乡村旅游、贝叶文化与社会主义新农村建设——以西双版纳傣族村寨为例

乡村旅游是近年来在中国逐渐兴起的一种新的旅游形式,它满足了城市居民渴望“回归自然”、享受“返璞归真”的追求,具有良好的市场前景。社会主义新农村建设是当前及今后一段时期中国经济社会发展中的一个重大历史任务。以“生产发展、生活宽裕、乡风文明、村容整洁、管理民主”的标准来建设社会主义新农村与开发乡村旅游的硬件条件具有很高的重合度,而根植于西双版纳村寨的贝叶文化是一种良好的乡村旅游资源。因此,在版纳村寨开发乡村旅游是一项很好的致力于建设社会主义新农村的工作,此举是促进西双版纳村寨新农村建设的有效途径之一。     

Sustainability,corporate growers,regionalisation and Pacific‐Asia links in the Tasmanian and Hawkes Bay apple industries

This paper examines the differing modes of insertion of the Australian and New Zealand apple industries into world apple markets, part of the evolving global fresh fruit complex. It is argued that the mix and behaviours of key actors in the global apple industry are realigning market links and production systems. Industry actors in Australia and New Zealand are confronting issues of quality and sustainability as a result of pressures from consumers, regulatory measures in traditional and emerging markets, and new technologies of production and distribution. Governments are laying the foundations of national, regional and industry sustainability policies. An examination of the detailed structure and adjustments of the apple industry in Hawkes Bay and Tasmania reveals considerable differences in local responses, institutions and degree of restructuring of markets. The preferences and quality control requirements of export markets are increasingly important, to the extent that cultural dimensions appear to be altering the commodification process.     

塔克拉玛干沙漠近地层湍流热通量计算方法比较研究

利用2007年8月3日至10月31日在塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站取得的大气边界层观测资料,比较了涡动相关法、波文比法和空气动力学法计算得到的湍流热通量,分析了塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地能量平衡各分量的日变化特征。结果表明：波文比法、空气动力学和涡动相关法计算得到的塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地湍流热通量日变化特征是一致的,整个观测期间,空气动力学方法和波文比法计算得出的湍流通量大于涡动相关法。它们的顺序分别为,波文比法计算得出的湍流热通量最大,空气动力学方法次之,涡动相关法最小;塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地能量平衡各分量基本上以12:00时为中心,呈对称分布。净辐射、土壤热通量、感热通量具有非常明显的日变化特征。净辐射日最高值324 W·m-2出现在当地时间11:30,最小值-85 W·m-2出现在当地时间18:30;土壤热通量在12:00左右达到日最高值143 W·m-2,而20:00时出现最小值-69 W·m-2;感热通量在13:30时左右达到最高值178 W·m-2,19:00时左右出现最小值-7 W·m-2;相对于上述3个能量平衡分量,潜热通量的日变化特征不太明显。每日12:30左右出现潜热通量的最大值43 W·m-2,06:00时出现日最低值－1 W·m-2。     

新亚欧大陆桥新疆段环境灾害分布规律

根据实地调查和收集到近四十年资料、分析新亚欧大陆桥新疆段环境灾害成因、类型及成灾方式,阐明了陆桥新疆段以洪水、风沙灾害为主要类型的灾害特点,通过对不同灾害类型的时空强分布的统计分析,揭示了灾害过程春季３～４月以盐碱土不良路基、风沙灾害为主,夏季６～７月份以洪水为主的灾害时空活动特点和区域分异规律。     

2000—2015年东北地区县域人口与经济耦合协调演变及空间差异——以辽宁省为例

国家对振兴东北老工业基地的战略部署格外重视,尤其在新东北现象出现后,东北地区的未来发展趋势再次成为国内外关注的热点。选取东北三省人口与经济发展变化特征显著的辽宁省作为研究对象,通过建立人口与经济系统指标体系和耦合协调模型,探究2000-2015年辽宁省人口与经济耦合协调演变特征及空间差异。结果表明:东北振兴以来,辽宁省人口与经济耦合关系逐渐加深,呈现高水平耦合发展趋势,但协调关系存在明显的变动,中度失调县区的数量不断增多,基本协调的区域有所下降,且耦合不协调地区以省内陆边界地带为主;耦合度增强、协调度降低的县市具有共同的特征,人口与经济变化不同步,人口综合指数一直下降,而经济综合指数却有增有降,也是导致地区失调的主要原因;辽宁省人口与经济既耦合又协调的地区还存在一定的圈层+轴线的空间结构,其中圈层是指以沈阳、鞍山、大连的三圈层结构(由中心向周围递减),且离中心地区越远,其耦合协调水平越低;轴线结构是处于哈大高铁线路上的沈大城市走廊,形成一条较明显的梯度轴。     

Forestry as imperial careering: New Zealand as the end and edge of empire in the 1920s–1940s

Forestry is interestingly situated within British imperial networks of the 19th and early 20th centuries whereby India was arguably the main node. Drawing on Lambert and Lester's concept of ‘imperial careering’ as a way of exploring imperial networks, this paper further extends its application to foresters as a group of middle‐level technical experts as well as carrying it into the 20th century when the British Empire was by some measures at its zenith. The forestry careers of Owen Jones and Hugh Corbin, principally in Australia and New Zealand, are used to illustrate the discussion which concludes with some more general observations about imperial careerists.     

关于建设数字郑东新区的构想

郑东新区是一个新规划的城区,在城市建设的同时进行信息化建设将比其它城市具有更大的优势和发展机遇。文章探讨了数字郑东新区的总体框架、空间基础设施、标准体系建设,以及在信息化建设中的重点电子工程。并提出了加强组织体系建设、制订信息化战略、加强信息安全保障、完善融资体系等保障措施。     

Geography,planning and the law: a coastal perspective

This paper examines how legal structures interact with land‐use decisions in the coastal zone. The emphasis is on NSW where there has been a steady evolution of legislative and other measures to regulate how the coast is to be planned and managed. These measures arise from a long history of individual, corporate, local government and State agency actions directed more at private benefit than at protecting and conserving environmental values for the public good. Alienation of foreshores, restrictions on access, buildings located in hazardous areas, canals exposing soils rich in acids, and pollution of waterways are examples of degradation on this coast. Yet much remains to be protected. Expansion of coastal national parks over the past decade has helped. But new planning controls have been introduced to support the NSW Coastal Policy (1997 NSW Coastal Policy (1997) A sustainable future for the New South Wales coast NSW Government, Sydney  [Google Scholar]). In essence, there is evidence that the State government seeks to implement environmentally sustainable development principles to ensure that as the population continues to grow, decisions on future land uses will reflect the functioning of ecosystems and the dynamics of coastal and catchment geomorphology and hydrology. Pressures from individuals and corporations exercising traditional property rights need to be managed within a statutory framework that facilitates sustainability of coastal environmental values cherished by so many.     

North Island hill country farmers' management response to issues of sustainability

Abstract:  This paper explores the impediments to optimizing the economic and environmental performance of agriculture in the North Island hill country. The work draws on a range of data sources including consolidated statistical data obtained from The New Zealand Meat and Wool Board's Economic Service (NZMWB) for all North Island hill and hard country farms for the period 1976–77 to 1996–97 and interviews in June and July 1999 with 35 farm households throughout the North Island. Despite generally low levels of profitability, there is considerable evidence that New Zealand farmers have engaged in moves to sustainability to a significant extent.