四川省自动与人工气压观测值差异对比

应用四川省135个台站在自动站与人工站平行观测期间的对比观测数据,对两种不同的资料进行了对比分析。结果表明:自动站与人工站的日气压差值不满足正态分布,人工观测比自动观测平均偏高0.35 hPa,标准差为0.48 hPa。自动站与人工站的相关性较好,相关系数为0.99,大约3/4的对比观测台站的人工站气压观测值大于自动站气压观测值。自动站与人工站气压观测值的月平均差异在上半年逐步增大,6月达到最大,下半年开始逐步减小。2004年的自动与人工气压观测数据年平均值差异最小,2006年数据据差异最大。     

广州自动气象观测站要素统计查询系统

广州市气象自动站要素统计查询系统针对广州地区自动站和本地业务进行设计，它以简单、直观的操作使预报员在日常天气监测预报业务中能简单、快捷、灵活地浏览和监测广州各站自动站的数据，及时开展如预警信号的发布等业务。     

DETERMINATION OF AERODYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF CROP CANOPIES WITH A CENTER-OF-PRESSURE METHOD

Using data on leaf area density and wind profiles above and within canopies of wheat,rice,soybean and corn,thecenter-of-pressure method (CPM),originally proposed by Thom (1971),is first validated in the field.Aphysically-based model for directly calculating zero-displacement height (d) is derived.The comparison between thefriction velocity (u_*) estimated with CPM and that with eddy correlation technique shows that CPM not only works wellin the field,but also produces more steady and accurate estimates of aerodynamic parameters (which are hardly affectedby atmospheric thermal stability),than those with the widely-used log-profile fitting method in diabatic atmosphere.The results presented in this paper also demonstrate that the ratios of d,z_0 to crop height h usually vary with canopy ar-chitecture,atmospheric stratification and turbulent exchange intensity,and are not just constants as commonly assumedor used.d/h raises with an increase of relative height of the maximum foliage layer and wind extinction coefficientwithin the canopy.Only for crops with short stem and moderate foliage density,can the relations d= 0.64h,z_0=0.08hkeep stable.In addition,for long stem crops or sparse canopies,the fairly large shear stress at the soil surface and the va-riation of the exponent in the relationship between drag coefficient and wind speed undoubtedly influence the accuracyof CPM to a certain extent.     

邢台地电台的地电阻率异常研究

研究1973年7月至1992年6月邢台地电台的ρ_2月均值,具有总趋势一道为上升,三道为下降,似年周期明显的正弦形正相年变规律。有趣的是上升或下降加速的时段,伴随年变幅度增大或减小时,往往与距台站400 km左右发生的7级以上地震,或220 km内发生的5级以上地震有关。本文用差值法定量地消除年变以后,对出现的异常进行研究讨论,认为该台反映220 km内5级以上地震的效果是好的.     

广东省台网震级ML的台站校正值

利用广东省地震台网多年的观测资料,选取了481个地震的数据计算了19个台站的M_L震级校正值。初步的结果表明,震级校正值受震中距、震级等因素影响较小,可以满足实际工作要求。     

易县地震台体应变受降雨干扰的异常变化

总结了3次降雨对于易县台站的体积应变观测的干扰。以降雨量为因变量计算出的干扰系数并不恒定,但是井水水位对于体积应变的干扰量却是一个定值。这对于降雨干扰的排除,有效识别应变观测资料中的短临前兆是有利的。     

昌平地震台体应变资料分析

简要介绍了昌平地震台概况,用相关分析、信息合成等方法,对体应变仪1989年7月至2001年的资料进行了处理,发现对发生在距昌平地震台300～500km范围内、震级5级以上的地震,体应变资料趋势异常明显,异常时间与震级相关性较好,地震多发生在信息合成值变化较大的时段。昌平地震台体积式应变仪观测到的同震效应多以张性阶跃为主。     

怀来地震台体应变异常与特征分析

介绍了怀来台体应变仪器概况,据原始观测资料异常图形,讨论了怀来体应变资料在震前出现的异常特征和映震效果。     

2005年北极冰川首期GPS监测

2005年7月至8月,中国北极黄河站第二次科学考察期间,科考队员针对黄河站附近首次队踏勘选定的两条典型冰川(AustreLov啨nbreen和Pedersenbreen),开展了以监测冰川物质平衡和冰川运动为主要内容的研究课题。本文分析了利用差分GPS进行北极冰川运动监测的可行性和优越性;初步处理了首期GPS监测的数据,并进行了精度分析,得出了较为满意的结果;针对北极冰川特殊的地理环境,探讨了在北极冰川上进行GPS测量应该注意的问题。     

A new combined European permanent network station coordinates solution

The EUREF [International Association of Geodesy (IAG) Reference Frame Sub-Commission for Europe] network of continuously operating GPS stations (EPN) was primarily established for reference frame maintenance, and also plays an important role for geodynamical research in Europe. The main objective of this paper is to obtain an independent homogeneous time series of the EPN station coordinates, which is also available in SINEX format. A new combined solution of the EPN station coordinates was computed. The combination was performed independently for every week, in three steps: (1) the stated constraints on the coordinates were removed from the individual solutions of the Analysis Centers; (2) the de-constrained solutions were aligned to ITRF2000; (3) the resulting solutions were combined using the Helmert blocking technique. All the data from GPS weeks 900 to 1302 (April 1997–December 2004) were used. We investigated in detail the behavior of the transformation parameters aligning the new combined solution to ITRF2000. In general, the time series of the transformation parameters show a good stability in time although small systematic effects can be seen, most likely caused by station instabilities. A comparison of the new combined solution to the official EUREF weekly combined solution is also presented.