基于植被指数的高光谱遥感水陆识别方法初探

提出了一种判别两类地物分类效果的依据——显著性度量,并采用植被指数的形式,给出了应用高光谱图像进行水陆识别的方法。以滩涂为例进行水陆识别实验,结果表明,基于显著性度量遴选得到的最佳植被指数类型及其最佳波段组合,适合于解决以高光谱图像为数据源的水陆识别问题。     

北京地区Pi2脉动和地磁AE指数的关系

分析了北京地区1998年1月1日至3月26日和4月24日至6月13日共136天记录的Pi2脉动事件特性,并与同时期亚暴AE指数进行了对比.结果发现,在北京地区越靠近日侧,观测到的Pi2脉动事件越少,幅度也越小.并不是每次亚暴都能激发空腔振荡模,亚暴强度的增加也并不代表空腔振荡模产生概率的增加.随着亚暴AE指数的增大,Pi2脉动的平均幅度基本上也在增大.但也有例外,可能是由于北京观测地点距离亚暴电流楔位置较远造成的.北京地区的Pi2脉动可以发生于亚暴的整个过程中,从AE指数开始增长期间（亚暴增长相）,一直到亚暴AE指数恢复正常（亚暴膨胀相后期）.某些亚暴没有对应着Pi2脉动事件,其AE指数从小于200nT一直到800nT以上.从观测数据来看,北京地区虽然纬度分区在低纬区域,但其Pi2脉动的特性与中纬Pi2特性更为靠近.所以不宜用北京地区Pi2来预报亚暴,以避免误报和漏报.     

结构震害指数研究评述

结构震害指数是评价某个结构或构件在受到地震作用后的破坏状态的无量纲指数,是人们在地震后对受损建筑做出处理决策的重要理论依据。对国际上较常用的震害指数计算模型进行了简要介绍和评述,分析了这些模型的优缺点,在此基础上提出震害指数今后研究的发展方向和建议。     

基于震情会商实时异常分类记录的综合异常指数研究

为进行异常特征或异常判据的定量分析,在多种预测手段(方法)的异常隶属度转换的基础上生成单项异常指数时间序列,再通过将多种预测手段(方法)单项异常指数时间序列逐时段累加取均值,得到综合异常指数时间序列,实现前兆信息的定量化。研究中根据新疆台站分布、历史地震及地震构造背景等,选定7个研究区进行应用研究。各研究区综合异常指数时间进程曲线分析表明,台站相对密集的北天山3个研究区综合异常指数在中等地震前出现较明显的短期异常,而台站相对稀疏的南天山地区几个研究区除柯坪块体的阿克苏-乌什-阿合奇地区的综合异常指数在巴楚-伽师6．8级地震前出现明显的短期异常外,其它地区综合异常指数时间进程曲线稳定性及异常对应效果较差。     

Developmental energetics of the southern pigfish (Teleostei: Congiopodidae)

The embryonic wet weight, dry weight, yolk volume, energy content, and oxygen consumption of the southern pigfish Congiopodus leucopaecilus (Richardson, 1846) were followed from fertilisation to yolk sac absorption, at 11.5°c and salinity of 34.5%6. Measurements of yolk energy and catabolic energy changes did not show any evidence of an energy deficit before the onset of feeding capability.     

Influence of Seawater on the Suction and Swelling Behavior of Clayey Soils

The present study examines the suction characteristics and swelling behavior of clayey soils when exposed to natural seawater with respect to distilled water. The effects of saline waters on the engineering behavior of soils need to be determined since the salinity of the pore fluid of soils near coastal areas increases continuously. Six clayey soil samples with different mineralogy and characteristics were gathered and tested to determine the suction and swelling characteristics in the presence of natural seawater and distilled water. The results show that the total suction values of the samples are higher in the presence of seawater than in distilled water. The samples with high swelling potential have lower matric suction values than nonswelling soils. Moreover, in contrast to swelling-type soils, the matric suction values of the nonswelling soils remain similar in the presence both distilled water and seawater. The modified free swell index (MFSI) of the samples is well correlated with the liquid limit (LL), plasticity index (PI), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) in distilled water. However, coefficients of determination decreased in the presence of seawater. Also, there is no significant correlation existing between total and matric suction values and the MFSI values of the samples.     

Evaluation of Liquefaction Potential Index Along Western Coast of South Korea Using SPT and CPT

For South Korea, liquefaction potential along the western coast has not been widely assessed because South Korea is considered to be a low seismic hazard. However, recent earthquake events and historical records indicate that the seismic hazard of South Korea should not be ignored. Moreover, as artificial fills are extensively used along the western coast for development, liquefaction evaluation of the soils in this area is necessary. In this paper, we present: (1) the seismic characteristics of the study area; (2) procedures for evaluating liquefaction potential, focusing on the liquefaction potential index (LPI) approach; and (3) LPI distributions at several representative locations along the western coast of South Korea under various seismic scenarios. The liquefaction potential index represents the liquefaction potential over the upper 20 m of a boring or sounding. Using cone penetration test (CPT) and standard penetration test (SPT) data from two coastal sites, we compare and discuss CPT-based and SPT-based LPI values, particularly values computed in nonplastic, silt-rich soils. In these soils, it appears that the CPT yields lower liquefaction resistance, resulting in large LPI values. Finally, discussion and suggestions are provided for CPT- and SPT-based liquefaction assessment of low plasticity and high fines content soils.     

黄河三角洲海参养殖池塘微型浮游植物多样性研究

采用相关性分析方法研究了温度、盐度、营养盐等环境因子对黄河三角洲海参养殖池塘微型浮游植物多样性的影响。结果表明,群落多样性指数H′值主要受营养盐特别是PO43-P、NH4+-N限制,温度、盐度对H′值影响不显著。丰富度指数d值受营养盐影响不显著。温度、盐度是d值的主要影响因素,在温度15—30℃、盐度22—32范围之内,d值随温度、盐度升高而降低。均匀度指数J值受营养盐影响不显著,但受温度、盐度影响作用较为明显,在温度15—30℃、盐度22—32范围之内,J值随着温度、盐度升高而升高。由于池塘内温度、盐度、营养盐波动较大,浮游植物群落并不稳定,多样性一直处于受干扰状态。     

Reproductive biology of horse mackerel Trachurus capensis and Trachurus trecae in Namibia and Angola

Harvest control measures for Namibia and Angola are defined using reference points for spawning biomass, which requires knowledge of spawning potential and dynamics of fishery stocks. The reproductive biology of two species of horse mackerel, Trachurus capensis and Trachurus trecae, in these waters was investigated for spawning distribution in time and space. Samples were collected during two scientific cruises conducted in February and July/August 2007 off the coast of Namibia and Angola. A total of 396 fish ovaries was examined to determine the spawning dynamics of the two species. The ovaries were histologically analysed and their oocyte distributions mapped. The length (TL)–weight relationships of the two species differed significantly. The observed development of oocyte recruitment and absence of a hiatus in the oocyte distribution indicated that these species are indeterminate spawners. Analyses of the data from the NatMIRC database (2001–2004) indicated annual changes in gonadosomatic index (GSI) for T. capensis at different latitudes, but these changes were small. GSI also fluctuated between years and areas, but there were no clear spatial or temporal trends, with averages ≤4.0% at all stations. The GSI of both species was not indicative of the histologically determined development of gonad maturity. Oocyte maturation for T. capensis indicated that smaller and younger fish spawn first. Batch fecundity (F) for T. trecae was best described by F = 4 986 TL (cm) – 99 645 (r ² = 0.83). This study provided the first analyses of oocyte development in time and space for the two species in the region.     

渤海强对流天气监测及概念模型初建

利用micaps系统个例库、秦皇岛雷达、天津雷达、FY-2E红外云图、海岛站、GPS闪电定位仪、探空及中尺度物理量场等资料,采用同步资料叠加分析方法,对2007-2011年4-10月出现渤海西岸区至海区强对流天气的25个例进行综合分析和对应关系的研究.初步得出:(1)强对流发生时三类天气尺度背景场条件下的高空与低层急流配置及K指数和SI指数对应值,渤海边界层辐合线与强对流天气落区对应关系;(2)同步卫星云图中尺度MCC象元动态特征及TBB值;(3)海区中β尺度单体及多单体风暴雷达反射率因子、回波顶高特征及阈值,回波顶高与雷电分布对应关系;(4)初步建立渤海强对流天气概念模型,归纳海区强对流预警指标.在2012年5-6月业务试验中效益显著,为渤海海洋强对流天气监测、精细化预报方法研究提供参考依据.