The impacts of moisture transport of East Asian monsoon on summer precipitation in Northeast China

By using the ECMWF reanalysis daily data and daily precipitation data of 80 stations in Northeast China from 1961 to 2002, the impacts of moisture transport of East Asian summer monsoon on the summer precipitation anomaly in Northeast China, and the relationship between the variation of moisture budget and the establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this region are studied. The results demonstrate that the moisture of summer precipitation in Northeast China mainly originates from subtropical, South China Sea, and South Asia monsoon areas. East China and its near coastal area are the convergent region of the monsoonal moisture currents and the transfer station for the currents continually moving northward. The monsoonal moisture transport, as an important link or bridge, connects the interaction between middle and low latitude systems. In summer half year, there is a moisture sink in Northeast China where the moisture influx is greater than outflux. The advance transport and accumulation of moisture are of special importance to pentad time scale summer precipitation. The onset, retreat, and intensity change of the monsoonal rainy season over Northeast China are mainly signified by the moisture input condition along the southern border of this area. The establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this area ranges from about 10 July to 20 August and the onset in the west is earlier than that in the east. The latitude that the monsoon can reach is gradually northward from west to east, reaching 50°N within longitude 120°-135°E. In summer, the difference of air mass transport between summers with high and low rainfall mainly lies in whether more air masses originating from lower latitudes move northward through East China and its coastal areas, consequently transporting large amounts of hot and humid air into Northeast China.     

赣东北地区岩浆岩同位素年代学研究及地质演化

本文收集并整理赣东北及邻区岩浆岩年龄数据200多个,在综合、分析大量地质资料与前人成果的基础上,尝试较全面地总结本区中元古代以来的岩浆活动、构造演化过程及其动力学背景。研究表明,本区古元古代及更早时期的岩浆活动确切记录很少,反映出赣东北地区可能没有古老的陆壳。中—新元古代丰富多彩的岩浆活动,记录了江南造山带在扬子板块东南缘的发生和形成过程。本区古生代的构造—岩浆活动总体来说不强烈,主要发育在一些海西印—支期的断裂拗陷带,并且伴随与海底火山活动—热水沉积相关的成矿作用。中生代尤其燕山期是赣东北地区岩浆活动较强烈的一个时期,以德兴铜厂—富家坞花岗闪长斑岩和银山潜火山岩为代表的花岗质岩浆活动形成了规模巨大的铜金多金属矿床,是中国东部中生代成矿大爆发的典型代表;本区在白垩纪处于拉张伸展的构造环境,发育双峰式岩浆岩建造。新生代构造—岩浆活动不强,仅在一些张裂带有少量岩浆活动。本文还结合近期工作,对一些争议性问题提出了自己的认识。     

东北三省城镇收缩的特征及机制与响应

基于城镇收缩视角认识东北三省人口流失与经济衰退问题,对深化中国老工业基地转型理论具有重要意义.本文以东北三省县级市(县)为研究对象,利用ArcGIS与空间计量方法,分析增长与收缩城镇的特征与空间关系,研究收缩城镇的职能差异和空间分布格局,探讨区域城镇收缩的形成机制与应对措施.结果 显示:2000年以来,东北三省出现了明...     

Impacts of climate change on commercial fish stocks in Norwegian waters

The Norwegian fishing areas extend over various marine ecosystems that will respond differently to climate change. In the North Sea the productivity of the boreal fish species are likely to decrease under global warming and new warm-water species are expected to become more abundant. In the arctic marine ecosystem of the Barents Sea the fish productivity is expected to increase and their distributions expand northward and eastward under global warming increasing the importance of the Russian as well as the Norwegian sectors of the Barents. In the past, decadal-scale climate variations have been shown to strongly influence productivity and distributions of fish stocks. The importance of such shorter-term variations are expected to continue also under global warming. Under global warming the optimum temperature for fish farming along the Norwegian coast will be displaced northwards from the northern part of West Norway towards the Helgeland coast.     

Variation Character of Grain Yield per Unit Area in Main Grain-producing Area of Northeast China

Based on the surveys and the statistic data during 1980-2003, the variation character of grain yield per unit area in Northeast China and its main factors have been discussed by the methods of statistics and grey correlation analysis. The results show that: 1) the grain yield per unit area has been taking on an increasing trend in the recent 20 years. It increased from 2519.80kg/ha in 1980 to 4216.11kg/ha in 2003, with an increasing rate of 67.32%; 2) the variation of grain yield per unit area is considerably prominent and its range is also very great, with the maximal increase rate of 42.59% and maximal decrease rate of 21.13%, respectively, which are far above the whole Chinese average level; 3) the variation of main crops' yield per unit area is remarkable, which takes on the character that the yield of corn is much higher than that of soybean and rice; and 4) the grey correlation analysis shows that the most important factors impacting the variation of grain yield per unit area are the total power of agricultural machinery, the consumption of chemical fertilizer and effective irrigated area. However, the influence of natural disaster and income level should not be ignored. Effective ways to improve grain yield per unit area are to construct farmland improvement groundwork, reclaim the middle- and low-yield farmland, etc.     

广西隆林祥播早二叠世茅口期的几种Pseudodoliolina

广西隆林祥播地区二叠纪地层是一套连续的海相碳酸盐岩,出露良好,内含丰富的(竹蜓)类化石。本文记述了Pseudodoliolina属的12种,其中对2个新种Pseudodoliolina contracta sp.nov.,P.subelliptica sp.nov.作详细描述。新种均采于茅口阶Cancellina带。新种的发现为本文论述Pseudodoliolina(竹蜓)类动物群的演化特征提供了实际材料。     

The pollen record from El’gygytgyn Lake: implications for vegetation and climate histories of northern Chukotka since the late middle Pleistocene

Three types of pollen assemblages (shrub-dominated, mixed herb- and shrub-dominated, and herb-dominated) characterize the ~ 300,000 year palynological record from El’gygytgyn Lake. Despite major changes in global climatic forcings, all pollen spectra, with a few isolated exceptions, have strong to possible analogs in the modern plant communities of Northeast Siberia and Alaska. Paleoclimatic reconstructions based on squared chord-distance analog analyses indicate two periods (~8600–10,700 ¹⁴C year B.P. and OIS 5e) when summers were perhaps ~2 to 4°C warmer than modern. January temperatures were also warmer than present, and both July and January were wetter than today. Palynological data remain inconclusive as to the establishment of forests near El’gygytgyn Lake at these times. The wettest Julys occurred during OIS 5 d. July temperatures were near modern, and Januarys were colder and drier than now. January temperatures, even into the Middle Pleistocene, generally show little variability, suggesting that the suppression of arboreal taxa during glaciations was likely caused by cool summers with low effective moisture and not by frigid winters. Because age schemes that correlate magnetic susceptibility to variations in summer insolation or ∂¹⁸O have cool plant taxa persisting in warm times (and vice versa), we propose an alternative age model based on the palynological data. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available to authorised users in the online version of this article at . This is the first in a series of eleven papers published in this special issue dedicated to initial studies of El’gygytgyn Crater Lake and its catchment in NE Russia. Julie Brigham-Grette, Martin Melles, Pavel Minyuk were guest editors of this special issue.     

桂北高邦山中基性岩体的铜镍成矿性研究

高邦山中基性岩体形成于四堡运动的构造岩浆活动,是桂北地区出露最大的基性岩体,出露面积20km^2以上.对该岩体的岩相、地球化学、稀土元素组成等特征的研究表明,其与区内层状、似层状成矿基性杂岩体相比,具有同源岩浆成因,并有着更好的深部岩浆分异作用和良好成矿地质条件.研究认为,该类岩体底部、下部的岩浆通道及附近断裂构造为重要的成矿场所.首次在岩体内发现受断裂控制的矿化超基性岩,这对桂北铜镍矿找矿有着重要的启示作用.     

桂林市冠岩危岩发育特征与防治对策

冠岩是我国著名的旅游洞穴,以洞内观光电梯、小火车、地下河构成的"水陆空"游览为特色,每年接待游客40余万人。洞内地形复杂,岩体多被裂隙切割成孤立的岩块,化石性钟乳石发育,其开发过程中建设了大量人为工程。近年来,冠岩发生了几起危岩崩塌事故。经调查,目前洞内对旅游线路构成威胁的危岩计70块(段)。研究发现,洞顶、洞壁危岩出现的几率近相同,而洞穴大厅出现的几率远大于廊道;天然洞段发生的危岩规模大、数量少,而人工开凿段则表现为数量多、规模小;人为因素诱发的危岩多于自然条件下形成的危岩。提出了以预防、加固为主的危岩防治原则。     

广西北海涠洲岛第四纪晚期火山碎屑流中橄榄岩包体碎块的发现及其地质意义

广西北海涠洲岛是我国面积最大的第四纪火山岩海岛,岛内出露的最新一次火山喷发产物为碧玄质岩石,它覆盖于晚更新世湖光岩组(Q3h)层状凝灰岩地层之上。在该火山岩中发现有橄榄岩包体,罕见的是,包体是以火山角砾的形式见于碧玄质火山碎屑流之中,故应是被炸碎的包体碎块,而非原始态包体。这是迄今为止较为特殊的一种橄榄岩包体产状类型,其原始态包体的岩石类型可能为方辉橄榄岩和纯橄岩。岩石结构及探针数据均表明该橄榄岩包体来自岩石圈地幔。包体的温压估算结果为960～1040℃和1.3GPa,对应的稳定深度约40km。此外,由于包体来源深度远小于其寄主碧玄质火山岩浆的来源深度(大于99km),表明涠洲岛地区第四纪火山碎屑流中的橄榄岩包体是地幔柱来源的碧玄质岩浆在上升经过岩石圈地幔约40km深度时捕获的偶然包体,并在就位前经历过炸碎。