Chlorophyll biomass off Sanriku, northwestern Pacific, estimated by Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (OCTS) and a vertical distribution model

To estimate chlorophyll biomass from satellite-derived data, we established an empirical model for the estimation of the chlorophyll vertical profile as a function of surface chlorophyll for four separate regions of the Sanriku area, using algorithms based upon ship observations from 1986 to 1995. The modeled profiles compared well with observations during the Sanriku Field Campaign. Chlorophyll biomass in the Sanriku Area estimated by a combination of OCTS data and the model varied from 2.6×10⁴ t in the Oyashio water to 8.2×10³ t in the Kuroshio water.     

云南中甸地区晚白垩世斑岩型Mo-Cu矿床磷灰石、锆石裂变径迹年代学研究

云南中甸地区位于西南三江铜钼铅锌金多金属矿集区的南端,是一个独具特色的Cu-Mo多金属复合叠加成矿带.本文采用裂变径迹低温热年代学技术对区内晚白垩世铜厂沟、休瓦促、热林成矿斑岩体,进行了锆石、磷灰石裂变径迹分析测试,开展了晚白垩世以来的构造热史演化模拟,揭示了区内构造-岩浆成矿事件及热史演化过程.研究表明,锆石裂变径迹年龄值变化于52±2～96±5 Ma;磷灰石裂变径迹的年龄值变化于15±1～48±3 Ma,总体变化幅度不大,中心年龄与池年龄在误差范围也基本一致.通过锆石、磷灰石的裂变径迹分析,揭示出云南中甸地区自晚白垩世以来主要经历了三个阶段的构造热事件.第一阶段(96～60 Ma),主要为岩浆侵位后快速降温的热史演化阶段;第二阶段(52～39 Ma),为缓慢的降温作用过程;第三阶段(16～15 Ma),揭示了受中新世以来青藏高原隆升造山作用的影响,该区经历了快速降温的地质演化过程.综合锆石裂变径迹、磷灰石裂变径迹的热史反演结果,表明区内晚白垩世典型成矿斑岩体具有相似的隆升过程和剥蚀历史,并获得了剥蚀量与剥蚀速率的定量计算结果,为区内矿床的资源潜力评价及勘查工作提供了科学参考.     

上海砂性软土地层水平定向钻进泥浆性能调控技术

上海地区水平定向钻进铺管（HDD）钻遇不易成孔的砂性软土的概率甚高,这种地层对泥浆性能有特殊要求。但目前普遍使用的复配型增效商品土粉基调相近,难以就大量工程个案恰如其分地发挥关键功效。为此,论述了该类工程环境下泥浆性能设计要点,分析了材料添配的作用机理,重点给出了泥浆密度、粘度、切力以及失水量等参数调控的宜于实用的若干配材技术,以提供相类似工程条件下泥浆运用的可参考方法。     

进积型三角洲交汇区沉积模式--以东营凹陷沙三中亚段为例

作为碎屑岩储层发育的最主要沉积相类型之一,进积型三角洲在油气勘探领域具有举足轻重的地位;加强对进积型三角洲沉积模式的研究,对于油气储层预测具有重要现实意义。渤海湾盆地东营凹陷古近纪湖盆内发育的东营三角洲和永安三角洲在沙河街组三段中亚段沉积期发生了交汇,而有关两个三角洲的交汇方式、沉积特征及交汇区储层的预测尚未引起足够的重视。以岩芯观测、录井和地震资料为基础,分析了东营凹陷古近系沙三段中亚段三角洲交汇区沉积特征,探讨了沉积期次、交汇过程,建立了三角洲交汇区沉积模式。研究表明,东营凹陷沙河街组三段中亚段主要发育湖泊、进积型三角洲沉积;储集砂体主要形成于三角洲前缘水下分流河道,河口坝微相次之,浊积岩主要分布于深湖区。认为此前界定的东营三角洲的分布范围可能被夸大,而永安三角洲的沉积规模可能被低估。东营凹陷古近系沙三中亚段可划分为9个期次,其作用过程可分为局部交汇阶段和完全交汇阶段。三角洲水下交汇区是水流汇聚和沉积物卸载的有利场所,叠置砂体可成为有利的油气储层,因而具有重要的油气勘探价值。     

干旱区典型地物光谱数据库系统设计

本文在干旱区典型地物光谱和图像数据积累的基础上,以地物光谱数据,利用MS SQL Server数据库和SuperMap IS.NET平台,采用服务器/浏览器多层次架构体系进行集成,开发出基于Web的具有光谱信息管理、检索查询、可视化分析、光谱特征分析等功能的干旱区典型地物光谱数据库系统,并且能够实现无缝共享,易于维护,便于二次开发。     

电磁波SYT法在隐伏区寻找含金矿化 异常带中的应用

通常运用地质、地球物理以及钻探的方法来确定金属矿体的赋存状态,地球物理方法中常用的探测手段主要有地面伽玛能谱测量法、X射线荧光法、浅层地震、地电化学参数法和地电化学提取法等.SYT法接收反射回来的带有地下地质信息的电磁波,再经过特殊的数据处理而得到的反映地下地层物性特征的曲线和柱状,可以用来进行地质解释,运用该方法对山东牟平隐伏区的含金矿化异常带进行了探测研究,探测结果显示,在SYT法探测曲线中,含金矿化带有明显的异常特征,可以用来确定金属矿体的埋深和厚度.     

Study on the Temporal-Spatial Evolution of Prehistoric Settlements and Its Correlation with Subsistence Strategy and Climate History in the Western Liao River Area

Western Liao River area is one of the most important birthplaces of agricultural civilization in northern China. With recent works like relics survey, site excavation and environmental archaeology going further, the time sequence, cultural content and subsistence strategy history of this area are getting explicit. Questions like ancient exploiting history of natural resources, climate background and cultural impact of subsistence strategy have been paid great attention. Traditional environmental archaeology methods like plant and animal remains analysis are mostly utilized to conduct in-site investigation, current studies rarely adopt quantitative methods to examine the sites’ macro temporal-spatial distribution and aggregation pattern. Based on abundant digitized relic survey data, GIS methods like kernel density analysis are utilized to indicate the temporal-spatial distribution and aggregation pattern of prehistoric cultures in Western Liao River area. The latitudinal, longitudinal and altitudinal migrations of site distributional core are indicated by 3D perspective shift and elevation statistics. By referencing existing studies on subsistence strategy and paleoclimate history, results of spatial analysis are used to reveal the correlation among sites’ temporal-spatial distribution, subsistence strategy adopted and climate variation. This also contributes to our understanding and utilization of massive locational information of prehistoric sites in ancient man-land relationship study.     

西秦岭西部地区基于MAPGIS的金矿有利地段圈定

根据赵鹏大院士的"5P"找矿原理,先建立了圈定研究区找矿有利地段的空间预测模型,然后利用MAPGIS强大的空间分析功能对西秦岭西部地区金矿资源进行了定位预测,依次圈定出其"5P"找矿地段中的成矿可能地段、找矿可行地段和找矿有利地段.     

Characteristics of karst groundwater system in the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area

Guided by the theory of groundwater system, based on the groundwater level data from the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area, the authors took into account factors such as the lithology, geological structure and topography to study the relationship between groundwater recharge, runoff and drainage in this area. It was concluded that the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation is the main source of groundwater supply in this area; the upper layer of the Spring area is distributed with the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician karst water, and the lower layer is filled with the Jixian system karst water. The upper layer of karst water supplies to the lower layer of karst water or the pore water in loose strata through the fault while the lower layer of karst water runs to the three strong runoff belts from the east and west sides of the watershed, southwards into the basin, partially replenishing the pore water in loose strata, or forming fault Springs (e.g. Nanguan Spring, Beihai Spring) when dolomite movement encounters faults. Replenished by atmospheric precipitation and the upper and lower layers of karst waters, the pore water in loose strata joins the groundwater in the southern basin and then flows eastwards, in the end it flows out of the system in Shangfanpu. Through the analyses of groundwater level data and hydrogeological drilling data, based on groundwater D and 18O isotope test results, the karst groundwater circulation system in the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area is further verified, which provides hydrogeological basis for water resources development and utilization as well as protection in this area.     

水深对超大型FPSO波浪载荷响应影响试验研究

随着超大型浮式生产储卸油装置FPSO（floating production storing and offloading）在渤海浅水海域的广泛应用,水深对FP—SO波浪载荷响应的影响问题突现出来。对缩尺比为1：100的三模块分节模型进行了水深对超大型FPSO波浪载荷响应影响的试验研究,试验结果表明水深对FPSO波浪诱导载荷的影响很大。