石英中有害杂质元素分布特征和赋存状态及提纯方法

对石英原料的加工分选提纯,是获得高纯石英原料的主要途径,而有关对石英晶体中有害杂质的分选提纯,国内对这方面的工作较少。根据水晶、石英的ICP分析结果,对水晶石英晶体中的有害杂质元素主要种类、分布特征、在晶体中的赋存状态及提纯方法,分别进行了讨论。     

3D quantification of mineral components and porosity distribution in Westphalian C sandstone by microfocus X-ray computed tomography

Microfocus X-ray computed tomography (µCT) measurements were performed on deltaic sandstone samples from the diagenetically altered Westphalian C strata (Campine basin, north-east Belgium) in order to collect three dimensional data on mineral (quartz, kaolinite, ankerite, etc.) and porosity distribution. The acquired µCT data were compared with point counting results of stained impregnated thin-sections to qualify the sensitivity of µCT. Comparison between techniques shows positive results with regard to the quantification of main mineral phases such as quartz and ankerite, and porosity distribution. However, major discrepancies exist when studying the clay minerals. This can be explained by the influence of microporosity associated with these clay minerals, resulting in partial volume effects.     

Coupled trace element mobilisation and strain softening in quartz during retrograde fluid infiltration in dry granulite protoliths

This study focuses on the retrograde rheological and chemical evolution of quartz and the behaviour of quartzites during retrograde metamorphism following dry high grade metamorphism at 750°C, 7 kbar. SEM-CL and LA-HR-ICP-MS are applied to document quartz texture and chemistry, respectively. Four generations of quartz were distinguished by SEM-CL; Qz1, Qz2, Qz3 and Qz4. Qz1, brecciated and partly dissolved old grains, is enriched in B, Al and Ti when compared with the other types. Qz2, formed during brecciation and partial dissolution of Qz1, has low Al contents (<50 ppm) but, due to rutile inclusions, variable Ti contents when occurring in amphibolite (210–10 ppm) but more consistent values when occurring in quartzites (peak value 32 ppm). Qz3, dark grey luminescent quartz forming fluid migration channels (fluid pathways), has Ti < 5 ppm and Al contents below 10 ppm and B < 1 ppm. Qz4, comprises are group of quartz later than Qz3 filling micron thick cracks and pods with very low luminescent quartz, i.e. darker than Qz3. The textural and chemical evolution of quartz in our study is explained by two major influxes of aqueous fluids during regional uplift and retrogression. They facilitated rehydration and recrystallisation in the otherwise dry high grade quartzites. The first introduction of aqueous fluids was associated with brecciation of the high grade quartz (Qz1) and dissolution/precipitation of quartz (Qz2). Ti in quartz geothermometry (Wark and Watson, Contrib Mineral Petrol 152(6):637–652) gives 626°C in agreement with the retrograde PT-path deduced from phase diagrams. Later fluid influx associated with scapolitisation of amphibolite caused localised recrystallisation (Qz3) and alteration of biotite to muscovite along mm-wide fluid migration channels. During subsequent deformation, Qz3 deformed plastically and recovered by subgrain rotation recrystallisation (SGR), resulting in a reduction of grain size, whereas Qz1 quartz formed micro faults. Qz2 was plastic but did not experience SGR to the same degree as Qz3 quartz. Increased plasticity and recovery rates most likely relate to an increased H₂O fugacity and the depletion in trace elements of the quartz lattice by promoting strain softening processes dislocation climb and recovery. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

The effect of fluid composition on the behavior of well cemented, quartz-rich sandstone during faulting

Previous studies [O'Kane, A., Onasch, C.M., Farver, J., 2007. The role of fluids in low-temperature, fault-related deformation of quartz arenite. Journal of Structural Geology 29, 819--836; Cook, J., Dunne, W.M., Onasch, C.M., 2006. Development of a dilatant damage zone along a thrust relay in a low-porosity quartz arenite, Journal of Structural Geology 28, 776–792] found that quartz arenite within two fault zones in the Appalachian foreland thrust belt displays very different structural styles and histories despite deforming at similar pressures and temperatures during the Alleghanian orogeny. A comparison of the grain-scale deformation and fluid histories using transmitted and cathodoluminescence microscopy and fluid inclusion microthermometry, shows that fluid composition was a controlling factor for causing these differences. The Cove fault zone deformed in the presence of aqueous fluids, first a CaCl₂ brine and then an iron-rich fluid. The precipitation of quartz cement from the brine kept pace with brittle deformation, maintaining overall rock cohesion in the fault zone. The introduction of iron-rich fluids caused a switch from precipitation to dissolution of quartz, along with precipitation of goethite. In a damage zone along a backthrust in the Cave Mountain anticline, early deformation occurred in the presence of an aqueous fluid from which quartz was precipitated. The latest deformation, however, occurred in the presence of a methane-rich fluid, which inhibited the precipitation of quartz cement producing porous breccias and open fractures despite deformation at 6 km depth. Fluid composition not only affected cementation in the fault zones, but also the selection of grain-scale deformation mechanisms. Therefore, it is a controlling factor in determining the behavior and strength of these fault zones.     

大别造山带现今构造格局的形成——来自石英C轴组构的证据

石英C轴组构常常记录递进变形过程中晚期增量变形的构造特征,因而可以通过对大别造山带内岩石中石英C轴组构的分析来确定造山带构造变形历史中的晚期变形事件的运动学特征。本次工作在大别造山带各单元中采集了一系列样品,对其进行石英C轴组构分析。石英C轴组构结果表明,北淮阳带就位于同造山折返第一阶段,其运动型式为上盘向NW的剪切变形;南大别高压—超高压榴辉岩带与宿松杂岩带就位于同造山折返第二阶段,运动型式表现为上盘向SE的剪切变形;北大别带就位于早白垩世穹状隆升过程中。北大别带在穹状隆升过程中表现为上盘向NW的运动型式,在深部可能存在向NW方向的下地壳物质的塑性流动。     

山东七宝山隐爆角砾岩型金铜矿床含矿蚀变斑岩石英颗粒中高温高盐度沸腾包裹体的发现及其意义

山东七宝山隐爆角砾岩型金铜矿床一直以来被认为是浅成低温、低盐度热液型矿床。本研究通过对该矿床含矿蚀变斑岩石英颗粒中流体包裹体的研究,发现存在大量多相包裹体与气体包裹体、气液两相包裹体共生。显微测温显示这些包裹体具有相似的均一温度(374～404℃),盐度高达48%NaCleqv。激光拉曼光谱和扫描电镜能谱分析显示,多相包裹体中的子矿物除了石盐外,还有赤铁矿、重晶石、黄铜矿与黄铁矿等。这些捕获有高温高盐度沸腾包裹体的石英颗粒可能是早期成矿流体在硅化交代蚀变的过程中重结晶形成的,而不是斑岩体的斑晶。这一结果表明该矿床深部存在高温、高盐度的沸腾包裹体。这种高温高盐度的沸腾流体包裹体及多相包裹体中黄铜矿、黄铁矿等子矿物是斑岩型矿床的典型特征,因此该发现表明山东七宝山隐爆角砾岩型金铜矿在深部可能转变为斑岩型矿床。     

Characters of fluid inclusions in quartz veins in pyroclastic rock of Budate Group, Hailar Basin

It was adopted that the fluorescence microscope, Gas-Flow Heating/Freezing System, Laser-Raman Spectroscopy, etc. are the multimedia techniques for analysing fluid inclusions of quartz veins in Budate Group, Hailar Basin.The results show that fluid inclusions in quartz veins are small (1 ～5 μm) monophase, two-phase (liquid+vapour)aqueous inclusions; the two-phase aqueous inclusions homogeniese to the liquid phase between 120 ～ 180℃, two Laser-Raman Spectroscopy show that both gas phase are enriched in CH4 (94.50% ～99.25% ) and C6H6 (0.75% ～2.70%), under these conditions, inclusions may have come from juvenile fliud followingly the quartz veins formation.While the quartz veins exhibiting different striking luminescence has been proved by cathodoluminescence, it would be belong to secondary hydrocarbon inclusions. The oil inclusions of this stage represent mainly the large scale of oil accumulation, located within the quartz microfracture.     

不同围压条件下石英砂破碎特性研究

采用MTS-815程控伺服刚性试验机,对天然石英砂进行不同围压条件下的固结试验,研究其颗粒破碎特性,探讨围压对石英砂颗粒破碎的影响。结果表明,40兆帕以下,固结压力与颗粒破碎程度的变化关系不稳定,当破碎达到一定程度后,颗粒级配趋于良好,围压对其影响逐渐减弱。     

云南元阳大坪金矿地质特征及找矿标志

元阳大坪金矿床为含金多金属硫化物石英脉型中温热液矿床.该金矿位于哀牢山构造变质带南段之主构造方向的转折部位.次级断裂严格控制矿体的分布、规模和形态.石英脉是主要的找矿标志,民间采矿遗迹是找矿的直接标志,围岩蚀变是间接找矿标志.     

东喜马拉雅构造结墨脱剪切带特征及其区域构造意义

东喜马拉雅构造结东、西两侧分别为墨脱剪切带和东久-米林剪切带,本文以墨脱剪切带为研究对象,从构造变形几何学和组构运动学方面进行详细研究。结果表明:①剪切带不同部位的变形性质具有逐渐演化的特征,基于产状、变形性质及变质程度等的变化将其从南到北分为三部分:NE走向具右行兼上盘下滑性质的阿尼桥-希让段、近N-S向具右行走滑性质的旁辛-达木段及N(N)W向具右行兼逆冲性质的甘登-加拉萨段;②在墨脱剪切带内识别出两类剪切变形:高温剪切变形和低温剪切变形。除了构造变形及岩相学证据外,石英EBSD组构数据显示区内高温剪切变形以{10■-0}a滑移系为主,对应的温度为550~650℃,达到高温角闪岩相,局部(北端和中段)还出现了{10■-0}c滑移系,温度更高,大于650℃,相当于下地壳的深度;低温剪切变形以{10■-1}a和{0001}a滑移系为主,对应的温度小于550℃,即剪切变形发生在绿片岩相或绿片岩相以下的构造环境。结合西界东久-米林剪切带的构造特征,推测在印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞之后,南迦巴瓦变质体受制于这两条剪切带而相对拉萨地体向北推移,并楔入拉萨地体之下。