黑龙江双鸭山地区白钨矿勘查开发的思考

双鸭山铁矿早已被开发利用,而钨矿却被忽略。文章通过对该成矿区典型矿床的地质特征,矿物学特征研究认为,铁矿、钨矿往往处于同一成矿区段,相伴产出,因此在该地区应加强钨矿的勘查力度。在矿床开发方面应统一布局,合理开发利用,达到资源利用最大化。     

大荔县洛河水化学成分的形成机制分析

在分析研究区地质及水文地质条件的基础上,根据对各类水样资料的研究,发现在洛河下游,对于相对惰性的组分,河水的化学成分由河水与地下水混合形成,并且从水化学的角度验证了在该区段补给河水的那部分地下水主要来自洛河以南的地下水;但对于易发生化学反应的组分,河水在向下游运动的过程中,其化学成分明显受到了化学反应的影响。论文使用Cl^-质量平衡方法,计算出洛河上游河水中地下水的补给比例在20～30％左右,下游地下水补给比例约占70％左右;并且根据研究区的具体条件及矿物饱和指数的计算结果,确定了石膏、方解石的溶解和白云石的沉淀以及碳酸平衡是河水化学成分形成的主要化学作用,通过对化学反应量的计算,恢复了河水与地下水仅发生了简单混合作用的混合水的成分。     

Valency Study of Vanadium in Stone Coal Ash of Jiangxi Province

Vanadium-bearing stone coal is a new vanadium resource;recovery ofV_2O_5 from the coal has been investigated.It has been found that a satisfactoryextraction of V_2O_5 depends on both the oxidation of V and its reaction with so-dium salt.V in the coal ash of Yushan mainly exists in two oxidation states:98％V(Ⅲ)and2％V(Ⅳ).The distribution of valency of V shows that organicmatter determines V valency at low temperatures,at about470℃,V(Ⅲ)iscompletely oxidized to V(Ⅳ);above500℃,the temperature is the most impor-tant factor for the oxidation of V .At higher temperatures no more V is oxidizedto V(Ⅴ);an equilibrium is established after92％of V is oxidized to V(Ⅴ).The roles of NaCl in the recovery of V_2O_5 from the coal ash were discussed.The best conditions for roasting are temperature750-800℃for1 h.underthe oxidation-chlorination atmosphere.When the ore:NaCl=100:10 by weight,η_roast reaches85.5％.According to the results,a flowsheet for V_2O_5 extrac-tion from coal ash has been proposed.     

利用重磁资料研究深部构造与金矿成矿关系

本文探讨了在山西省利用区域重磁资料研究深部构造与金矿成矿的关系及成矿环境的有利标志。研究结果表明，山西省的区域重、磁场以北东、北北东向为特点，中太古界为主要磁源层。根据磁场特征．用统计方法可将前寒武纪构造分为若干隆起和断陷，它们对金矿成矿起到了一定控制作用。另外，利用区域重力资料计算了山西省莫霍面深度，结果表明，莫霍面由东南向北西逐渐变深，莫霍面和岩石圈的结构控制了不同类型岩浆岩的展布，为选择金矿成矿有利地区提供了依据。并提出叠加型异常是重要的找矿靶区。     

断层参数对承压水体上采煤的影响分析

根据流固耦合理论,采用有限元数值模拟的方法,针对承压水体上采煤过程中断层参数(断距、倾角)对煤层、围岩的应力、变形和水压力变化的影响进行了模拟分析,探讨了存在断层时突水的机理和可能的突水点位置,并定量分析了防水煤柱的预留距离。得出以下结论:(1)当存在正断层时,多发生断层破坏型突水,而底板破坏型突水发生的几率较小;(2)突水性质和突水发生位置受断层断距和倾角的影响不大,煤层和采煤工作面附近的底板围岩都可能成为突水涌出点;(3)随着断层断距和倾角的增加,防水煤柱的合理留设距离应随之增大。以上结果可为实际矿井采煤防突水设计提供参考。 更多还原     

水平推力桩在大位移情况下m值的确定

根据《港口工程桩基规范局部修订》关于m法的新解释,结合某码头2根大直径钢管嵌岩桩的试桩资料总结了m值与泥面处位移 的指数关系以及m值对桩受力特性的影响,发现规范建议的m值难以适应大位移情况下的取值要求。建议通过收集大量有关大位移情况下的试桩资料,根据m值和泥面处位移 的指数关系,统计分析出在各种土质条件下相应于某一大位移时m值的取值范围,为工程设计提供依据。     

海南岛后地台造山-造盆模型:火成岩地球化学制约

海南岛自海西运动晚幕之后进入后地台活化或地洼阶段，并经历了晚海西-印支期挤压（碰撞）造山、地壳隆起和燕山期以来的块断型造山-造盆作用的过程。火成岩研究资料表明，海南岛地区在晚海西-印支运动期间曾形成一个具有加厚陆壳的后地台造山带；燕山晚期开始出现的裂陷作用是在仍有山根（约60km厚的陆壳）存在的条件下造山带拉伸塌陷阶段的产物；岩石圈底层剥离与地壳山根的去除并最终导致了海南及其邻区从大陆型壳体向陆缘扩张带型壳体的转化。     

塔里木盆地西部古岩盐地质地球化学特征与成钾条件分析

塔里木盆地是我国重要的成盐盆地,为我国最有远景的找古钾矿地区之一。本文通过多年野外实地调查和大量岩盐样品的化学分析,特别是岩盐中可以指示沉积阶段的Br×103/Cl系数等区域分布特征,联系前人研究资料,分别从构造环境、地层和岩相古地理、地球化学特征等方面进行了成钾条件分析。结果表明,莎车盆地西部喀什坳陷和库车盆地中部拜城坳陷宏观地质特征均有利于钾盐沉积;岩盐地球化学组成相对于正常海相沉积表现出明显的贫Br特征,属海陆交互相或海源陆相沉积。相比之下,莎车盆地的喀什次级坳陷是目前最有前景的找钾远景区。     

广东省藤铁铁矿成矿地质特征

藤铁铁矿位于鱼鹿岩枝东接触带中段,该矿体为铁、铜、锡共(伴)生矿床.受断裂带、岩体侵入接触带、夕卡岩带和鱼鹿岩枝控制.据此总结出该区"三带一体"的成矿特征.     

Analysis and simulation of magma mixing processes in 3D

Magma mixing structures from the lava flow of Lesbos (Greece) are analyzed in three dimensions using a technique that, starting from the serial sections of rock cubes, allows the reconstruction of the spatial distribution of magmas inside rocks. Two main kinds of coexisting structures are observed: (i) “active regions” (AR) in which magmas mix intimately generating wide contact surfaces and (ii) “coherent regions” (CR) of more mafic magma that have a globular shape and do not show large deformations. The intensity of mingling is quantified by calculating both the interfacial area (IA) between interacting magmas and the fractal dimension of the reconstructed structures. Results show that the fractal dimension is linearly correlated with the logarithm of interfacial area allowing discrimination among different intensities of mingling.

The process of mingling of magmas is simulated using a three-dimensional chaotic dynamical system consisting of stretching and folding processes. The intensity of mingling is measured by calculating the interfacial area between interacting magmas and the fractal dimension, as for natural magma mixing structures. Results suggest that, as in the natural case, the fractal dimension is linearly correlated with the logarithm of the interfacial area allowing to conclude that magma mixing can be regarded as a chaotic process.

Since chemical exchange and physical dispersion of one magma inside another by stretching and folding are closely related, we performed coupled numerical simulations of chaotic advection and chemical diffusion in three dimensions. Our analysis reveals the occurrence in the same system of “active mixing regions” and “coherent regions” analogous to those observed in nature. We will show that the dynamic processes are able to generate magmas with wide spatial heterogeneity related to the occurrence of magmatic enclaves inside host rocks in both plutonic and volcanic environments.