基于物探数据的内蒙古哈达门沟金矿三维地质体建模

目前,可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)的数据处理多以测线(断面)进行,以二维反演断面图作为成果输出,难以清晰、直观地显示三维地电结构的分布特征。以内蒙古哈达门沟CSAMT二维勘探数据为基础,结合当前三维地质体建模技术,利用三维建模软件,采用插值方法得到哈达门沟三维地质体模型,实现了多角度、多层面展现地下地质体的分布特征。应用这种三维可视化手段能较好地反映异常区域的分布、空间位置与形态,通过对良导体和相关构造的空间分布形态进行基本勾画,对矿产资源的进一步勘探、开发具有较好的找矿指导作用。     

利用3S技术及三维激光扫描仪进行耕地损毁勘测

利用RS技术发现耕地损毁,网络RTK测量耕地损毁范围及面积,GIS提取耕地被损毁前的分类面积和等别,以及利用网络RTK配合Maptek I-Site8810三维激光扫描仪重构损毁耕地三维模型。     

A comparison of economic performance in the fisheries sector: A short- and long-term perspective

Indicators of the economic performance of fishing vessels are frequently computed in various countries. In this paper, we use different types of information to assess capital value and the economic performance of fishing vessels. On the one hand, field surveys provide technical and financial information on the main components of fishing capital. On the other hand, book values are given in bookkeeping databases. We use both sources of information on fishing capital are used for the same set of vessels, namely the commercial fishing fleet of the French region of Brittany. Based on these two sources, measures of economic performance can be produced for the short term using gross surplus; and for the long term including the cost of capital. The measures of performance obtained are presented and the differences between them are then discussed.     

三维激光扫描仪测量方法与前景展望

首先详细论述了三维激光扫描仪测距、测角、扫描及定向的若干方法,然后通过三维激光扫描仪发展现状的介绍,及各项技术参数图表式对比、分析,得出了三维激光扫描仪测程、精度及扫描速率之间的关系.针对三维激光扫描仪的局限性,提出其会向精密定位、多功能集成、完全国产化、软件公用化等方向发展的趋势.     

三维激光扫描技术下的规划验收测量数据处理及成果获取

三维激光扫描技术由于可快速获取高精度、高密度点云数据,可将拟验收建筑及周边情况几乎完全无差地复制到电脑中,是规划验收测量特别是复杂建筑规划验收测量的理想方法,但是其数据处理一直是影响甚至制约其应用的瓶颈。本文简述了规划验收测量要点,以及三维激光扫描点云数据初步处理流程,并针对制作规划验收测量各类图件的不同需求,提出了分别通过直接取线、切片、投影等方法制作成果图件的工作思路及各方法的特点。但是还需研究和解决海量点云的数据处理,以及根据验收测量特点获得测量成果图件的问题。     

Phytoplankton composition and biomass across the southern Indian Ocean

Phytoplankton composition and biomass was investigated across the southern Indian Ocean. Phytoplankton composition was determined from pigment analysis with subsequent calculations of group contributions to total chlorophyll a (Chl a) using CHEMTAX and, in addition, by examination in the microscope. The different plankton communities detected reflected the different water masses along a transect from Cape Town, South Africa, to Broome, Australia. The first station was influenced by the Agulhas Current with a very deep mixed surface layer. Based on pigment analysis this station was dominated by haptophytes, pelagophytes, cyanobacteria, and prasinophytes. Sub-Antarctic waters of the Southern Ocean were encountered at the next station, where new nutrients were intruded to the surface layer and the total Chl a concentration reached high concentrations of 1.7 ??g Chl a L⁻¹ with increased proportions of diatoms and dinoflagellates. The third station was also influenced by Southern Ocean waters, but located in a transition area on the boundary to subtropical water. Prochlorophytes appeared in the samples and Chl a was low, i.e., 0.3 ??g L⁻¹ in the surface with prevalence of haptophytes, pelagophytes, and cyanobacteria. The next two stations were located in the subtropical gyre with little mixing and general oligotrophic conditions where prochlorophytes, haptophytes and pelagophytes dominated. The last two stations were located in tropical waters influenced by down-welling of the Leeuwin Current and particularly prochlorophytes dominated at these two stations, but also pelagophytes, haptophytes and cyanobacteria were abundant. Haptophytes Type 6 (sensuZapata et al., 2004), most likely Emiliania huxleyi, and pelagophytes were the dominating eucaryotes in the southern Indian Ocean. Prochlorophytes dominated in the subtrophic and oligotrophic eastern Indian Ocean where Chl a was low, i.e., 0.043-0.086 ??g total Chl a L⁻¹ in the surface, and up to 0.4 ??g Chl a L⁻¹ at deep Chl a maximum. From the pigment analyses it was found that the dinoflagellates of unknown trophy enumerated in the microscope at the oligotrophic stations were possibly heterotrophic or mixotrophic. Presence of zeaxanthin containing heterotrophic bacteria may have increased the abundance of cyanobacteria determined by CHEMTAX.     

内蒙古武川-四子王旗地区地下水中的NO-3污染

三氮对人体的危害已引起人们的关注，NO3^--N是三氮的主体。本文分析了武川一四子王旗地区NO3^-的污染现状及其在水平和垂向上的分布特征和规律，研究了污染原因和过程，提出了相应的防治对策。     

四川龙门山安县-灌县断裂带的特征——以汶川地震断裂带科学钻探3号孔（WFSD-3）岩心为例

汶川地震断裂带科学钻探（WFSD）是由科技部、国土资源部和中国地震局联合组织实施的汶川地震断裂带科学钻探研究项目,计划在同震地表破裂带（龙门山映秀-北川断裂和安县-灌县断裂）的上盘布置5口科学群钻：WFSD-1、WFSD-2、WFSD-3、WFSD-3P和WFSD-4,其中WFSD-3和WFSD-3P位于龙门山前山断裂安县-灌县断裂的上盘。以WFSD-3钻孔岩心为研究对象,进行详细的岩石学、构造学、野外编录等研究。WFSD-3钻孔岩心中的断裂岩主要由断层角砾岩、碎裂岩和断层泥组成,未见假玄武玻璃。钻孔中存在26条规模不等的断裂带,断裂密度显示FZ634、FZ1215和FZ1250为主要断裂带,而FZ1250可能为2008年汶川地震的主滑移带。安县-灌县断裂在地表和WFSD-3P、WFSD-3钻孔岩心中的断层倾角分别约为60°、46°和38°,显示安县-灌县断裂倾角从地表至深部逐渐变缓,为一铲式逆冲断层。     

Advances and limitations in establishing a contiguous high-resolution atmospheric radiocarbon record derived from subfossil kauri tree rings for the interval 60–27 cal kyr BP

Radiocarbon dating is the most widely applied and reliable dating technique for providing chronological control during Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3; ∼60–27 cal kyr BP). Past variations in the atmospheric concentration of radiocarbon mean a calibration curve is required. IntCal20 and SHCal20 calibration curves covering MIS3 are presently largely based on non-atmospheric records which, in combination with larger radiocarbon (¹⁴C) dating uncertainties, results in significant smoothing and reduced resolution in calibration curve structure. Floating tree ring radiocarbon chronologies that are wiggle-matched to other palaeo records (particularly to Hulu Cave speleothems) have the potential to provide detailed structure to the MIS3 portion of extant calibration curves. New Zealand subfossil kauri (Agathis australis) trees are long-lived and are useful for constructing temporally-floating MIS3 atmospheric radiocarbon datasets. This paper presents extant and emerging data from several important Northland subfossil kauri locations (Omaha, Babylon Coast, Bream Bay, Kai Iwi Lakes, Mangawhai). We show the span of seven floating MIS3 kauri sequences (individual trees and chronologies) from which sequential radiocarbon series covering a total of 7556 years is now in development (representing 23% of the period 60–27 cal kyr BP). We also report radiocarbon dates for an additional 34 ancient kauri from MIS3 that can provide additional coverage. After these floating subfossil wood sequences have been produced, close to 40% of MIS3 (12,420 years) will be covered by contiguous subfossil kauri radiocarbon measurements. Based on our findings, we discuss the prospects and limitations for obtaining a highly resolved and precise atmospheric radiocarbon calibration curve comprehensively covering MIS3 using subfossil kauri.