西部县域旅游经济发展的路径选择研究——从“丽江模式”到“腾冲现象”

通过回顾腾冲和丽江旅游产业发展的历程,对“丽江模式”和“腾冲现象”的核心内容予以剖析.在此基础上,分别从资源特征、市场定位、政府职能建设和旅游产业发展取向4个方面对两地旅游经济发展方式予以比较.认为解决资金瓶颈的制约、发挥好政府的引导功能和准确的市场定位策略是“丽江模式”和“腾冲现象”成功的经验所在.研究对于解决西部旅游资源富集的经济欠发达地区的旅游资源开发、政府职能建设、旅游产业改革等问题具有一定的参考和借鉴价值.     

日本俯冲带地震发生过程的数值模拟研究

了解地震发生的动力学机制是研究地震发震原因的关键,而数值模拟的方法是高速、有效的手段.2011年3月11日日本东北部宫城县发生9.0级大地震,文中以该次大地震所在的日本俯冲带为研究对象,通过使用黏弹性有限元数值模拟,并引用接触对,建立了研究区二维数值模型,模拟俯冲带与上覆板片之间的滑动、黏滞到再滑动的过程,亦即断层失稳发生地震的过程.模拟结果显示,随着太平洋板块不断俯冲,在俯冲带上自发出现了断层闭锁、解锁到再闭锁的黏滑过程,且这种过程呈现一定的准周期性,大事件主要集中分布在20~30 km的深度范围内.根据俯冲带可能在俯冲过程中角度的变化,建立了不同的模型,进行模拟对比研究,结果表明,俯冲带的几何形态,以及俯冲角度变化所在的不同深度,对模拟的结果有不同的影响.     

岷县漳县6.6级地震后申都乡地窖宏观异常现象及其机理探讨

2013年7月22日甘肃岷县漳县M_s6.6地震后岷县申都乡某地窖出现冒白色烟雾的宏观异常现象。本文通过土壤气Rn、Hg现场检测和采样后气相色谱检测、生物显微镜观察结果,探讨了气体来源、赋存和运移机理以及异常形成的物理化学机制。认为该点具有灵敏的断层活动响应,可作为今后开展断层活动及未来甘东南地震趋势预测判定的断层土壤气监测点进行长期监测。     

四川夏塞银铅锌多金属矿床1号矿体原生晕地球化学特征

四川夏塞银铅锌多金属矿床位于西南"三江"义敦岛弧构造带中段,是与绒伊措岩体密切相关的浅成中低温热液型银铅锌矿床。对夏塞矿区1号矿体9个中段采样分析,通过数理统计分析、分带序列研究、地球化学参数计算、建立剥蚀模型等方法,系统详细地研究了矿体原生晕地球化学特征。研究表明:(1)1号矿体原生晕找矿的主要指示元素:Ag、Pb、Zn、Cu、Sb、Hg、Cd、Sn,次要指示元素:Bi、W、B、As、Au、Mn;(2)原生晕轴向分带序列为:Hg-Pb-Bi-Sn-Cd-Zn-Cu-As-Ag-W-Au-Sb-Ba-V-Mo-Mn,出现"反分带"现象;(3)成矿过程存在多次叠加,轴向地球化学参数变化曲折,出现多次转折,反应成矿过程复杂。综合各项特征,推测1号矿体深部可能有盲矿存在。     

Turbulent kinetic energy and sediment resuspension due to wave groups

Wave-induced sediment resuspension in nearshore regions has been observed occurring in an event-like manner and associated with the passage of wave groups. This paper describes field measurements of turbulent velocities obtained simultaneously with suspended sediment concentration and water surface elevation from Floreat Beach, Perth, Western Australia. The data were used to study the relationship between turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) on suspension events caused by wave groups and the intermittent nature of bottom turbulence production and sediment suspension. The field measurements showed the high TKE events occurred under wave crests, and sometimes under wave toughs, when the wave heights were increasing during the passage of a wave group; the TKE decreased after the maximum wave in the wave group had passed over the measurement location. High suspended sediment concentrations (ssc) and the intermittent high TKE events were not related rather the higher ssc events were associated with a secondary peak in the surface elevation, close to the maxima in the offshore velocity, and “burst” events in the Reynolds stress.     

Numerical experiments for the conductive properties of saturated rock

The reservoir evaluation as a key technology in oil exploration and production is based on the electrical transport property (ETP) of saturated rock that is described in a mathematical form with Arhcie’s equa-tion. But there have been increasing cases observed in many researches indicating that the ETP is non-Archie especially for the complex reservoir with low porosity and permeability. In this paper,the numerical experiments based on the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) have been employed to study the effect of porous structure and fluids on the ETP for revealing the nature of non-Archie phenomenon in micro-scale. The results of numerical experiments have proved that the saturation exponent n is a function of water saturation and porosity instead of being a constant in Archie’s equation. And then,a new formula has been developed for the EPT through combining the result of numerical simulation with that of laboratory measurements. The calculations from the new formula show very good agreement with laboratory measurements to demonstrate the efficiency of the new formula over the conventional methods in non-Archie rock.     

Variational iteration solving method for El Nino phenomenon atmospheric physics of nonlinear model

A class of El Nino atmospheric physics oscillation model is considered. The El Nino atmospheric physics oscillation is an abnormal phenomenon involved in the tropical Pacific ocean-atmosphere interactions. The conceptual oscillator model should consider the variations of both the eastern and westem Pacific anomaly patterns. An El Nino atmospheric physics model is proposed using a method for the variational iteration theory. Using the variational iteration method, the approximate expansions of the solution of corresponding problem are constructed. That is, firstly, introducing a set of functional and accounting their variationals, the Lagrange multiplicators are counted, and then the variational iteration is defined, finally, the approximate solution is obtained. From approximate expansions of the solution, the zonal sea surface temperature anomaly in the equatorial eastern Pacific and the thermocline depth anomaly of the seaair oscillation for El Nino atmospheric physics model can be analyzed. El Nino is a very complicated natural phenomenon. Hence basic models need to be reduced for the sea-air oscillator and are solved. The variational iteration is a simple and valid approximate method.     

黄土高原半干旱区异常能量闭合率特征分析

以兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站（简称SACOL站）4 a的陆面通量数据为基础,利用普通最小二乘法（OLS）和能量平衡比率（EBR）方法,对能量平衡的异常闭合特征及其与相对垂直湍强（RIw）的关系进行了研究,并进行了能量滞后分析。结果表明,能量过闭合和负闭合现象分别主要发生在白天和夜间,大小遵从正态分布;较大异常闭合产生的原因主要是日出日落时净辐射与地表热通量接近以及降水影响造成湍流通量出现异常大值。一般来说,垂直湍流运动越强,异常闭合越少,闭合度越向1收敛,反之亦然。强湍流或极弱湍流都不利于产生异常闭合,过闭合、负闭合的最适相对垂直湍强RIw约为0.11、0.14。另外,能量支出项的相对滞后也是造成包括负闭合在内的异常闭合的原因之一。剔除湍强较弱的点或将地表热通量G0、感热H、潜热LE相位相对净辐射Rn提前30 min后,异常闭合所占比重减少;月平均EBR法过闭合度降低,OLS法闭合度提高。     

川西盆地雾和能见度的气候特征及其对飞行的影响

利用川西盆地广汉机场气象台1986年1月~1995年12月共10 a地面观测资料,对广汉机场低能见度的生消时间、持续时间和能见度的年季节变化及其日变化做了统计分析,研究广汉机场全年能见度的飞行气候特征,特别是低能见度气候特征对飞行的影响。结果表明,能见度日变化特征表现为:白天早、晚时段能见度较低,午后能见度达到最高。能见度的季节变化特征表现为:冬(12,1,2月)、春季(3,4,5月)能见度较低,而夏(6,7,8月)、秋季(9,10,11月)能见度较高。冬季能见度的变化主要受辐射雾影响,夏季能见度的变化主要受降水的影响,随着降水强度的变化而变化,低能见度时间短暂。各标准低能见度逐时频率的日变化特征在各季基本相似,低能见度高频率区均出现在早晨到上午,低频率区均出现在下午。     

一种正射影像拉花现象的处理方法

在地形变化剧烈的正射影像中,受摄影时中心投影对影像获取的影响,数字微分纠正过程中部分成像信息不足的图像区域会出现被过度拉伸的现象,称之为拉花现象.基于此,深入分析了拉花现象的形成机理,提出了一种基于Z-Buffer的拉花区域检测方法.首先对拉花区域进行标记,再采用对向互补策略,基于相邻未拉花影像对该区域重新进行数字微分...