化特征,苏北浅滩与青岛近岸周年绿藻微观繁殖体丰度明显高于连云港燕尾港和日照岚山港站位;各站位丰度呈双峰型波动,春季到初夏达最高,秋季为次高峰,其他季节丰度较低。群落结构组成研究表明,苏北浅滩周年存在较高丰度的浒苔微观繁殖体(平均为77株/L),其中造成黄海大规模绿潮的"漂浮生态型"浒苔占绝对优势,年均占浒苔微观繁殖体总数的75.7%;青岛近岸微观繁殖体种类组成波动显著,在夏季大规模浒苔绿潮到达时,优势种从缘管浒苔转变成浒苔,其中,"漂浮生态型"浒苔微观繁殖体数量急剧上升,并在绿潮消退时快速消失。对比研究显示,...     

2018年南黄海浒苔绿潮发展规律及氮组分的作用探究

根据2018年南黄海漂浮态浒苔(Ulva prolifera)绿潮规模卫星监测数据以及春、夏季(4月和7月,绿潮前后)水文环境要素和氮营养盐等数据,对2018年绿潮发展规律及不同氮组分在其中的作用进行分析。结果表明:浒苔于4月25日在江苏南通近海首次发现,随后其向北漂移增殖扩展在6月29日达到最大规模,8月中旬消失。绿潮漂移区域集中在122°E以西近海并呈现两个明显的发展阶段:35°N以南江苏近海绿潮快速增殖阶段和35°N以北山东半岛外海域绿潮聚积衰退阶段。各氮营养盐组分受径流输入、冷水团以及生物活动等因素影响,呈现明显的区域和季节特征。不同绿潮阶段受氮营养盐影响不同,绿潮快速增殖阶段,丰富的氮营养盐(总溶解氮(TDN)>20μmol/L和溶解无机氮(DIN)>20μmol/L)是浒苔藻快速繁殖生长的物质基础,此阶段为整个绿潮发展提供了主要的氮支撑且以DIN为主要形态。绿潮聚积衰退阶段,较低的可利用氮(DIN<2μmol/L和尿素(urea-N)<1.5μmol/L)不利于浒苔藻持续繁殖生长,此阶段内有机氮(如urea-N)在绿潮后期的氮支撑中起到重要作用。     

基于哨兵2号卫星遥感影像的2018年苏北浅滩漂浮绿藻时空分布特征研究

黄海浒苔绿潮自2007年以来连年暴发,但对漂浮绿藻在其源地—苏北浅滩的分布、发生和发展过程仍缺乏精细刻画。本文主要采用哨兵2号卫星遥感影像,对2018年苏北浅滩的漂浮绿藻信息进行提取,结合地形、微波+红外融合海表温度和CCMP海面风场数据,分析了影响漂浮绿藻时空分布的重要环境因子。结果表明：漂浮绿藻于5月23日在苏北浅滩南部首次通过遥感影像被探测到,在6月逐渐向北发展扩大,在7月中旬消失。漂浮绿藻最早可追溯至浅滩中心紫菜养殖筏架区边缘,而后沿潮沟形成宽度为10～200 m、断续绵延数十千米的条带。在黄海绿潮发展过程中,浅滩持续向北及外海输送漂浮绿藻。在浅滩以北,漂浮绿藻的分布和漂移与海面风向一致。本研究结果可为黄海绿潮的早期预警和防控提供依据。     

抗生素对浒苔形态及共附生细菌多样性的影响

本文研究了3种抗生素联合处理黄海绿潮浒苔(Ulva prolifera)形态及共附生细菌多样性的影响。将浒苔放散的配子加入到含有3种广谱抗生素(青霉素G、硫酸新霉素、多黏菌素B)的培养液中进行培养, 与对照组相比, 发现浒苔幼苗生长速度缓慢, 且细胞变小, 藻体无法形成正常形态。进一步采用16S rDNA高通量测序分析抗生素处理藻体前后的共附生细菌多样性, 发现抗生素处理后浒苔共附生细菌丰富度和多样性降低, 其中Maribacter丰度降低。将藻体与形态发生化合物thallusin(Maribacter spp. 提取物)共培养, 发现thallusin可促进藻体形态恢复和生长, 推测抗生素可通过抑制Maribacter等细菌从而影响浒苔形态和生长, 这将为浒苔共附生细菌功能的深入研究奠定一定基础。