基于饱和曲线法的地基沉降全过程预测

针对S形沉降时程特征,提出了饱和曲线预测模型。首先,证明了该模型与S形沉降曲线的特点是相吻合的,包括有界性、单调递增性、存在反弯点,同时考察了模型中各参数改变对结果的影响; 其次,阐述了待定参数的获取方法和沉降预测步骤; 最后,通过多个工程实例对沉降预测模型的合理性进行了研究。算例表明,饱和曲线预测模型可以有效地用于加载全过程的沉降预测,具有适应性较广、精度较高、稳定性好的特点。与双曲线法、指数曲线法、星野法、生长曲线法相比而言,本文提出的沉降预测模型可靠性较高,具有一定的工程价值和应用前景。     

基于改进BP算法的Elman网络在软基沉降预测中的应用

E lm an网络具有动态特性好,逼近速度快,精度高等特点,本文结合软基沉降的基本特征,建立了E lm an网络软基沉降预测模型。考虑到经典BP算法的缺陷,采用改进BP算法对网络进行训练学习。实例分析表明,本文所建立的E lm an网络模型具有一定的可靠性和实用性。     

Prediction of long-term settlement on soft clay using shear wave velocity and damping characteristics

This paper presents a method of calculating long-term settlement of a loaded pad on soft clay at Klang, Selangor, Malaysia where the soil model is treated as an anelastic material of viscoelastic property. Initially, an elastic shear modulus (G) value from shear wave velocity profiles of the seismic tests from spectral analysis of surface wave (SASW) and continuous surface wave (CSW) tests was obtained. A value of damping (D) at an equivalent elastic strain is then calculated from the hysteresis of the plate load tests corrected to equivalent strain using the Damping–Strain formula. The calculated elastic settlement and its equivalent damping are then used to calculate the long-term settlement by applying the generalised viscoelastic formula. Comparisons to traditional methods of settlement predictions were made and the viscoelastic formula has shown better agreement to the observed settlement. Further modification of the settlement formula is introduced to improve the settlement accuracy to 10%.     

杭州某顶管下穿钱江二桥的施工影响分析

杭州某污水处理厂双线圆形管道拟采用顶管隧道施工方案,分别用plaxis软件进行有限元分析和经验法计算得到顶管隧道穿越钱江二桥铁路桥梁引起的地面变形、桩基变形、桩基承载力影响大小数据。结果证明顶管穿越铁路桥,对桥梁影响较小。     

隧道下穿既有结构物引起的地表沉降控制标准研究

解决好隧道下穿既有结构物引起的地表沉降问题,对城市地下交通和高速铁路的建设具有重要的意义.在调研国内大量隧道下穿开挖引起的地表沉降控制标准和方法的基础上,根据隧道下穿公路、铁路、隧道和建筑物时引起的地表沉降的不同特点,结合隧道的施工、开挖面积、埋深和工程地质条件等因素,对隧道下穿不同的结构物提出不同的控制沉降措施和建议...     

抚顺石油一厂地表变形初步探讨

石油一厂地表变形的主要因素是西露天矿露天台阶开采, 引起厂南缘边坡失稳、变形和地面沉陷, 同时促使其它因素活化, 更加剧了地裂缝和变形发展。     

河滩相软土试验工程观测成果分析

以河滩相软土为研究对象,利用沉降板、测斜管、孔隙水压力计等多种测试仪器,选取有代表性的观测断面,进行了一年多的沉降与稳定观测。通过观测数据对河滩相软土的沉降规律进行了分析,同时推算了河滩相软土的沉降系数ms,这对今后在河南省河滩相软土地基上修筑高等级公路具有重要的参考价值。     

A multiple profile approach to the palynological reconstruction of Norse landscapes in Greenland's Eastern Settlement

Palynological research is increasingly revealing the landscape impacts of Norse colonisation in southern Greenland. Typically, although not exclusively, these studies are from depositional environments with highly localised pollen source areas close to fjord-side centres of medieval power. In contrast, this paper presents data from Vatnahverfi, an inland district of the Eastern Settlement, and explores the emergence of a cultural landscape through three pollen sequences at variable distances from Norse farms. Two are from mires with small pollen source areas close to (< 100 m) and distant from (≥ 1500 m) probable farming activities. The other provides a more regional signal of vegetation change, albeit one located close to a Norse settlement. Landnám is marked primarily through an increase in microscopic charcoal and the appearance of pollen from Rumex acetosella, although significant differences between profiles are noted. Close to Norse ruins, pollen productivity from grassland communities increases and woodland and scrub representation declines. Further from archaeological remains, palynologically inferred human activity is primarily characterised by decreased productivity, notably declining influx from woodland and scrub species, reflecting grazing herbivores or coppicing. Abandonment of Vatnahverfi is indicated from the late 14th to early 15th century AD.     

福厦线粉喷桩复合地基有限元分析

结合福建省第一条省内高速铁路福厦线的设计,通过三维Biot固结有限元数值模拟,探讨了粉喷桩处治深厚层 软基的变形特性,并就施工参数、路基参数等对软基沉降的影响进行了参数敏感性分析。其研究成果对工程实践具有一定的 指导意义。     

地铁振动荷载下隧道周边土体孔压响应特征研究

本文依托上海地铁9号线开展地铁振动荷载下隧道周边土体孔隙水压力长期监测。监测结果表明:列车振动荷载施加后,超孔隙水压力迅速产生并急剧上升;隧道拱腰深度的超孔压约为1.2kPa;最后一班地铁列车通过后,孔隙水压力逐渐消散;停运5min时,超孔压消散80%左右。由于盾构施工产生的超孔压远比振动产生的超孔压大,现场测试主要表现为施工产生的超孔压消散。超孔压分布规律为:隧道拱腰以上,超孔压随深度有增大趋势,拱腰以下,超孔压随深度有减小趋势;拱腰周边,超孔压较大,超孔压等值线较密集。