A speckle noise suppression method based on surface waves investigation and monitoring data

The internal energy distribution of waves can be described using ocean-wave spectra. In many ways, obtaining wave spectra on a global scale is critical. Surface waves investigation and monitoring onboard the Chinese-French oceanography satellite is the first space-borne instrument for detecting wave spectra specially, which was launched on October 29, 2018. It can avoid the shortage of synthetic aperture radar detection results while still having some problems, especially with the effects of spe...     

基于局部标准差的遥感图像噪声评估方法研究

局部均值与局部标准差法是目前应用最广泛的遥感图像噪声评估方法之一。该方法利用了局部均值与局部标准差的概念,对含有加性噪声的遥感图像进行噪声评估。但该方法受地物覆盖类型影响很大,当遥感图像中地物覆盖复杂时,会得到异常的噪声估算结果。产生这一现象的主要原因是遥感图像中包含边缘和纹理的不均匀子块。为降低地物覆盖复杂性对算法的影响,本文提出了基于边缘块剔出的局部均值与局部标准差法和基于高斯波形提取的局部均值与局部标准差法,前一种方法是削弱图像中包含边缘的不均匀子块的影响,后一种方法是提取反映均匀子块数量特征的高斯波形。利用同一次航空试验中获取的两幅AVIRIS辐射图像对改进后的算法进行了检验,结果表明改进后算法的健壮性明显提高,且噪声估算结果更准确。     

海流剖面仪信号处理系统中最小二乘改进算法的应用研究

ADCP技术是海洋测流领域的热门技术,而频谱估计方法的研究是该技术的核心。文章介绍一种最小二乘的改进算法(ELMS),利用该算法可以很好的提取出淹没在白噪声下的正弦频谱。和传统的快速傅立叶变换方法(FFT)相比,该算法极大的压缩了数据量的要求,而且在信噪比为0DB的时候,仍能够较准确的估计出信号的谱峰位置。实验结果辩明该算法具有良好的鲁棒性。     

Measurements of the wall pressure spectra on a full-scale experimental towed array

Turbulent wall pressure data acquired during tests of a full-scale experimental towed array over a range of tow speeds in straight tows and turns is presented. The experimental towed array contained a linear array of sensors mounted at the fluid–solid interface to measure the spectra of the wall pressure fluctuations due to the cylindrical turbulent boundary layer. The physics are dominated by the growth of a thick, high Reynolds number turbulent boundary layer at arc length Reynolds numbers as high as 9×10⁸. The measured wavenumber-frequency spectra, autospectra, cross-spectral decay and convection velocities are presented. A well-defined convective ridge exists in the wavenumber-frequency spectra obtained during straight tows and turns. Turns give rise to a complicated fluid–structure interaction problem, but do not lead to the separation of the turbulent boundary layer. As the array moves through a turn, flow-induced vibrations of the array are shown to dominate the spectra at low frequencies, with more rapid decay in the measured coherence occurring at higher frequencies. The use of tow speed as a velocity scale is shown to collapse autospectra and convection velocities.     

被动源面波和体波成像在内蒙古浅覆盖区勘探应用

地震勘探具有勘探深度和分辨率的优势,在矿产勘探中多被采用.但主动源反射地震具有成本高、在矿区采集困难等难题,限制了其广泛应用.无需主动源激发、利用天然噪声的被动源地震应用于勘探,可成为其低成本替代选项.本文在内蒙古浅覆盖区矿区进行了被动源勘探试验,采用相关计算获得拟炮集记录,并基于频率域信噪比计算,在生成拟炮集前实现了...     

WRF与MM5对2007年3月初强冷空气数值预报结果的对比分析

本文应用MM5模式和WRF模式,对2007年3月3～4日发生在中国渤黄海海域的强冷空气和黄海气旋发生过程的数值预报结果进行了比较分析。该过程产生的大风引发了我国渤黄海沿岸部分地区38年不遇的特大温带风暴潮。分析结果表明,WRF模式和MM5模式都成功地预报了这次强冷空气和黄海气旋共同作用产生的大风过程,与MM5模式对比,WRF模式更好地预报了引起这次大风过程的主要天气系统的位置和移动路径。     

Crustal velocity,density structure,and seismogenic environment in the southern segment of the North-South Seismic Belt,China

The southern segment of the North-South Seismic Belt in China is a critical region for earthquake preparedness and risk reduction efforts. However, limited by the low density of seismic stations and the use of single-parameter physical structural models, the deep tectonic features and seismogenic environment in this area remain controversial. Thus, a comprehensive analysis based on high-resolution crustal structures and multiple physical parameters is required. In this study, we applied the ambient noise tomography method to obtain the three-dimensional (3D) crustal S-wave velocity structure using continuous waveform data from 112 permanent stations and 350 densely distributed temporary stations in the southern segment of the North-South Seismic Belt. Then, we obtained the high-resolution 3D density structure through wavenumber-domain 3D gravity imaging constrained by the velocity structure. The low-velocity and low-density anomalies in the upper crust of the study area were mainly distributed in the Sichuan Basin and around Dali and Simao, while the high-velocity and high-density anomalies were primarily distributed in the Panxi region, corresponding to the surface geological features. Two prominent low-velocity and low-density anomalies were observed in the middle and lower crust: one to the west of the Songpan-Garzê block and Sichuan-Yunnan diamond-shaped block, and the other near the Anninghe-Xiaojiang fault. Combined with the spatial distribution of seismic events in the study area, we found that previous earthquakes predominantly occurred in the transition zones between high and low anomaly regions and in the low-velocity and low-density zones in the upper crust. In contrast, moderate-to-strong earthquakes mainly occurred within the transition zones between high and low anomaly regions and close to the high-velocity and high-density regions, often with low-velocity and low-density layers below their hypocenters. Fluids play a critical role in the seismogenic process by reducing fault strength and destabilizing the stress state, which may be a triggering factor for earthquakes in the study area. Additionally, the upwelling of molten materials from the mantle may lead to energy accumulation and stress concentration, providing an important seismogenic background for moderate-to-strong earthquakes in this area.     

新疆3次6级强震前的短期前兆异常

分析了新疆3次6级强震前的短期前兆异常动态演化图像特征。这3次地震前兆异常的共性是地震前半年都出现了不同程度的短期前兆异常变化,且在震前2个月,短期异常均超过8项。但是3次6级强震发生前前半年的短期前兆异常变化不一致,有向震中迁移的,有包围震中的,还有前兆异常逐渐减少的。这些前兆异常现象同通常认为的越临近地震前兆异常数目越多是不一致的。     

利用双多普勒雷达研究强飑线过程的三维风场结构

山东齐河CINRAD/SA和滨州CINRAD/SC雷达相距125.5km,组成了双多普勒雷达观测网,利用2004年6月21—22日的一次强飑线过程的多普勒天气雷达探测资料,分析了双雷达观测资料的质量控制结果,并根据双多普勒雷达反演的三维风场研究了飑线的三维结构。结果表明,两部雷达探测的回波在水平位置上有2.0km的差别,回波强度滨州雷达低5.2dBz,回波结构也有一定的差别,径向速度在可比较的区域一致性很好。飑线不同位置的水平风场结构有很大不同,在飑线北端,低层是气旋性辐合风场,飑线南端是反气旋性辐合风场,而中部沿强对流窄带的前部是偏西和东南风的风场辐合。中高层云中风逐渐转为西北风,强对流回波带上空对应辐散风场;垂直于强对流带方向的风场垂直结构表明:成熟阶段,强对流窄带前部的低层是入流气流,即东风气流,它与对流带后部的西风相遇后向上倾斜上升,在中高层向前流出形成飑前砧状云。减弱阶段,低层的西风分量增强并向前穿过强对流回波带,导致前面的入流气流风速减弱、下边界抬高,这一垂直风场结构和演变特征与美国中纬度飑线的结构基本一致。     

伽师强震群与加兹里强震群对比研究

对比研究了新疆伽师强震群与乌兹别克斯坦加兹里强震群,发现两者不但在分段上极为相似,而且随时间的发展在能量释放的分配形式上也极为相似,且余震都呈共轭分布,主要地震迁移呈多侧扩展型,强震群序列中各次主要地震的发生表现出一定的的继承性特征,强震前中小地震出现平静。从频度及强度上看,两次强震群第一组强震发生后余震频度及强度较低,第二组强震发生后余震频度及强度较高,第三组强震发生后余震频度及强度最高。