东天山板块构造与金属矿产成矿规律

根据东天山及邻区地层、沉积建造、构造岩石组合、变形、变质、古生物分区、深部地壳结构、地球物理、地球化学特征，以康古尔塔格－黄山深断裂为界，划分了不同级别的构造单元和构造沉积相带。统计分析了２０２个金属矿床，重点研究了金、银、铜、镍、钼、铁等矿产空间分布与板块构造、碰撞带关系，划分出九个成矿带，三个成矿期，以海西中晚期最为显著。成矿与板缘构造活动带地质演化密切相关，与俯冲一碰撞带和韧性剪切带时空演化最为密切。构造分区控制的矿产成带性和构造演化形成的成矿集中期之间相互转化对该区金属矿产有重要控制作用。     

地幔柱理论研究概述

本文介绍了地幔柱理论研究的一系列进展，诸如地幔柱特征、动力学模式及其一系列地质效应；阐明了地幔柱构造与板块构造的关系。地幔柱理论涉及的是地幄深部物质垂直运动的机制，其研究对于进一步了解地球深部动力学机制有重大意义。     

Convergence of Liapunov series for Huygens–Roche Figures

According to the classical theory of equilibrium figures, surfaces of equal density, potential and pressure concur (let us call them isobars). Isobars can be represented by means of Liapunov power series in small parameter q, up to the first approximation coinciding with the centrifugal to gravitational force ratio at the equator. Liapunov has proved the existence of the universal convergence domain: the above mentioned series converge for all bodies (satisfying a natural condition that the density ρ decreases from the center to the surface) if |q| < q*. Using Liapunov’s algorithm and symbolic manipulation tools, we have found q*= 0.000370916. Evidently, the convergence radius q* may be much greater in common situations. To comfirm it it is reasonable to consider two limiting and one or two intermediate cases for the density behaviour: ρ is a constant, the Dirac’s δ-function, linear function of the distance from the center, etc. And indeed, in the previous paper we find a three orders of magnitude greater value for homogeneous figures. In the present paper we find that in the opposite case of Huygens-Roche figures (a point-mass surrounded by a weightless atmosphere) the convergence radius is unexpectedly large and coincides with the well-known biggest possible value q*= 0.541115598 for such a class of figures. To ascertain it we ought to use numerical calculations, so our main result is demonstrated by means of a computer assisted proof. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

一种基于差分投影的汽车牌照自动识别方法

针对汽车牌照的特点,利用差分投影法对汽车图像进行处理,确定出牌照的准确位置并将其整体切割下来;然后利用差分投影法对牌照进行切分,切分出待识别的车牌字符;再利用模板匹配的方法对切分出的车牌字符进行识别.实践证明该方法对汽车牌照的自动识别非常有效.     

吉林深震的构造背景和区域地震能量的异常讨论

从吉林深震的形成与板块构造活动的关系入手，介绍了深震与吉林省区域构造活动背景的联系。利用测震学活动性指标，讨论了发震前后区域地震能量时空变化的特点，并结合对前兆资料的分析，得出了深震前后区域地震能量的累积与释放的特点。本文试图阐明异同，探讨机制，以期对地震活动规律的研究有所帮助。     

Neutrino Geophysics Conference Introduction

Long distance detection of electron anti-neutrinos from reactors at distances of order 200 km has been achieved with the 1000 ton liquid scintillator-based KamLAND instrument in Japan. In summer 2005 the KamLAND group reported the first detection of anti-neutrinos from the natural radioactivity of the earth. These measurements are due to uranium and thorium decays dominantly from the nearby crust in Japan, and are expected to have only a small contribution from the earth’s mantle (and core). Several new detectors are under consideration around the world for measurements which when taken together can reveal the location of these heavy elements, which are expected to contribute a major share of the internal earth’s heating via their radioactivity. This heating is of course associated with providing the power to drive the geomagnetic field and plate tectonics. Geologists have only indirect evidence about the deep earth, mostly from seismic wave velocity and inferences from a few meteorites. Anti-neutrino detection, on the other hand, yields direct information about earth’s interior. The location and magnitude of the earth’s uranium and thorium are crucial to understanding the origin and evolution of the earth and present day activity. Lead Article in Proceedings of Neutrino Sciences 2005     

应用于二维倾斜仪中的圆弧柱面差动电容理论分析

介绍了基于圆柱摆体和圆弧柱面极板的二维倾斜仪模型,并对其圆弧柱面差动电容电路进行理论分析。结果表明,提高倾斜仪的观测灵敏度需适度增加圆柱摆体半径与高度及吊丝长度,减小圆弧柱面极板圆心角,缩小动极板与定极板间隙距离;减少倾斜仪的输出非线性需适度增加圆柱摆体半径和动极板与定极板间隙距离,减小圆弧柱面极板圆心角、圆柱摆体高度及吊丝长度。依据该原则,选取一组典型参数,计算得到倾斜仪理论灵敏度为0.028 5 V/(″),非线性度为0.001 2%。     

高能级强夯法处理深厚吹填砂土地基现场试验

沿海吹填砂土地基地下水位较高、常含软土夹层,地基处理难度大。为了研究高能级强夯在这类吹填砂土地基上的加固效果,在山东沿海某吹填砂土场地开展6 000和8 000 kN·m能级强夯加固试验。试验结束后分别运用标准贯入试验、静力触探试验、平板载荷试验进行现场检测。通过对比分析了设计要求深度范围内标准贯入试验和静力触探试验,发现夯前夯后标准贯入试验击数和静力触探锥尖试验阻力均明显提升,有效消除了饱和砂土和饱和粉土的液化势;通过平板载荷试验p-s曲线及夯后静力触探锥尖阻力标准值与承载力特征值的关系式,得到夯后砂土地基承载力特征值≥120 kPa,验证了高能级强夯方案的可行性。其次,对软土夹层位置和地下水位高度展开研究,发现软土层会阻碍夯击能传递,减小强夯有效加固深度,且软土层位置不同对强夯加固效果影响程度不同,强夯影响临界范围处存在软土层时,有效加固深度为软土层顶部位置处;对砂土地基进行4 000 kN·m能级强夯试验时,发现未降水强夯后有效加固深度为5 m,降水至地面以下3 m强夯后有效加固深度达到了7 m,提高了加固效果。在高能级强夯研究基础上,对现场吹填砂土地基进行了75万m²的大面积高能级强夯施工,发现处理后地基能够满足建筑用地要求。     

塔里木东北缘早二叠世坡东铜镍硫化物矿床成矿特征与岩石成因

新疆北山坡北基性-超基性岩体位于塔里木板块东北缘,形成于早二叠世,赋存了坡一、坡十超大型铜镍硫化物矿床,以贫矿为主,赋存于橄榄岩相中。近年在坡一矿床东部勘探过程中,新发现了海绵陨铁状富矿,赋存于辉长苏长岩相中,命名为坡东铜镍硫化物矿床,为该区找矿对象提供了新的线索。坡北岩体的地质背景、岩石成因与成矿机制存在较大的争议,本研究在坡东矿床最新勘探钻孔中取得一系列样品,从年代学、岩石地球化学、同位素地球化学角度进行了系统剖析,对比坡一矿床的成岩成矿特征。发现坡东矿床中与成矿相关的辉长苏长岩相的全岩m/f值、εNd(t)值及橄榄石的Fo值明显低于坡一矿床,指示坡东矿床中赋矿岩相的岩浆演化程度相对较高,随着岩浆演化程度增高,地壳混染作用影响增强。岩石学与地球化学研究指示:坡东矿床是岩浆在地壳浅部发生分离结晶和地壳混染,岩浆达到硫化物饱和并发生硫化物熔离后成矿;坡一矿床是岩浆在深部发生橄榄石与铬尖晶石结晶,通过岩浆自身结晶分异导致硫化物饱和成矿。结合前人研究成果,提出坡北岩体的形成可能与～275Ma塔里木地幔柱事件有关,岩体的母岩浆来自亏损型地幔,具有OIB特征,地幔源区遭受了流体的交代作用。     

Upper mantle anisotropy inferred from shear wave splitting beneath the Eastern Indian Shield region

We estimate the shear wave splitting parameters vis-à-vis the thicknesses of the continental lithosphere beneath the two permanent seismic broadband stations located at Dhanbad (DHN) and Bokaro (BOKR) in the Eastern Indian Shield region. Broadband seismic data of 146 and 131 teleseismic earthquake events recorded at DHN and BOKR stations during 2007–2014 were analyzed for the present measurements. The study is carried out using rotation-correlation and transverse component minimization methods. We retain our “Good”, “Fair” and “Null” measurements, and estimate the splitting parameters using 13 “Good” results for DHN and 10 “Good” results for BOKR stations. The average splitting parameters (ϕ, δt) for DHN and BOKR stations are found to be 50.76°±5.46° and 0.82 ± 0.2 s and 56.30°±5.07° and 0.95 ± 0.17 s, and the estimated average thicknesses of the anisotropic layers beneath these two stations are ∼ 94 and ∼109 km, respectively. The measured deviation of azimuth of the fast axis direction (ϕ) from the absolute motion of the Indian plate ranges from ∼8° to 14°. The measured deviation of azimuth of the fast axis direction (ϕ) from the absolute motion of the Indian plate ranges from ∼8° to 14°. The eastward deviation of the fast axis azimuths from absolute plate motion direction is interpreted to be caused by induced outflow from the asthenosphere. Further, the delay time found in the present analysis is close to the global average for continental shield areas, and also coherent with other studies for Indian shield regions. The five “Null” results and the lower delay time of ∼0.5–0.6 s might be indicating multilayer anisotropy existing in the mantle lithosphere beneath the study area.