Sensitivity and areal differentiation of vegetation responses to hydrothermal dynamics on the northern and southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi province

The Qinling Mountains, located at the junction of warm temperate and subtropical zones, serve as the boundary between north and south China. Exploring the sensitivity of the response of vegetation there to hydrothermal dynamics elucidates the dynamics and mechanisms of the main vegetation types in the context of changes in temperature and moisture. Importance should be attached to changes in vegetation in different climate zones. To reveal the sensitivity and areal differentiation of vegetation responses to hydrothermal dynamics, the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of the normalized vegetation index(NDVI) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI) on the northern and southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains from 2000 to 2018 are explored using the meteorological data of 32 meteorological stations and the MODIS NDVI datasets. The results show that: 1) The overall vegetation coverage of the Qinling Mountains improved significantly from 2000 to 2018. The NDVI rise rate and area ratio on the southern slope were higher than those on the northern slope, and the vegetation on the southern slope improved more than that on the northern slope. The Qinling Mountains showed an insignificant humidification trend. The humidification rate and humidification area of the northern slope were greater than those on the southern slope. 2) Vegetation on the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains was more sensitive to hydrothermal dynamics than that on the southern slope. Vegetation was most sensitive to hydrothermal dynamics from March to June on the northern slope, and from March to May(spring) on the southern slope. The vegetation on the northern and southern slopes was mainly affected by hydrothermal dynamics on a scale of 3–7 months, responding weakly to hydrothermal dynamics on a scale of 11–12 months. 3) Some 90.34% of NDVI and SPEI was positively correlated in the Qinling Mountains. Spring humidification in most parts of the study area promoted the growth of vegetation all the year round. The sensitivity of vegetation responses to hydrothermal dynamics with increasing altitude increased first and then decreased. Elevations of 800 to 1200 m were the most sensitive range for vegetation response to hydrothermal dynamics. The sensitivity of the vegetation response at elevations of 1200–3000 m decreased with increasing altitude. As regards to vegetation type, grass was most sensitive to hydrothermal dynamics on both the northern and southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains; but most other vegetation types on the northern slope were more sensitive to hydrothermal dynamics than those on the southern slope.     

煎茶岭蛇纹岩氢氧同位素组成特征及形成机制

煎茶岭岩体为含镍金铁的镁质超基性岩体.在后期酸性岩浆的岩浆水热液向趋基性岩流动过程中,岩石矿物发生水化作用,引起蛇纹石化.蚀变蛇纹岩的δD、δ~(18)O值变化范围很大,δD=-69.5‰～-111.6‰.,δ~(18)O=+6.4‰～+9.95‰,明显不同于世界同炎岩石.研究表明岩体内存在水—岩体系同位素不平衡交换作用,交换程度在50%～80%,W/R比值范围0.6～1.6之间     

陕北奥陶纪盐盆厚层钾石盐高矿化段的发现及其找钾启示

位于陕北奥陶纪盐盆东二盐凹东部的钾盐科学勘查井——绥钾1井,揭示了奥陶系马家沟组马五6亚段厚度为118.17 m,其中岩盐厚度累计100.38 m。本次工作将该井马五6亚段划分为4个成盐韵律,并利用示钾微化反应和岩盐样品溴、氯、钾元素分析为主要分析手段对绥钾1井岩盐段的含钾性进行评价,结果表明:该井马五6亚段发育累计厚度达64.7 m的厚层钾石盐高矿化段,发育4套成盐韵律,含钾石盐分布在相对完整的韵律Ⅱ和韵律Ⅲ中大部分的褐红色和褐色石盐中,以韵律Ⅱ含钾性最好,石盐顶部的泥质夹层起到了保护作用;本井整体K+含量在0.08%~1.24%之间,一般在0.1%以上,平均为0.23%,局部井段钾含量接近边界工业品位;Br-含量在90×10-6~400×10-6之间,平均为242×10-6;Br-×103/Cl-(溴氯系数)在0.17~0.98之间,平均为0.45。溴值和溴氯系数绝大部分达到钾石盐-光卤石沉积阶段。利用绥钾1井和盐盆内其他地区9口盐探井的平均钾含量数据编制了陕北奥陶纪盐盆马五6亚段K+含量(%)变化趋势图,该图指示东南部的东二盐凹是研究区较有利的含钾盐凹。绥钾1井马五6亚段厚层钾石盐高矿化段的发现,不仅揭示了该盐盆巨大的找钾前景,也为今后钾盐勘查工作部署指明了方向。     

陕西铜厂铜金多金属矿床地质特征及成矿流体地球化学

铜厂铜-金多金属矿床是勉略阳成矿区中铜厂矿田的典型代表.在研究矿床地质特征的基础上.其成矿过程可划分为气成热液期和改造热液期.改造热液期可划分为黄铁矿-毒砂-方解石-石英阶段、多金属硫化物阶段及黄铁矿-碳酸盐-石英阶段。特别是产于闪长岩体中北东向的片理化带的Cu-Au-(Co)石英-碳酸盐矿体.金属矿化出现水平分带现象:从东到西大致依次出现Cu、Co-Cu(Au)、Cu、Au-Au矿化和构造地球化学异常:矿物发育4种类型的包裹体:液体包裹体、纯液体包裹体、气体包裹体、含液相CO_2多相包裹体,以前两者包裹体最为发育:中低温、中压、中等氧逸度和近中性的成矿流体条件有利于热液改造型矿床的形成:成矿流体来源于改造水和岩浆水及变质水.从改造热液期的早阶段到晚阶段.改造水越来越占优势.该矿床为中低温改造型热液矿床。     

陕甘宁盆地下奥陶统马家沟组层序地层与天然气的关系

陕甘宁盆地马家沟组可划分出３ 个层序,每个层序均由海侵体系域及高位体系域所组成,海平面变化是控制层序形成的主要因素。此外,盆地基底构造对层序地层的分布也具有重要的影响,在盆地中部发育浅水层序,在盆地西部及南部则发育较深水层序。在盆地中部浅水层序的高位体系域中,生储盖组合最佳,具有较好的勘探前景     

陕西镇安西口石炭系/二叠系界线剖面碳酸盐岩微相特征与沉积环境的研究

在陕西镇安西口从上石炭统逍遥阶和下杨家河阶到下二叠统上杨家河阶、范家河阶、垭口阶和隆林阶的地层剖面上,区分出10种碳酸盐岩微相类型,即含生物碎屑灰泥灰岩、生物碎屑粒泥灰岩、生物碎屑泥粒灰岩、粒泥灰岩—泥粒灰岩、粗枝藻粒泥灰岩—粗枝藻泥粒灰岩、腕足棘皮粒泥灰岩—腕足棘皮泥粒灰岩、生物碎屑颗粒灰岩、团块颗粒灰岩、核形石颗粒灰岩和含鲕粒团块颗粒灰岩。它们形成于开阔台地和台地边缘浅滩2种沉积环境,开阔台地又进一步分为较浅水的开阔台地浅滩和较深水的开阔台地滩间,台地边缘浅滩内则局部发育藻丘。在此基础上,识别出在晚石炭世逍遥期至早二叠世隆林期研究区发生过12次相对海平面波动,它们构成5次明显的相对海平面升降;最后讨论了三里冲剖面上各阶界线与海平面变化的关系。     

米仓山宝塔期碳酸盐岩海底峡谷的发现及其意义

在米仓山元坝子一带,野外调查和室内显微岩石学研究发现宝塔组下部存在一套与正常宝塔组多角形网纹状泥晶灰岩完全不同的紫红色生物碎屑灰岩。紫红色生物碎屑灰岩具有特征的外部形态和内部结构。横向上,它以透镜状形式与多角形网纹状泥晶灰岩呈明显的相变关系,宽为2—2.5km,厚29.3m;纵向上,暴露地表的部分长度达600m。该沉积体以发育多级别的、典型正粒序沉积韵律为特征,构成生物碎屑灰岩的主要为异地搬运来的生物碎屑,它们具有明显的重力流色彩,是一种浊积水道沉积,将其解释为碳酸盐岩海底峡谷。区域调查与沉积学、古生物学研究表明,研究区的海底峡谷发育于晚奥陶世卡拉道克中期,实测古水流方向指向为北西向,这与研究区总体处于浅外陆棚向深边缘海盆地过渡的古地理背景相吻合。宝塔组碳酸盐岩海底峡谷的发现,不仅为扬子地台西北缘奥陶纪古环境恢复提供了沉积学依据,同时也可以预测在研究区向西北方向可能存在海底峡谷—浊积扇沉积体系。     

川陕丁家林、太阳坪金矿区金的赋存状态

通过野外及镜下研究，初步查明丁家林，太阳坪金矿区所含金矿物为自然,金金矿及含银自然金。丁家林金矿区包裹体金为主，太阳坪金矿区则以裂隙金为主。粒数及面积统计显示两矿区均以中、细粒金为主。载体矿物主要为黄铁矿，次为石英，偶见方铅矿，黄铜矿及闪锌矿。金的矿化与富集以富含黄铁矿，贫其他多金属硫化物为特征。矿石中常见明金为粗粒金，巨粒金及块状金。     

陕西丹凤秦岭群石榴子石变质结晶动力学研究

本文运用晶体大小分布理论对陕西丹凤秦岭群石榴子石进行了变质结晶动力学的研究,通过对石榴子石在岩石中出现的频率及其大小值的系统测定,有关变质结晶动力学的分析计算,最终得出了丹凤秦岭群石榴子石的变质结晶初始成核密度、成核速度、晶体生长速度、生长时间及冷却过程中体积转移量等诸动力学要素,并从晶体大小分布研究中获得了多期复杂变质这一与地质事实一致的重要地质信息。     

New Early Cambrian Maikhanellids (Mollusca) from Zhangjiagou Section, South Shaanxi, China

A new maikhanellid genus, Totornatus gen. nov., from the Lower Cambrian (Fortunian Stage) of Zhangjiagou section at Xixiang County, southern Shaanxi Province, South China, is based on a new taxon T. strigatus gen. et sp. nov. Although showing similar morphology with a cap-shaped shell and an oval aperture to other members of the family, the new species differs from previous maikhanellids in its smooth apex. The apical field consists of dense, small, round or oval granules, which gradually merge to bigger, elongated, scale-like protrusions toward the apertural margin. On this basis, we establish Totornatus strigatus, which shows a transverse groove in two-ninths of its shell. This result enriches the diversity of the earliest mollusks and maikhanellids.