2000国家重力基本网部分站的最新绝对重力测量

为分析部分2000国家重力基本网点的长期稳定性,应用FG5/240绝对重力仪在该网的永兴岛和郑州站进行了绝对测量。对观测结果的处理表明,观测精度优于5×10 ^-8 ms ^-2 ;同时对观测值及其对应的2000国家重力基本网点的重力值进行了比较,得出两者之间重力值差异变化。     

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Storage‐discharge relationships at different catchment scales based on local high‐precision gravimetry

In hydrology, the storage‐discharge relationship is a fundamental catchment property. Understanding what controls this relationship is at the core of catchment science. To date, there are no direct methods to measure water storage at catchment scales (10¹–10³ km²). In this study, we use direct measurements of terrestrial water storage dynamics by means of superconducting gravimetry in a small headwater catchment of the Regen River, Germany, to derive empirical storage‐discharge relationships in nested catchments of increasing scale. Our results show that the local storage measurements are strongly related to streamflow dynamics at larger scales (> 100 km²; correlation coefficient = 0.78–0.81), but at small scale, no such relationship exists (~ 1 km²; correlation coefficients = ?0.11). The geologic setting in the region can explain both the disconnection between local water storage and headwater runoff, and the connectivity between headwater storage and streams draining larger catchment areas. More research is required to understand what controls the form of the observed storage‐discharge relationships at the catchment scale. This study demonstrates that high‐precision gravimetry can provide new insights into the complex relationship between state and response of hydrological systems. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CG型重力仪性能对比分析

对6台CG型重力仪分别进行静态和动态稳定性试验,结果表明,CG-6型重力仪继承了CG-5型重力仪的静态稳定性优点,静态曲线拟合成直线的拟合中误差小于3 μGal,最大拟合差小于5 μGal;CG-6型重力仪动态精度和动态零漂率明显优于CG-5型重力仪.     

A study of gravity variations caused by polar motion using superconducting gravimeter data from the GGP network

Long-term continuous gravity observations, recorded at five superconducting gravimeter (SG) stations in the Global Geodynamic Project (GGP) network, as well as data on orientation variations in the Earths rotation axis (i.e. polar motion), have been used to investigate the characteristics of gravity variations on the Earths surface caused by polar motion. All the SG gravity data sets were pre-processed using identical techniques to remove the luni-solar gravity tides, the long-term trends of the instrumental drift, and the effects of atmospheric pressure. The analysis indicates that the spectral peaks, related to the Chandler and annual wobbles, were identified in both the power and product spectral density estimates. The magnitude of gravity variations, as well as the gravimetric amplitude factor associated with the Chandler wobble, changed significantly at different SG stations and during different observation periods. However, when all the SG observations at these five sites were combined, the gravimetric parameters of the Chandler wobble were retrieved accurately: 1.1613 ± 0.0737 for the amplitude factor and –1°.30 ± 1°.33 for the phase difference. The value of the estimated amplitude factor is in agreement with that predicted theoretically for the zonal tides of an elastic Earth model.     

基于Hilbert变换处理绝对重力仪测量数据

基于Hilbert变换相位平移原理,提取干涉条纹信号采样点瞬时相位,得到采样点位移信息。结合采样频率提取时间信息,利用最小二乘法重建自由落体轨迹,最终解算出重力加速度g值。为提高测量精度,使用零相移低通滤波器去除信号高频噪声,使用多项式拟合法去除信号线性干扰,通过加窗口选取拟合数据抑制吉伯斯现象。仿真结果表明,该方法能使g值误差在10-2 μGal以下,实验结果所得g值平均误差为0.12 μGal。     

CG-5重力仪零漂稳定性评估

对4台购于不同时期的CG-5重力仪进行零漂稳定性分析,提出运用拟合直线相关系数来评估仪器的静态零漂稳定性,以及运用平均动态零漂率来评估仪器的动态零漂稳定性。数据处理结果证明,该方法能有效地评估CG-5重力仪的零漂稳定性特征。     

FG5／240绝对重力仪成套设备的检定测量分析

详细介绍了FG5/240绝对重力仪的技术特点、测量原理和白家疃的试验观测,并就相配套的用于测量梯度的2台CG5相对重力仪(442、444)的检定项目和结果进行说明和分析,结果表明:2台CG5相对重力仪完全满足规范要求,FG5/240绝对重力仪的试验测量结果的标准偏差优于±2.0×10-8 ms-2,能够用于陆态网络工程任务中部分基准站的绝对重力测量。     

欧洲绝对重力仪比对观测（ECGS′07）

介绍了2007年11月在欧洲卢森堡Walferdange举办的第二次绝对重力比对观测的概况及结果.有20台绝对重力仪参加了比对观测,在ECGS共15个测点上的比测结果标准偏差小于2.1×10^-8m·s^-2.文章简述了数据处理方法以及结果分析,中国地震局地震研究所引进的FG5/232绝对重力仪参加了本次比对,为在中国大陆建立绝对重力基准提供了重要经验.     

陆地高精度重力观测数据的应用研究进展

陆地重力观测相较于航空和卫星重力观测,距离场源更近,观测精度相对较高,其静态异常和时变数据已广泛应用于研究多种地球动力学问题.21世纪以来,绝对重力观测技术发展迅速,陆地观测网络日益完善,高精度陆地重力观测数据产品逐渐丰富,基于这些产品的大地测量和地球物理研究不断取得新进展.本文总结了近十几年来高精度陆地重力观测数据在大地测量和地球物理领域的应用进展情况,包括基于重力异常数据构建重力场和大地水准面模型、建立地壳物性结构模型、反演Moho界面形态和估计岩石圈有效弹性厚度,以及利用时变重力数据构建时变重力场模型、探测微弱动力学信号、估计地壳构造变形速率和分析与火山、地震过程的可能关联,最后探讨分析了陆地重力测量的未来发展趋势,可为中国大陆重力观测系统建设与发展规划提供参考.