陕西西乡县龙王塘地区新元古代岩体和 脉岩锆石U-Pb年代学及源区性质

陕西西乡县广泛出露的晋宁期岩浆岩是研究和理解扬子克拉通基底地质演化的一个窗口。通过对西乡县龙王塘地区的辉长岩体、花岗岩脉和钠长斑岩脉进行锆石U-Pb定年和原位Lu-Hf同位素分析,确定了岩浆侵位时代,揭示了岩浆源区特征。年代学研究结果表明,辉长岩体和花岗岩脉的侵位时间分别为（863.6±4.4）Ma和（863.6±3.8）Ma,是新元古代岩浆作用的产物。在两条钠长斑岩脉中识别出（905.2±8.2）Ma、（807.0±8.9）Ma和（762.5±4.2）Ma三组锆石年龄,第一组为继承锆石的年龄,后两组年龄分别代表两条岩脉的侵位时代。综上可知,龙王塘地区存在~864 Ma、~807 Ma和~763 Ma三期岩浆作用,以及早期（~905 Ma）构造热事件,岩浆作用具有长期性和多阶段性特征。Lu-Hf同位素分析结果表明,辉长岩体和脉岩的ε_Hf（t）平均值介于+7.1~+10.0之间。对已有地质资料进行综合分析发现,汉南地区的绝大多数新元古代岩体的ε_Hf（t）为正值,具有随时间偏离亏损地幔线,接近球粒陨石线的基本演化趋势。上述锆石U-Pb年龄和原位Lu-Hf同位素结果表明,龙王塘地区出露的新元古代岩浆岩起源于亏损地幔或新生地壳的部分熔融,形成于活动型大陆边缘环境。      

Petrology,geochemistry, and zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Zambezi Belt in Zimbabwe: Implications for terrane assembly in southern Africa

The Zambezi Belt in southern Africa has been regarded as a part of the 570-530 Ma Kuunga Orogen formed by a series of collision of Archean cratons and Proterozoic orogenic belts.Here,we report new petrological,geochemical,and zircon U-Pb geochronological data of various metamorphic rocks(felsic to mafic orthogneiss,pelitic schist,and felsic paragneiss) from the Zambezi Belt in northeastern Zimbabwe,and evaluate the timing and P-T conditions of the collisional event as well as protolith formation.Geochemical data of felsic orthogneiss indicate within-plate granite signature,whereas those of mafic orthogneiss suggest MORB,ocean-island,or within-plate affinities.Metamorphic P-Testimates for orthogneisses indicate significant P-T variation within the study area(700-780 C/6.7-7.2 kbar to 800-875 C/10-11 kbar) suggesting that the Zambezi Belt might correspond to a suture zone with several discrete crustal blocks.Zircon cores from felsic orthogneisses yielded two magmatic ages:2655±21 Ma and 813士5 Ma,which suggests Neoarchean and Early Neoproterozoic crustal growth related to within-plate magmatism.Detrital zircons from metasediments display various ages from Neoarchean to Neoproterozoic(ca.2700-750 Ma).The Neoarchean(ca.2700-2630 Ma) and Paleoproterozoic(ca.2200-1700 Ma) zircons could have been derived from the adjacent Kalahari Craton and the Magondi Belt in Zimbabwe,respectively.The Choma-Kalomo Block and the Lufilian Belt in Zambia might be proximal sources of the Meso-to Neoproterozoic(ca.1500-950 Ma) and early Neoproterozoic(ca.900-750 Ma) detrital zircons,respectively.Such detrital zircons from adjacent terranes possibly deposited during late Neoproterozoic(744-670 Ma),and subsequently underwent highgrade metamorphism at 557-555 Ma possibly related to the collision of the Congo and Kalahari Cratons during the latest Neoproterozoic to Cambrian.In contrast,670-627 Ma metamorphic ages obtained from metasediments are slightly older than previous reports,but consistent with~680-650 Ma metamorphic ages reported from different parts of the Kuunga Orogen,suggesting Cryogenian thermal events before the final collision.     

皖南新元古代井潭组火山岩锆石U-Pb定年和同位素地球化学研究

对皖南江南造山带新元古代井潭组火山岩样品进行了锆石微区U-Pb定年、全岩主微量元素分析和Sr-Nd同位素分析以及矿物氧同位素分析。结果表明,井潭组火山岩存在二期火山岩,形成时代分别为820±16 Ma和776±10 Ma。所有样品都具有较高的基性组分(ΣTiO2+ Fe2O3 T+MgO) 含量(4.7%~16.36%),LREE富集,中等Eu负异常,大离子亲石元素K,Rb,Ba,Th,U等富集,Nb,Ta,Sr,Ti等相对亏损。εNd (t )值为-2.79~-1.71,指示岩浆源区含有显著的新生地壳组分。这些岩石具有高A/CNK(1.37~1.61)和高δ18O值(锆石6.52‰~8.98‰),显示为壳源S型岩浆岩的特点。石英、斜长石和钾长石等矿物氧同位素具有很大的变化范围,表明井潭组火山岩经历了不同程度的亚固相中温热液蚀变。根据锆石U-Pb定年和元素以及同位素分析结果,776±10 Ma井潭组火山岩与石耳山花岗岩为同期岩浆岩,井潭组火山岩直接来源于早新元古代新生地壳重熔,而石耳山花岗岩源岩为约825 Ma岩浆岩,间接来源于早新元古代新生地壳的再造。这些新生地壳是江南弧–陆碰撞造山带的组成部分,在Rodinia超大陆裂解时发生拉张跨塌熔融,既不是地幔柱岩浆活动产物,也不是岛弧岩浆作用的直接产物,而是板块–裂谷岩浆活动产物。     

内蒙古大兴安岭北部新元古代花岗岩岩石地球化学特征及构造意义

大兴安岭北部发育有大量的新元古代花岗岩,通过开展1/25万莫尔道嘎-奇乾幅区域地质调查工作,将其划分为3个构造岩浆阶段,共7个填图单元.岩石组合及岩石地球化学特征的研究表明,早期的中基性杂岩-花岗闪长岩系列岩浆主要来源于上地幔或下地壳,是俯冲作用和壳幔相互作用的产物;中期似斑状钾长花岗岩-二长花岗岩系列岩浆来源于下地壳,是碰撞造山作用的产物;晚期正长岩主要来自下地壳,形成于造山晚期的伸展体制.整个新元古代岩浆岩的发展演化过程客观地反映了大兴安岭北部西伯利亚板块南缘的运动学特征.     

我国中新元古代地层研究中若干问题的探讨

以叠层石作为生物地层学研究的主要手段 ,并分析了一些新的同位素年龄和其他古生物学资料 ,对 3个中新元古代地层问题进行了讨论 :　 1)从元古宙叠层石总体发育过程及陡山沱组新发现的资料看 ,中国南方震旦系(指南沱 ,陡山沱和灯影组 )在层位上应位于胶辽徐淮区的金县群之上 ;　 2 )在震旦纪南沱冰期前 ,大约在辽南纪中晚期 ,一起高温氧化并伴随强蒸发事件波及胶辽徐淮区 ;　 3)对燕山 ,胶辽徐淮和扬子区中新元古代沉积的构造背景进行了分析。     

A Rifting Story of South China, With Particular Reference to Rodinia Breakup

A RIFTING STORY OF SOUTH CHINA, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO RODINIA BREAKUP     

大兴安岭北部凤凰山地区英云闪长岩地球化学特征与锆石U-Pb定年

凤凰山地区位于大兴安岭北部额尔古纳地块和兴安地块过渡带,该区广泛分布着前寒武纪变质岩系组成的兴华渡口群古老块体。本次研究发现凤凰山地区内还有古老的侵入体--英云闪长岩,零星分布于前寒武纪结晶基底内。本文以凤凰山地区英云闪长岩为研究对象,进行了岩石的主、微量元素测试和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年。岩石地球化学特征显示,英云闪长岩属于过铝质钙碱性岩石系列岩石,富集Rb、K等大离子亲石元素（LILE）,亏损Nb、P、Sr、Ta、Ti等高场强元素（HFSE）,呈中等负铕异常（δEu=0.64~0.69）,表现出火山弧花岗岩的特征。英云闪长岩的锆石呈长柱状,具有清晰的环带,显示出岩浆锆石的特征,其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为（807.7±2.2）Ma,表明其侵位时代为新元古代。结合区域构造演化史,认为该地区新元古代英云闪长岩的形成受Rodinia超大陆裂解-碰撞影响,是额尔古纳地块和兴安地块过渡带地壳增生的产物。     

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age and Nd isotopic study on the Nyainqêntanglha Group in Tibet

The Nyainqêntanglha Group is traditionally viewed as the oldest metamorphic basement in the Lhasa block, but its formation age and tectonic setting remain debate. Zircons extracted from the metamorphic sequence of volcanics and intrusions of the Nyainqêntanglha Group, 10 km west of Nam Co in northern Lhasa block, have been investigated by cathodoluminescence (CL), backscattered (BSE) and dated by ion microprobe (SHRIMP). We conclude that the U-Pb age of 787 ê9 Ma of zircons from the trondhjemite imposes a constraint on maxi-mum protolith age, and minimum formation age of the Nyainqêntanglha Group is constrained by U-Pb age of 748 ê8 Ma of zircons from the granite. The formation age of the Nyainqêntanglha Group is consistent with sedimentary age of Greater Himalayan rocks, showing that they devel-oped coevally in an arc-basin tectonic setting of Neoproterozoic active continental margin along the northern margin of the India shield. The inherited zircons from the tholetiite and granite give older 207 Pb/206 Pb ages from 947 to 1766 Ma. The positive å Nd(t) value indicates that the mafic rocks were derived from the depleted mantle, but contaminated by the older continental crustal material. Integrated Nd model age and U-Pb age data provide excellent evidence for the existence of Mesoproterozoic basement in the Lhasa block during Neoproterozoic time.     

Neoproterozoic diamictites from the Itombwe Synclinorium, Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo: Palaeoclimatic significance and regional correlations

The Itombwe Synclinorium in the Kivu Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo contains a Neoproterozoic succession of greenschist facies metasedimentary rocks defined as the Itombwe Supergroup, dated between 1020 ± 50 and 575 ± 83 Ma. The Itombwe Supergroup unconformably overlies the Mesoproterozoic Kibaran belt and is subdivided into the Upper and Lower Kadubu Groups which are separated by a faulted tectonic contact. Graded, rhythmically repeated sequences of sandstones, greywackes, phyllites and shales indicate deposition as turbiditic sediment-gravity flows. Periods of basin anoxia are indicated by the presence of graphitic black shales. The Lower and Upper Kadubu Groups contain three stratigraphic levels of diamictites and lonestone-bearing iron-rich sedimentary rocks interpreted as glaciogenic strata, which broadly correlate with other Neoproterozoic glacial sequences in the Central African region and elsewhere around the world. Current stratigraphic and geochronological knowledge of these beds is insufficient to provide more accurate correlations.     

Geochemistry and Origin of Neoproterozoic Granitoids of Meghalaya, Northeast India: Implications for Linkage with Amalgamation of Gondwana Supercontinent

Many granitic bodies intrude the basement gneisses in Meghalaya Plateau, Northeast India. Rb-Sr whole-rock isotopic ages of the granitoids range from 881 to 479 Ma while the ages of the basement orthogneisses vary from 1714 to 1150 Ma. All the plutons are dominantly metaluminous and show geochemical variation. Oxygen isotopic compositions in the granitoids and gneisses are concordant (d¹⁸O: + 5.78% to + 8.70%). However, the gneisses from high-grade terrain have low d¹⁸O value of +2.52% to +5.31%. Initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (I_Sr) ratios of the plutons vary from 0.70459 to 0.71487 and tend to increase with progressive younging in age. The geochemical characters suggest derivation of the granites from lower crustal source. The fractionated rare earth patterns observed in the granitoids can be obtained by partial melting of gneisses or diorites. Some gneiss samples have experienced interaction with hydrothermal fluids resulting in lowering d¹⁸O. The isotopic ages of granite plutonism in Meghalaya are similar to the plutonic and tectonothermal events in other parts of India, southwestern Australia and document final amalgamation events of the Gondwana Supercontinent.