一种基于小波变换的新的边缘检测方法

阐述了基于小波变换模局部极大值的多尺度边缘检测原理.提出一种基于图像的小波分解细节来检测图像边缘的方法,经实验,该方法得到的边缘图像明显好于经典的边缘检测算子.     

Comparison Between Four Methods for Data Fusion of ETM＋ Multispectral and Pan Images

Four data fusion methods, principle component transform (PCT), brovey transform (BT), smoothing filter-based intensity modulation(SFIM), and hue, saturation, intensity (HSI), are used to merge Landsat--7 ETMq- multispectral bands with ETM panchromatic band. Each of them improves the spatial resolution effectively but distorts the original spectral signatures to some extent. SFIM model can produce optimal fusion data with respect to preservation of spectral integrity. However, it results the most blurred and noisy image if the coregistration between the multispectral and pan images is not accurate enough. The spectral integrity for all methods is preserved better if the original multispectral images are within the spectral range of ETM pan image.     

一种基于小波系数特征的遥感图像融合算法

多光谱图像和全色图像是目前卫星遥感领域最常见的传感器图像.为了更充分地发挥这两类遥感图像数据的价值,人们利用两类数据的互补性,将多传感器融合技术引进了遥感图像处理领域.在IHS彩色空间变换和小波多分辨率分析的基础上,利用图像高频小波系数的多个特征来定义特征量积,并利用特征量积作为依据提出了一种图像融合新算法.通过一组多光谱图像和全色图像数据进行融合仿真试验,并将该算法与IHS,HPF等算法和归一化矩算法作了比较.证明该方法能在保留多光谱图像光谱信息的基础上,有效地提高多光谱图像的空间分辨率.     

地震应力产生传递与集中机制的研究

讨论得出地震应力是随着“双向应变结构”的形成而产生的;地震应力主要有压缩应力、拉疏应力及剪切应力的复杂性;地震应力的传递与集中,在本质上就是应变的迁移与应变的转换;地震应力与区域构造应力有生成关系上的联系,也有作用对象与作用目的不同的区别。     

广义S变换时频分析在广域电磁法数据处理中的应用

广义S变换是一种可逆的局部时频分析方法,是短时傅里叶变换和小波变换的延伸和推广。利用广义S变换对广域电磁时间序列数据进行分析,除了可以划定噪声区域便于实施滤波去噪之外,还可以提高数据频谱分析精度。针对广域电磁数据特点,基于广义S变换提出了适合广域电磁法的广义S变换处理流程,进行了信号的仿真实验。同时,也对广域电磁法实测数据进行了处理,高信噪比数据的处理结果证实了广义S变换的有效性和准确性。强干扰数据处理的结果表明,获取的信号质量比基于傅里叶变换的传统方法有明显提高。处理效果表明,提出的方法适用于广域电磁法数据处理。     

基于全相位多次互相关的Geiger声发射源定位方法

直接互相关在岩石声发射源定位中,会出现多次峰值与波形密集的问题,在求解过程中会出现无解的情况且定位精度不足,为了解决这些问题,提出一种基于全相位快速傅里叶变换（FFT）分析及多次互相关的岩石声发射源定位的算法。通过对50 mm×100 mm×50 mm的花岗岩进行断铅试验,利用小波变换对互相关分析的频谱进行预处理,同时发挥全相位FFT的相位不变性的优点,找出波形峰值,得到时间差,最后利用最小二乘法得到定位初始点,再通过Geiger迭代,得到最终定位坐标。在选取8个测点的基础上,经声发射监测试验结果表明：该方法比单独直接互相关更容易找到波峰,且波形清晰,初始点的选择有效解决了Geiger迭代法对初始值要求严格的问题,通过全相位分析及多次互相关计算,然后Geiger程序迭代,得到的定位结果比直接互相关精度更高,平均绝对误差比美国生产PCI–2型声发射仪器Geiger定位的结果低 2.40 mm,比基于多次互相关和Geiger算法的声发射源定位结果低3.31 mm,比全相位相位差法声发射测试时间延迟定位结果低1.74 mm 。     

一种基于小波变换的图像融合方法

针对传统基于方向对比度的小波变换融合方法所得结果局部区域清晰度不高的问题,本文在高低频分量的处理方法上作了改进,采用Tenunbaum梯度辅助增强图像的细节信息。试验结果表明,该方法所得融合结果边缘细节更清晰,信息量更大,融合效果较好。     

城市地理信息系统空间基础数据建设探讨

本文通过分析城市地理信息系统基础数据的主要组成、基础数据的数据特性和数据结构，提出了常用数据格式(如DGN、DXF等)到ARC／INFO数据格式转换、入库的技术实现路线，为GIS基础数据的生产、更新雏护和应用提供了一种方法和思路。     

云南来利山锡矿床黄铁矿标型矿物学研究

来利山锡矿床位于喜马拉雅—特提斯构造域东端,三江构造带南段西缘,是滇西地区著名的锡多金属矿床之一。为探讨矿床成因,进而为找矿勘探提供科学依据,对该矿床黄铁矿进行标型矿物学研究。来利山锡矿成矿阶段发育大量黄铁矿,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对黄铁矿进行研究,发现黄铁矿存在不同程度的类质同象取代现象,不同成矿阶段的黄铁矿图谱和吸光度均存在一定差异,从第一阶段到第四阶段特征峰向短波方向漂移; 成矿阶段黄铁矿吸光度比值与成矿阶段呈规律性变化。上述成果对该区进一步找矿具有指导意义。     

Experimental analysis of infragravity waves in two eroded microtidal beaches

This work aims to contribute to the characterization and understanding of infragravity waves on two beaches with erosion problems. For this reason, we have used an array of ADCP and a pressure sensor to measure wave parameters and pressure inside and outside of the surf zone during the dry and rainy period in the beaches of Galerazamba and Manzanillo del Mar (both dissipative and eroded beaches) located in the Colombian Caribbean coast. Based on these measurements, we have carried out a spectral analysis in order to identify the frequency components that characterize the wave and its energy; thus, we identified the characteristic frequencies of infragravity waves to finally filter the infragravity signal on each beach in different seasonal periods. Among the results of the Welch spectrum applied to surface elevation time series, we found that, the frequencies'' energy of the sea-swell band decreases due to bottom friction and wave breaking as the wave approaches the shore, while the frequencies'' energy of the infragravity band increases significantly. In addition, for the wavelet analysis, we could observe how the energy of the infragravity band, especially the lowest frequencies gain energy as the waves approaches the coast. Furthermore, based on the infragravity wave obtained from the extreme wave event registered during the field campaign we can conclude that the contribution of this signal is important in the erosion problems presented in the beaches of Galerazamba and Manzanillo del Mar. Finally, these results show the need to realize other studies that allow us to understand deeply, the role of infragravity waves on the morphological changes that occurs in these beaches.